Biagio Marin

Analyse des Buches "Il libro di Gesky" von Biagio Marin

Synthesis of Ballistic Capture Corridors at Mars via Polynomial Chaos Expansion

The space sector is experiencing a flourishing growth and evidence is mounting that the near future will be characterized by a large amount of deep-space missions. In the last decade, CubeSats have granted affordable access to space due to their reduced manufacturing costs compared to traditional missions. At the present-day, most miniaturized spacecraft have thus far been deployed into near-Earth orbits, but soon a multitude of interplanetary CubeSats will be employed for deep-space missions as well. Nevertheless, the current paradigm for deep-space missions strongly relies on ground-based operations. Although reliable, this approach will rapidly cause saturation of ground slots, thereby hampering the current momentum in space exploration. At the actual pace, human-in-the-loop, flight-related operations for deep-space missions will soon become unsustainable. Self-driving spacecraft are challenging the current paradigm under which spacecraft are piloted in interplanetary space. They are intended as machines capable of traveling in deep space and autonomously reaching their destination. In EXTREMA, these systems are used to engineer ballistic capture (BC), thereby proving the effectiveness of autonomy in a complex scenario. The key is to accomplish low-thrust orbits culminating in BC. For this, a bundle of BC orbits named ballistic capture corridor (BCC) can be targeted far away from a planet. To achieve BC at Mars without any a priori instruction, an inexpensive and accurate method to construct BCC directly on board is required. Therefore, granting spacecraft the capability to manipulate stable sets in order to self-compute a BCC is crucial. The goal of the paper is to numerically synthesize a corridor exploiting the polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) technique, thereby applying a suited uncertainty propagation technique to BC orbit propagation.Comment: EXTREMA - Engineering Extremely Rare Events in Astrodynamics for Deep-Space Missions in Autonomy, European Research Council (ERC), European Union (EU), Horizon 2020. The content of this document reflects only the author's view. ERC is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contain

The main recessions in Italy: a retrospective comparison

This paper proposes a comparative analysis of the main macroeconomic aggregates (both real and credit aggregates), and the monetary policy response during the most severe recessions experienced by the Italian economy. This descriptive study focuses mainly on the last forty years, a period for which there is ample and detailed information available. In particular, the paper contrasts the data on the current deep recession with those in 1974-75 and 1992-93, at the times of the oil crisis and the currency crisis respectively. For a selected list of variables, a comparison is made with the dynamics of the recession of the 1930s.gcyclical fluctuations, recession, credit supply, monetary policy

Le principali recessioni italiane: un confronto retrospettivo

Il lavoro propone un’analisi comparata dell’andamento dei principali aggregati macroeconomici, reali e creditizi, nonché delle reazioni della politica monetaria in occasione delle più gravi recessioni attraversate dall’economia italiana. L’indagine, di tipo descrittivo, si concentra soprattutto sugli ultimi quarant’anni, per i quali il quadro informativo disponibile è ampio e dettagliato. In particolare, si confronta l’evidenza relativa alla profonda recessione del 2008-09 con quelle registrate nel 1974-75 e nel 1992-93, in corrispondenza delle crisi petrolifera e valutaria. Per un numero ridotto di variabili si propone anche un raffronto con gli andamenti negli anni trenta.Fluttuazioni cicliche, recessioni, offerta di credito, politica monetaria

Ten-month follow-up of patients with covid-19 temporally related multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children: the experience of the children hospital of Palermo

Background: In Sicily, the first wave of COVID-19 showed a low epidemic impact in paediatric population, while the second and the third waves had a higher impact on clinical presentation of COVID-19 in children and a significantly higher severe outcome in patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), with a frequent life-threatening progression. Methods: We describe a cohort of 22 Sicilian children (11 M; 11 F; age: 1.4-14 years), presenting with clinical features compatible with MIS-C. Patients with negative swab had a history of recent personal or parental infection. Results: The following diagnostic criteria were detected: fever (100%); cheilitis and/or pharyngeal hyperaemia (86%); latero-cervical lymphadenitis (82%); rash (73%); abdominal pain and/or vomiting and/or diarrhoea (64%); conjunctivitis (64%); hands and feet oedema (18%). 59% showed cardiac involvement (6 pericardial effusion; 8 mitral valve insufficiency; 4 insufficiency of two valves; 3 coronary artery lesions (CAL)). In all the patients, treatment was started within 72 h after the admission, with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) (2 g/Kg/dose), methylprednisolone (2 mg/Kg/day in 73% of patients; 30 mg/Kg/day for 3 days, followed by 2 mg/Kg/day in 27% of patients). Two patients were treated with enoxaparin. Two patients with shock, were additionally treated with vasoactive drugs, albumin, diuretics. Cardiac involvement evolved into the complete resolution of lesions in most of the patients. All the patients were included in a follow-up, to investigate on clinical outcome and resolution of organ involvement. Cardiac valve insufficiency persisted only in 18% of children, CAL persisted only in 33% of children with coronary involvement, however without the evolution into aneurisms. Conclusions: The preferred treatment strategy was more aggressive at the diagnosis of MIS-C, to block the cytokine cascade. Most of our patients, in fact, received a first-line treatment with IVIG and steroids. This approach could explain the favourable prognosis, the rapid restoring of cardiac function also in patients with MAS or shock, and the good outcome during the 10 months follow-up in all the patients

Action of the ciliary neurotrophic factor in mouse brainstem

Systemic administration of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) determines sustained weight loss in rodents and humans. The anorectic effect of CNTF is due, at least in part, to activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3, STAT1 and STAT5 in neuronal and glial cells of the tuberal hypothalamus (Severi et al., 2012, 2013 and unpublished data). To assess whether CNTF also exerts an action on the brainstem feeding centres, male Swiss CD-1 mice were intraperitoneally treated with rat recombinant CNTF (0.3 mg/kg of body weight; CNTF-treated mice) or with saline (control mice) for 45 minutes (min) to perform P-STAT3, P-STAT1 and P-STAT5 immunohistochemistry, and for 120 min to detect c-Fos expression. Double staining experiments with neuronal and glial markers and confocal microscopy analyses were performed to assess the phenotype of the CNTF-responsive cells. P-STAT3-, P-STAT1- or P-STAT5-positive cells were not detected in brainstem coronal sections from control mice. In contrast, CNTF administration led to a strong activation of the transcription factors STAT3, STAT1 and STAT5 in CNTF receptor α-bearing glial cells of the area postrema, a circumventricular organ devoid of blood-brain barrier, that allows circulating molecules to gain access to the adjacent brain parenchyma. In 120 min CNTF-treated mice specific nuclear staining for c-Fos was detected not only in cells of the area postrema but also in numerous neurons widely distributed in the nucleus of the solitary tract (Sol), the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus (DMV) and parabrachial nuclei. Ongoing experiments on capsaicin-treated (deafferented) mice will disclose a possible vagal contribution to the Sol and DMV neuronal activation due to a peripheral action of CNTF in the gastro-intestinal tract. Collectively, these data show for the first time that CNTF similarly to other satiety factor, like leptin, has redundant actions on both hypothalamic and brainstem energy balance neuronal networks. Unravelling the phenotype of brainstem neurons responsive to CNTF will clarify its role in distinctive aspects of feeding behaviour

Percepção de enfermeiras sobre o manejo da dor em crianças em um Serviço Hospitalar de de Oncologia no Chile

Inadequate pain management in children continues to be a problem. Pain is a frequent symptom in hospitalized children, being an excellent challenge for nursing, understanding that childhood pain in cancer is multifactorial, which makes its management difficult. The objective is to know the perception of nursing professionals regarding pain management in pediatric oncology people hospitalized during the second half of 2017. Methodology: This research is part of the constructivist paradigm focusing on grounded theory, descriptive with qualitative design. A study carried out at the Hemato-Oncology Service of the Roberto del Río Hospital proposed. Six nurses participate in a semi-structured interview for subsequent content analysis. Results: They are female subjects, mainly young adults and for the majority this constitutes their first work experience. The qualitative analysis allowed structuring the perception of pain management in four categories with subcategories: Definition of Pain: Concept of Pain, Pain in the service, Relevance of Pain. Pain assessment: Subjectivity in assessment, Application of rating scales, Personal experience, Family role in pain assessment. Care planning: Role of the family in pain management, Individualization of care, Teamwork. Pain management: Pharmacological treatment, Non-pharmacological treatment. Conclusions: It is possible to know the nurses' perception of pain, understanding boys and girls as a multifactorial being, which requires an adequate assessment, integrating pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment for remission.El manejo inadecuado del dolor en niños continúa siendo un problema. El dolor es un síntoma frecuente en los niños hospitalizados, siendo un gran desafío para enfermería, entendiendo que el dolor infantil en cáncer es multifactorial lo que dificulta su manejo. El objetivo fue conocer la percepción de los profesionales de enfermería frente al manejo del dolor en personas oncológicas pediátricas hospitalizadas durante el segundo semestre del año 2017. Metodología: Esta investigación se enmarca en el paradigma constructivista con enfoque en la teoría fundada. El estudio se realizó en el Servicio de Hemato-Oncología del Hospital Roberto del Río. Participaron seis enfermeras en una entrevista semiestructurada para un posterior análisis de contenido.  Resultados: Fueron participantes de sexo femenino, adultos jóvenes y para la mayoría, esta constituye su primera experiencia laboral. El análisis cualitativo permitió estructurar la percepción del manejo del dolor en cuatro categorías con subcategorías: Definición de dolor: Concepto de dolor, Dolor en el servicio, Relevancia del dolor. Valoración del dolor: Subjetividad en la valoración, Aplicación de escalas de valoración, Experiencia personal, Rol familiar en valoración del dolor. Planificación de los cuidados: Rol de la familia en el manejo del dolor, Individualización de los cuidados, Trabajo en Equipo. Tratamiento del dolor: Tratamiento farmacológico, Tratamiento no farmacológico. Conclusiones: Se logró conocer la percepción de las enfermeras sobre el manejo del dolor, comprendiendo los niños y niñas como un ser multifactorial, que requiere una valoración adecuada, integrando el tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico para su remisión.  O tratamento inadequado da dor em crianças continua a ser um problema. A dor é um sintoma frequente em crianças hospitalizadas, sendo um grande desafio para a enfermagem, por compreender que a dor na infância no câncer é multifatorial, o que dificulta seu manejo. O objetivo é conhecer a percepção dos profissionais de enfermagem sobre o manejo da dor em oncológicos pediátricos internados no segundo semestre de 2017. Metodologia: Esta pesquisa está enquadrada no paradigma construtivista com foco na teoria fundamentada, descritiva com desenho qualitativo. O estudo foi realizado no Serviço de Hemato-Oncologia do Hospital Roberto del Río. Seis enfermeiros participam de uma entrevista semiestruturada para posterior análise de conteúdo. Resultados: São sujeitos do sexo feminino, principalmente jovens adultos e, para a maioria, constituem sua primeira experiência de trabalho. A análise qualitativa permitiu estruturar a percepção do manejo da dor em quatro categorias com subcategorias: Definição de dor: Conceito de dor, Dor no serviço, Relevância da dor. Avaliação da dor: subjetividade na avaliação, aplicação de escalas de avaliação, experiência pessoal, papel da família na avaliação da dor. Planejamento do cuidado: Papel da família no manejo da dor, Individualização do cuidado, Trabalho em equipe. Tratamento da dor: tratamento farmacológico, tratamento não farmacológico. Conclusões: É possível conhecer a percepção dos enfermeiros sobre o manejo da dor, compreendendo meninos e meninas como um ser multifatorial, o que requer uma avaliação adequada, integrando o tratamento farmacológico e não farmacológico para remissão