1,834 research outputs found
Evaluating the role of patient facing pharmacists in a GP practice setting.
Southern Derbyshire CC
Co-creating & Implementing a Reasonable Adjustments Framework in an acute hospital trust
This poster offers evidence of practice development activities undertaken to establish a clinical framework for making reasonable adjustments in acute hospital and application of the tool in a mortality audit.Peer reviewe
The psychology of news influence and development of Media Framing Analysis
HowHow precisely do media influence their readers, listeners and viewers? In this paper, we argue that any serious study of the psychology of media influence must incorporate a systematic analysis of media material. However, psychology presently lacks a methodology for doing this that is sensitive to context, relying on generalised methods like content or discourse analysis. In this paper, we develop an argument to support our development of a technique that we have called Media Framing Analysis (MFA), a formal procedure for conducting analyses of (primarily news) media texts. MFA draws on elements of existing framing research from communication and other social scientific research while at the same time incorporating features of particular relevance to psychology, such as narrative and characterisation
The role and value of medicines management work packages 1 & 2
Work Package 1 presents the findings and recommendations from the analysis of Southern Derbyshire’s Medicine Management “Work Log” SharePoint data set. The report provides an overview of the work done by the Medicine Management team. The current form and function of the SharePoint data set are also discussed. The analysis of the dataset (Annex Document) provide context for the recommendations presented, which are based on six case studies selected by Southern Derbyshire Medicines Management team. Work package 2 presents the findings and recommendations from our evaluation of the project to embed Clinical Pharmacists in Patient Facing roles within the ‘Belper Five’ group of practices. This element of the report continues to explore the value of medicines management from the viewpoint of the expanded role of the patient facing Clinical Pharmacists within a general practice setting.This report was commissioned by Southern Derbyshire's Medicines Management Tea
Oral nutritional supplements in care homes and the community: Nutrition review and staff education.
The University of Derby’s Health and Social Care Research Centre has been commissioned to support the delivery of Southern Derbyshire CCG’s review of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) and education of care home staff. Southern Derbyshire currently spends £1,409,099 on ONS prescribing (SH3-OT26 PID, 2016). While the efficacy of the use of ONS in malnourished patients is well understood (Agarwal, Miller, Yaxley, & Isenring, 2013), their use may not always be appropriate and other methods such as food fortification may result in either equal or better outcomes for considerably lower cost (Baldwin & Weekes, 2012). A successful pilot in five care homes by Southern Derbyshire CCG achieved cost savings of £183,203.33, along with the associated benefits of increased dietetic support to those residents who required input. On this basis, building on the pilot work, the present programme of work was conceived. Broadly, the project aimed to: (a) improve the nutritional state of residents in 112 care homes and at home; and (b) reduce spend on ONS prescribing. This was divided into two work streams: (1) evaluating the efficacy of a training programme on the identification, prevention and treatment of malnutrition, through a “Food First” approach including MUST training; and (2) the assessment, review and support of GP practices with patients prescribed ONS within their own home. This report provides an overview of the work done by the dietetics team up until the end of February 2018. The analysis of the dataset provides context for the recommendations presented.Southern Derbyshire CC
"Crack down on the celebrity junkies": does media coverage of celebrity drug use pose a risk to young people?
This study analysed news media content to examine the role played by celebrity drug use in young people's perceptions of drug use. We know that young people have access to discourses of drug use through music and other media which may emphasise short term gains (of pleasure or sexual success) over longer term health and social problems. This study goes beyond a simple modelling approach by using Media Framing Analysis (MFA) to take an in-depth look at the messages themselves and how they are 'framed'. New stories about Amy Winehouse's drug use were used and we conducted focus groups with young people asking them questions about drugs, celebrity and the media. Frames identified include: 'troubled genius', 'losing patience' and 'glamorization or gritty realism'. Initially, the press championed Winehouse's musical talent but soon began to tire of her recklessness; the participants tended to be unimpressed with Winehouse's drug use, characterising her as a promising artist who had 'gone off the rails'. Young people were far more critical of Winehouse than might be expected, demonstrating that concerns about the influence of celebrity drug use and its impact on future health risk behaviour among young people may have been over-simplified and exaggerated. This study illustrates the need to understand young people and their frames of reference within popular culture when designing drug awareness information relevant to them. Furthermore, it indicates that critical media skills analysis may contribute to health risk education programmes related to drug use
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The effect of ambient sounds on decision-making and heart rate variability in autism.
Many autistic people report difficulties making decisions during everyday tasks, such as shopping. To examine the effect of sounds on decision-making, we developed a supermarket task where people watched a film shown from the shopper's perspective and were asked to make decisions between different products. The task was divided into three sections and participants completed each section in a different auditory environment: (1) no sounds, (2) non-social sounds (e.g. fridges humming) and (3) social sounds (e.g. people talking). Thirty-eight autistic and 37 neurotypical adults took part. We measured decision-making by examining how long it took to make a decision and how consistent people were with their decisions. We also measured heart rate variability because this biological response provides a measure of anxiety. After the supermarket shopping task, participants told us in their own words about their experiences. Autistic participants said that they found the non-social and social sound conditions more difficult than the no sound condition, and autistic participants found the social sound condition more negative than neurotypical participants. However, decision-making and heart rate variability were similar for autistic and neurotypical participants across the sound conditions, suggesting that these measures may not have been sensitive enough to reflect the experiences the autistic participants reported. Further research should consider alternative measures to explore the experiences reported by autistic people to help us understand which specific aspects of the environment autistic people are sensitive to. This, in turn, may enable more specific and evidence-based autism-friendly changes to be made.Anonymous donatio
A Late Devonian actinopterygian suggests high lineage survivorship across the end-Devonian mass extinction
Rapid evolution of our understanding of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 – implications for therapy
COVID-19 severity appears to lie in its propensity to cause a hyperinflammatory response, attributed to the cytokine release syndrome
(CRS) or ‘cytokine storm’, although the exact role of the CRS remains to be fully elucidated. Hyperinflammation triggers a hypercoagulable
state, also thought to play a key role in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Disease severity is linked to age, sex and comorbid conditions, which in
turn may be linked to oxidative stress and pre-existing depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). There is increasing evidence
that the host genome may determine disease outcome. Since most information pertaining to COVID-19 has thus far been extrapolated
from the ‘global North’, similar studies in African populations are warranted. Many studies are aimed at finding a therapeutic strategy based
on scientific rationale. Some promising results have emerged, e.g. the use of corticosteroids in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome
(ARDS).The South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, and the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine of the University of Pretoria (MSP).http://www.samj.org.zaam2021ImmunologyPaediatrics and Child Healt
Measuring well-being in sport performers: where are we now and how do we progress?
The importance of optimal well-being and mental health in elite athletes has received increasing attention and debate in
both the academic and public discourse. Despite the number of challenges and risk factors for mental health and well-being
recognised within the performance lifestyle of elite athletes, the evidence base for intervention is limited by a number of
methodological and conceptual issues. Notably, there exists an increasing emphasis on the development of appropriate sportspecifc measures of athlete well-being, which are required to underpin strategies targeted at the protection and enhancement
of psychosocial functioning. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review psychometric issues in well-being research and
discuss the implications for the measurement of well-being in sport psychology research. Drawing on the broader literature
in related disciplines of psychology, the narrative discusses four key areas in the scale development process: conceptual and
theoretical issues, item development issues, measurement and scoring issues, and analytical and statistical issues. To conclude,
a summary of the key implications for sport psychology researchers seeking to develop a measure of well-being is presented
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