The labour market position of Turkish immigrants in Germany and the Netherlands: reason for migration, naturalisation and language proficiency

On the basis of the German Socio-Economic Panel 2002 and the Dutch Social Position and Use of Provision Survey 2002, we investigate the importance of characteristics related to immigration for the labour market position of Turkish immigrants. We use regression techniques to correct for composition effects in employment rates, tenured job rates and job prestige scores (ISEI). First, we find that educational attainment and language proficiency have a higher return in the Netherlands than in Germany. Second, we find that second generation immigrants have improved their labour market position relative to the first generation of labour migrants and their partners. The improvement is largely due to an improvement in educational attainment and language proficiency. Third, for the Netherlands we find a positive relation between naturalisation and labour market position, while for Germany we find a negative relation with tenured employment. The contrasting results on tenured employment may be explained partly by differences in immigration rules. In Germany economic self-reliance is more important than in the Netherlands, and this may lead to a stronger incentive to naturalise for workers with a temporary contract

Immigration, integration and the labour market: Turkish immigrants in Germany and the Netherlands

On the basis of three micro datasets, the German Socio-Economic Panel 2002, the Dutch Social Position and Use of Provision Survey 2002 and the Dutch Labour Force Survey 2002, we investigate the labour market position of Turkish immigrants in Germany and the Netherlands. We compare labour market outcomes of Turkish immigrants, including both the first and second generation, and natives in both countries by using the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method. We find that Turkish immigrants have lower employment rates, lower tenured job rates and lower job prestige scores than natives. In both countries, the lower level of education and the age composition of the Turkish immigrants partly explains the unfavourable labour market position. The standardized gap the gap that remains after correction for the observed individual characteristics - in the employment and tenured job rate remains large for the Netherlands, while the standardized gap in the job prestige score remains large for Germany. Differences in past immigration policies between Germany and the Netherlands are likely to be important for explaining the labour market position of Turkish men in both countries

Political Turmoil and Attitude Change Among the Diaspora: The Impact of the 2016 Attempted Military Coup on Homeland Orientation Among Recent Turkish Immigrants in the Netherlands

This study underscores the significance of home-country events in shaping connections between diaspora and their country of origin. Focusing on immigrants from Turkey who migrated to the Netherlands in 2012/2013, our panel-study sheds light on post-migration developments concerning interest in Turkish politics and sense of identification with Turkey. Leveraging the 2016 failed military coup as a natural experiment, we apply also rally effect theory. Our findings reveal that political interest increased in the aftermath of the coup attempt and stronger so among immigrants who supported the AK-party. Conversely, identification with Turkey declined, while remaining stable among migrants identifying as Turkish majority members. This research demonstrates the importance of examining responses to home-country events, elucidating on variations observed across subgroups

El apoyo a los principios distributivos. Una comparación entre las sociedades socialistas y las sociedades de mercado (1987-1996) El apoyo a los principios distributivos. Una comparación entre las sociedades socialistas y las sociedades de mercado (1987-1996)

This paper examines the extent to which people support meritocratic as compared to egalitarian distribution principles in state-socialist societies before and after the transformation in 1989, compared to people in market societies. A measure is constructed which contrasts meritocratic against egalitarian distribution principles, taking account of the fact that people in different societies can choose both distribution principles at the same time. Hypotheses are tested using data stemming from several studies held in (former) state-socialist and market societies: the International Social Survey Programme, the International Social Justice Project, and the International Survey of Economic Attitudes. Results show that support for meritocratic rather than egalitarian principles was lower, while the tendency to support both principles at the same time was higher in state-socialist societies than in market societies. Socialstructural determinants are important in explaining support for distribution principles, but these effects are lower in state-socialist than in market societies. However, an increase in these effects can be observed after the transformation.<br>Este artículo investiga la medida en que los ciudadanos defienden los principios distributivos meritocráticos en comparación con los igualitarios en las sociedades socialistas antes y después de la transformación de 1989, comparándolos con los ciudadanos de las sociedades de mercado. Se ha construido una medida que contrasta los principios de distribución meritocráticos y los igualitarios, teniendo en cuenta que el hecho de que en las distintas sociedades los ciudadanos pueden elegir ambos principios de distribución al mismo tiempo. Las hipótesis son contrastadas utilizando los datos procedentes de varios estudios llevados a cabo en las antiguas sociedades con socialismo de Estado y en sociedades de mercado: el International Social Survey Programme, el International Social Justice Project y el International Survey of Economic Attitudes. Los resultados muestran que en las sociedades socialistas el apoyo a los principios meritocráticos antes que a los igualitarios era menor que en las de mercado, mientras que la tendencia a apoyar ambos principios al mismo tiempo era mayor. Los determinantes socio-estructurales son importantes para explicar el apoyo dado a los principios distributivos, pero estos efectos son menores en las sociedades socialistas que en las sociedades de mercado. Sin embargo, después de la transición se puede observar un aumento en estos efectos