66 research outputs found
Multiple hypotheses explain variation in extra-pair paternity at different levels in a single bird family
Extra‐pair paternity (EPP), where offspring are sired by a male other than the social male, varies enormously both within and among species. Trying to explain this variation has proved difficult because the majority of the interspecific variation is phylogenetically based. Ideally, variation in EPP should be investigated in closely related species, but clades with sufficient variation are rare. We present a comprehensive multifactorial test to explain variation in EPP among individuals in 20 populations of nine species over 89 years from a single bird family (Maluridae). Females had higher EPP in the presence of more helpers, more neighbours or if paired incestuously. Furthermore, higher EPP occurred in years with many incestuous pairs, populations with many helpers and species with high male density or in which males provide less care. Altogether, these variables accounted for 48% of the total and 89% of the interspecific and interpopulation variation in EPP. These findings indicate why consistent patterns in EPP have been so challenging to detect and suggest that a single predictor is unlikely to account for the enormous variation in EPP across levels of analysis. Nevertheless, it also shows that existing hypotheses can explain the variation in EPP well and that the density of males in particular is a good predictor to explain variation in EPP among species when a large part of the confounding effect of phylogeny is excluded
Interplay of entrepreneur, government, and industry in the development of ventures: the case of emerging IT industry in Korea
Evidência observacional das brisas do lago de Balbina (Amazonas) e seus efeitos sobre a concentração do ozônio
Von der "Terra incognita" zum "Balkan". Ein kritisches Resuemee des aktuellen Stands der Innovationsforschung unter besonderer Beruecksichtigung erster Ergebnisse der begleitenden Wirkungsanalyse der Zuschuesse an kleine und mittlere Unternehmen des produzierenden Gewerbes zu den Aufwendungen fuer das in Forschung und Entwicklung taetige Personal
Moeglichkeiten einer Verbesserung des Repraesentationsgrades der Statistik ueber Forschung und Entwicklung in der Wirtschaft der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
Industrielle Forschungs- und Industrieförderung. Diskussion theoretischer Ansaetze und ihrer empirischen Evidenz
Mechanism of araC autoregulation and the domains of two overlapping promoters, Pc and PBAD, in the L-arabinose regulatory region of Escherichia coli.
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