Pecking rate during the week in A- and B-zones.

<p>Differences in the number of pecks min⁻¹were recorded in A- and B- zones, during weekdays and holidays, and in three time slots. Time slots: morning (AM), midday (MD), and evening (PM). p -values of SNK tests followed ANOVAs (see text for statistics) are shown. Bold format indicates significant difference (α = 0.01).</p

MPA of Capo Gallo and Isola delle Femmine, Southern Mediterranean, Italy.

<p>The map shows the Area 1 (Isola delle Femmine) and the Area 2 (Capo Gallo) that include A-zones (no recreational use allowed), B-zones (recreational use allowed), and C-zones (recreational use allowed together with fishing authorized by local authorities).</p

Analysis of school polarization times.

<p>PerMANOVA results showing the effect of different types of boat presence on the school polarization times of <i>C. chromis</i>. Bold format indicates significant difference.</p

ANOVA results of nautical traffic intensity.

†<p>(squared +1) data transformed.</p><p>Nautical traffic intensity was measured as the number of boat passages, boat moorings, and total boat events recorded per hour in the different study areas, week periods and at different day times. Significant values are indicated in bold.</p

Nautical traffic intensity.

<p>Nautical traffic was monitored (A) between week periods (i.e. weekdays and holidays) and (B) throughout the day (i.e. morning, midday, and evening). The total number of boats was detected via visual census and it is presented as number of boats per hour. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean. The significance level is reported in figure: ns  =  not significant difference; * <i>P</i><0.05; ** <i>P</i><0.01. See text for ANOVA and post-hoc SNK test statistics.</p

Analysis of pecking rate of <i>Chromis chromis</i> during the week.

<p>Pecking rate min⁻¹ (±SE) of <i>C. chromis</i> was recorded in A- and B-zones, during weekdays and holidays, and in three time slots. Different superscripts indicate significant differences among the time slots, within periods (i.e. weekdays or holidays) and within zones resulting from pairwise SNK tests (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0040582#pone-0040582-t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a>) after ANOVA (<i>F</i>_2,874 = 9.84, <i>P</i><0.0001).</p

Metabolic scaling of an invasive mussel depends on temperature and chemical cues from an invasive predator

Figure S1. Prior sensitivity check showing model parameters estimated with informative priors (as described in the text) versus parameters estimated with weak priors. Similarity of the points indicates that the inference comes almost entirely from the data, not the priors