Building a comprehensive mentoring academy for schools of health.

Formal mentoring programs are increasingly recognized as critical for faculty career development. We describe a mentoring academy (MA) developed for faculty across tracks (i.e., researchers, clinicians, educators) within a "school of health" encompassing schools of medicine and nursing. The program is anchored dually in a clinical and translational science center and a school of health. The structure includes the involvement of departmental and center mentoring directors to achieve widespread uptake and oversight. A fundamental resource provided by the MA includes providing workshops to enhance mentoring skills. Initiatives for junior faculty emphasize establishing and maintaining strong mentoring relationships and implementing individual development plans (IDPs) for career planning. We present self-report data on competency improvement from mentor workshops and data on resources and barriers identified by junior faculty (n = 222) in their IDPs. Mentors reported statistically significantly improved mentoring competency after workshop participation. Junior faculty most frequently identified mentors (61%) and collaborators (23%) as resources for goal attainment. Top barriers included insufficient time and time-management issues (57%), funding limitations (18%), work-life balance issues (18%), including inadequate time for self-care and career development activities. Our MA can serve as a model and roadmap for providing resources to faculty across traditional tracks within medical schools

Comparing measures of overall and central obesity in relation to cardiometabolic risk factors among US Hispanic/Latino adults: Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk in Hispanics

US Hispanics/Latinos have high prevalence of obesity and related comorbidities. We compared overall and central obesity measures in associations with cardiometabolic outcomes among US Hispanics/Latinos

Faculty Development and Diversity First Generation Health Faculty Interviews

As part of the UC Davis Health Faculty Development and Diversity program, 18 interviews were conducted among faculty from the Schools of Health who self-identified as first-generation college graduates (“First Gen Health”). First Gen Health faculty told the story of their path to academic health and described significant factors and challenges in their success in becoming a faculty member. Qualitative analyses of de-identified interview transcripts were conducted to ascertain common experiences and themes. Findings from the first-generation project suggest common factors found across all interviews that influenced or continue to promote success among first generation faculty in attaining their career goals in academic health. In addition, several factors were also identified as challenges to achieve success (as defined by participants) throughout distinct stages of their career towards becoming faculty members.Findings from the UC Davis Schools of Health First Generation Faculty interviews suggest common factors that may influence or promote success among first generation faculty in attaining their career goals in academic health. These factors are categorized conceptually at the individual, social/community and infrastructure levels to best identify areas of potential impact and increase the use and application of these findings in academic settings such as UC Davis

Faculty Development and Diversity Program: UIH Faculty Interviews

As part of the UC Davis Health Faculty Development and Diversity (UCDH FDD) program, interviews were conducted with faculty from the Schools of Health who self-identify as being from racial or ethnic groups that are underrepresented in academic health. Twenty-eight individuals (24% of eligible UIH faculty) participated in an interview to share their stories of their pathway into academic health and their experiences as a UIH faculty member at UCDH. Participants also provided insights and suggestions on best methods to recruit, retain and support UIH faculty at UCDH. Qualitative analyses of de-identified interview transcripts were conducted to ascertain common experiences and themes. Findings describing UIH faculty pathways to a career in academic health and their challenges to achieving leadership and career goals are summarized

Building a comprehensive mentoring academy for schools of health.

Formal mentoring programs are increasingly recognized as critical for faculty career development. We describe a mentoring academy (MA) developed for faculty across tracks (i.e., researchers, clinicians, educators) within a "school of health" encompassing schools of medicine and nursing. The program is anchored dually in a clinical and translational science center and a school of health. The structure includes the involvement of departmental and center mentoring directors to achieve widespread uptake and oversight. A fundamental resource provided by the MA includes providing workshops to enhance mentoring skills. Initiatives for junior faculty emphasize establishing and maintaining strong mentoring relationships and implementing individual development plans (IDPs) for career planning. We present self-report data on competency improvement from mentor workshops and data on resources and barriers identified by junior faculty (n = 222) in their IDPs. Mentors reported statistically significantly improved mentoring competency after workshop participation. Junior faculty most frequently identified mentors (61%) and collaborators (23%) as resources for goal attainment. Top barriers included insufficient time and time-management issues (57%), funding limitations (18%), work-life balance issues (18%), including inadequate time for self-care and career development activities. Our MA can serve as a model and roadmap for providing resources to faculty across traditional tracks within medical schools

Prostate cancer mortality according to marginalization status in Mexican states from 1980 to 2013

Objective.To assess prostate cancer (PC) mortality in Mexico from 1980 to 2013, according to the state marginalization level. Materials and methods. Using age-adjusted rates in men ≥ 40 years old, we estimated trends and agecohort-period effects of PC mortality from 1980-2013 according to state marginalization status by using a joinpoint regression model and a Poisson regression model proposed by Holford. Results. The PC mortality risk has increased nationwide at a constant rate (2% annually) during the past 13 years. The highest annual increase was observed among states with very high (4.4%) and high (7.7%) marginalization rates. In contrast, states with very low levels of marginaliza- tion showed a significant reduction of 1.5% per year. The main changes were observed in the 1945-1950 birth year cohorts. Conclusions. Differences in PC mortality across regions of Mexico may reflect differences in the timing of the diagnosis and treatment of PC. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21149/spm.v58i2.778

Body Mass of U.S. Hispanics/Latinos From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL): How Do Diet Quality and Sedentary Time Relate?

Little evidence exists on diet quality- and sedentary time-related differences in body mass index (BMI) among immigrant and nonimmigrant Hispanics/Latinos with different lengths of U.S. residence. A total of 13,962 (80.2% foreign-born) Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) participants aged 18 to 60 from four U.S. cities (Bronx, NY; Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; and San Diego, CA) underwent standardized interviews and fasting blood tests. Diet quality was total Alternative Healthy Eating Index score. Sedentary time was number of <100 counts/minute over 3 to 6 days. BMI was examined using regression models adjusted for age, income, Hispanic/Latino background, HCHS/SOL site, and tobacco use. Two three-way interactions (diet or sedentary time length of residence sex) were tested to examine health behavior-related differences in BMI among immigrant and nonimmigrant males and females. The diet length of residence sex interaction was significant ( b = .005, 95% confidence interval [−.003, .008]). For a 10-unit Alternative Healthy Eating Index difference, the BMI difference was greater among immigrant females in the United States longer (0 years = .84 kg/m2; 10 years = 1.64 kg/m2). Diet-related obesity prevention efforts may start soon after migration, particularly for immigrant women

Commuting and Sleep: Results From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sueño Ancillary Study

Commute time is associated with reduced sleep time, but previous studies have relied on self-reported sleep assessment. The present study investigated the relationships between commute time for employment and objective sleep patterns among non-shift working U.S. Hispanic/Latino adults. From 2010 to 2013, Hispanic/Latino employed, non-shift–working adults (n=760, aged 18–64 years) from the Sueño study, ancillary to the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, reported their total daily commute time to and from work, completed questionnaires on sleep and other health behaviors, and wore wrist actigraphs to record sleep duration, continuity, and variability for 1 week. Survey linear regression models of the actigraphic and self-reported sleep measures regressed on categorized commute time (short: 1–44 minutes; moderate: 45–89 minutes; long: ≥90 minutes) were built adjusting for relevant covariates. For associations that suggested a linear relationship, continuous commute time was modeled as the exposure. Moderation effects by age, sex, income, and depressive symptoms also were explored. Commute time was linearly related to sleep duration on work days such that each additional hour of commute time conferred 15 minutes of sleep loss (p=0.01). Compared with short commutes, individuals with moderate commutes had greater sleep duration variability (p=0.04) and lower interdaily stability (p=0.046, a measure of sleep/wake schedule regularity). No significant associations were detected for self-reported sleep measures. Commute time is significantly associated with actigraphy-measured sleep duration and regularity among Hispanic/Latino adults. Interventions to shorten commute times should be evaluated to help improve sleep habits in this minority population

Abstract P446: Hispanics/Latinos With Prediabetes are Eligible for Diabetes Prevention Intervention: Findings From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Background: Hispanics/Latinos in the US are at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). The American Diabetes Association (ADA) consensus statement recommends prediabetes screening in persons with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m 2 from at-risk racial/ethnic groups and/or with additional T2D risk factors to identify those who may benefit from lifestyle and/or pharmacological (metformin) therapy to prevent T2D. Little is known about the proportion of diverse Hispanics/Latinos who have prediabetes and may benefit from such preventive measures. Objectives: This study examined prediabetes prevalence in Hispanics/Latinos by BMI categories to estimate the proportion eligible for preventive therapy per ADA guidelines. Methods: The HCHS/SOL is a prospective, multi-center, population-based study that enrolled 16,415 diverse Hispanic/Latino adults aged 18-74 years from four US communities in 2008 – 2011. Prediabetes was defined per ADA criteria as any of the following: fasting plasma glucose 100-125 mg/dL, oral glucose tolerance test 140-199 mg/dL, or hemoglobin A1C 5.7%-6.4%. Prevalence of prediabetes age-standardized to the 2010 US population was examined in persons aged 18-74 years with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 who were free of diabetes and not taking anti-glycemic medication (n=9393) and a sub-sample of those aged 18-60 with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m 2 (n=1528) to determine eligibility for preventive lifestyle and pharmacological therapy, respectively. Overall and heritage specific prevalence estimates (95% confidence intervals) were computed. Analyses were weighted for sampling probability and non-response. Results: Among individuals with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 , 50.9% (49.6 - 52.3) had prediabetes, i.e., could benefit from preventive lifestyle measures. Prevalence was highest in those of Mexican heritage (53.1%; 50.8 – 55.4), followed by Puerto Rican (49.8%; 46.2 – 53.4) and Central American (49.8%; 45.5 – 54.1) heritage. Persons of South American heritage had the lowest prevalence (45.6%; 41.4 – 49.6) (p=0.29 for overall differences across groups). Among persons with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m 2 , 55.7% (52.2 – 59.2) had prediabetes, i.e., could benefit from metformin therapy; prevalence was highest in persons of South American heritage (62.2%; 48.3 – 76.1). Of those who met the criteria for lifestyle measures, about 64% were age 18-44, 69% had at least a high school education, 41% had income <$20,000, and 40% had family history of diabetes. Over 60% of those eligible for preventive metformin therapy were women. Conclusions: Among Hispanics/Latinos who are overweight/obese, over half of those of Mexican heritage and almost half of those of Puerto Rican and Central American heritage need intensive lifestyle measures to prevent progression to diabetes. Among those who are obese, six out of ten individuals of South American heritage met criteria for preventive metformin therapy

Comparison of a Medication Inventory and a Dietary Supplement Interview in Assessing Dietary Supplement Use in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Although dietary supplement use is common, its assessment is challenging, especially among ethnic minority populations such as Hispanics/Latinos. Using the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) (n = 16,415), this report compares two strategies for capturing dietary supplement use over a 30-day period: a medication-based inventory and a nutrition-based dietary supplement interview. Age-standardized prevalence was calculated across multiple dietary supplement definitions, adjusted with survey/nonresponse weights. The prevalence of dietary supplement use was substantially higher as measured in the dietary supplement interview, compared to the medication inventory: for total dietary supplements (39% vs 26%, respectively), for nonvitamin, nonmineral supplements (24% vs 12%), and for botanicals (9.2% vs 4.5%). Concordance between the two assessments was fair to moderate (Cohen's kappa: 0.31–0.52). Among women, inclusion of botanical teas increased the prevalence of botanical supplement use from 7% to 15%. Supplement assessment that includes queries about botanical teas yields more information about patient supplement use