Combining Ability and Gene Action Estimates of Eight Parent Diallel Crosses of Chickpea for Ascochyta Blight

Ascochyta blight resistance was studied in half-diallel cross involving eight genotypes of chickpea at seedling and adult stages. The disease was rated in the greenhouse with a modified scale from 0 to 100%. The diallel analysis was performed on 28 F1 and their F2. The results were analyzed with the Hayman and Griffing methods. The general combining ability is most important for two generations, is highly significant for the two stages, and is more important than specific combining ability. This result reflects a strong preponderance of additive effects and epistasis additive × additive with respect to dominance effects in this material for the two generations, which shows the predominance of additive versus dominance. Estimates of heritability are very high. The additive effects have the highest value indicating the importance of this component for resistance to Ascochyta. For seedling stage, the negative sign of F for both generations indicates that there are much more recessive alleles that affect resistance to the disease. In adult stage, F is positive in both generations and shows more dominant alleles that control plant reaction to pathogen. H2 is positive in both generations which show that dominant genes are acting mostly towards the susceptibility

Ressources hydriques sous tension et enjeux de développement durable dans la wilaya de Sidi Bel Abbes (Algérie occidentale)

À l’instar des wilayas du département de l’Ouest algérien, la wilaya de Sidi Bel Abbès souffre de pénurie d’eau. Dans cette région, où les écoulements sont caractérisés par une irrégularité saisonnière et interannuelle importante, les potentialités en eau sont faibles. Les ressources en eau souterraines et superficielles sont insuffisantes à satisfaire les besoins et ne répondent pas aux demandes croissantes de la population qu’elle soit urbaine ou rurale. La wilaya de Sidi Bel Abbès n’a pu supporter le déficit en eau et faire face aux aléas climatiques récents. C’est dans cette optique que les organismes gestionnaires ont fait appel à des transferts d’eau des wilayas limitrophes pour couvrir le manque enregistré ces dernières années. L’étude présentée ici contribue à la mise en place d’une base de données participant à la compréhension des modalités de gestion intra et extra-wilaya. Elle permet par la suite d’analyser les enjeux de cet élément crucial, nécessaire à toute vie et à tout développement socio-économiqueLike the wilayas of west Algerian department, wilaya of Sidi Bel Abbes suffers from water shortage. In this region, where the flows are characterized by a considerable seasonal and irregularity, the water potentials are low. Water resources in ground or surface are insufficient to meet the needs and growing demands of the urban or rural population. The wilaya of Sidi Bel Abbes couldn’t withstand this water deficit and facing the hazards climate changment recently. In this regard the administrative bodies called for water transfer from neighboring wilayas to cover the registered lack in the last years. The study is contributing to make a data base participating to understand ways of intra and extra wilayas water management. so it allows analyzing the issue of this critical factor necessary for the whole life and for socio- economic development

Partial structural characterization of pectin cell wall from Argania spinosa leaves

The pectin polysaccharides from leaves of Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels, collected from Stidia area in the west coast of northern Algeria, were investigated by using sequential extractions and the resulting fractions were analysed for monosaccharide composition and chemical structure. Water-soluble pectic (ALS-WSP) and chelating-soluble pectic (ALS-CSP) fractions were obtained, de-esterified and fractionated by anion-exchange chromatography and characterized by sugar analysis combined with methylation analysis and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The data reveal the presence of altering homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) in both pectin fraction. The rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) are consisted of a disaccharide repeating unit [→ α-D-GalpA-1,2-α-L-Rhap-1,4 →] backbone, with side chains contained highly branched α-(1 → 5)-linked arabinan and short linear β-(1 → 4)-linked galactan, attached to O-4 of the rhamnosyl residues

Dynamique et gestion des cours d’eau méditerranéens et de leurs marges

Les cours d’eau méditerranéens et leurs marges sont le lieu de processus hydrosédimentaires qui sont l’objet d’enjeux écologiques, économiques et sociaux. Les articles présentent des analyses de la structure, du fonctionnement et de l’évolution de ces systèmes. Ils concernent les marges sud et nord de la Méditerranée, abordant les questions de la pénurie ou des excès d’eau, de la qualité des milieux fluviaux ou de leur perturbation