A Climate of Confessionalization: Famine and Difference in the Late Ottoman Empire

After the 1877–78 Russo-Ottoman War, the Ottoman Empire saw the rise of ethnic and sectarian clashes in Anatolia, the Balkans, and elsewhere, and the task of explaining that rise remains unfinished. Many have examined the intellectual formations of ethnic and sectarian solidarities after 1878, but the availability of new ideas cannot alone account for their widespread uptake. Why after 1878 did ordinary people respond more to calls upon ethnic and sectarian solidarity? Drawing on sources surrounding the 1879 famine in the Ottoman East, this article steps away from imperial metropoles to examine overlapping environmental, financial, and technological disjunctures. Adopting the methods of political ecology, the article underscores the simultaneous effects of drought, sovereign default, and an influx of modern weapons, each of which imposed uneven hardships along ethno-religious lines. Together, they created a climate of lived confessionalization that highlighted the communal categories upon which emergent movements called

Forces within and without: Lily Bart\u27s movement towards epiphany in The House of Mirth

The House of Mirth\u27s main character, Lily Bart, is charaterized a fated character, incapable of exerting free will. With the help of Lawrence Selden and Gerty Farish, she realizes that, for the most part, she has lived and acted according to what others expect of her

Polarization of the ground state neutrons from the 7Li(d,n)8Be reaction

SIGLELD:D48236/84 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

COUNTY AND CENSUS TRACT SOCIOECONOMIC ATTRIBUTES OF ESOPHAGEAL ADENOCARCINOMA CASES SEER 15 (2000-2007)

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) incidence rates have increased among U.S. men. We examined associations between area-level socioeconomic attributes and stage at diagnosis, an important prognostic predictor of survival time. Logistic regression models were developed to estimate odds ratios (OR) adjusted for age, race, gender and year of diagnosis and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for localized and regional versus distant stage by census tract and county level socioeconomic attributes. At the county level, a high percent of foreign born population was associated with distant stage EAC: >15.4%-26.6%, (OR=1.15, 95% CI: 1.04-1.28) and >26.6% (OR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.03-1.31). Median household income from $40.8-$45.6K (OR=1.14, 95% CI: 1.01-1.28) was also associated with distant stage EAC. Conversely, residence in an urban county was associated with localized or regional stage EAC (OR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.82-0.98). Findings regarding area level disparities in EAC stage may inform cancer control efforts

Gender comparisons of the anthropometric dimensions of optometry students and professionals and the need to reconsider human factors engineering to accommodate the changing demography of the optometric profession

The large shift towards more women in optometry necessitates ergonomic reconsideration of tools, equipment and workstations, because of gender size differences. This study focused on the anthropometric component of ergonomics; 33 men and 33 women were measured for height and eight other parameters which may be important in equipment design. They were also asked if they sat or stood while performing an eye exam. The t-test comparison showed a very highly significant difference between genders for all parameters. Men\u27s size made no difference in sitting or standing, whereas women\u27s did. The level of significance was highest when comparing all subjects, which meant height, not gender, is the critical factor, especially for those on the shorter end. Equipment manufactures and designers should cater to a larger range of physical dimensions than in the past

A Conceptual Requirements Model for the Domain of Electronic Service Delivery: Success Factors in E-Government Implementation

Governments and citizens benefit from successful implementations of electronic government (e-government) services. E-government utilizes Information Technologies (IT) to provide access to a wide range of public services and to stimulate economic development. Today governments at all levels respond to millions of citizens’ demands electronically and increasingly move more of their services towards an electronic delivery model. To address the need for successful e-government implementations, in this paper, we identify several key success factors that are appropriate for e-government design and implementation. We surveyed about one hundred e-government web sites on those key success factors, generated hypothesis, developed a conceptual model focusing on steps towards implementing more successful e-government projects, and evaluated the resulting conceptual model using a series of statistical tests

The Insufficient Inclusion of Pregnant Women in Biomedical Studies, and the Disproportionate Consequences for Low-Income Persons of Color

In the United States, women receive on average 1.3 prescriptions from each physician visit during pregnancy (Lee et al., 2006). Despite the considerable use of medications to manage and treat chronic and emergent conditions, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved only thirteen medications for use by pregnant women (Greenberg et al., 2011). This incongruity is largely a product of the complex problem of insufficient inclusion of pregnant women in biomedical research. This paper explores the consequences of exclusion, arguing that low-income populations of color are disproportionately burdened by both the insufficient inclusion of pregnant women in research and the resulting information gap on maternal-fetal drug safety and efficacy. To provide some context, the paper will begin by providing background on the history of women and biomedical research. In the following section, the scope of the problem will be outlined, followed by discussion of consequences for low-income persons of color. The final section will recognize both legal and non-legal challenges while presenting various recommendations for action.Master of Public Healt