Effect of synthetic juvenoid hormone (pyriproxyfen) on the larval stages and survival rates of fresh water prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)

Possible effects of a synthetic juvenoid hormone (Pyriproxyfen) on larval development, metamorphosis and survival of a crustacean octopod, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, was studied. Although Pyriproxyfen is well known as an effective pest control product, our knowledge about its effects on crustacean metamorphosis, especially on larval stages is yet little. Macrobrachium rosenbergii is a suitable invertebrate species in the neurobiological and endocrinological researches. The species has II larval stages with obvious morphological features for every stage. In this study, larvae of the species were treated with 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 ppm of Pyriproxyfen against a group of control for which xylene was used. In the first day of exposure to the Pyriproxyfen, all larvae were in the 1st larval stage. We studied the larval stages in samples obtained in different days and percentage of survival in the end of metamorphosis for treatment and control groups. The results showed that all concentrations of Pyriproxyfen significantly caused a delayed larval development and metamorphosis. Furthermore, the post larval survival rates of all treatment groups were less than control. These results suggest that synthetic juvenoid hormone retards the larval morphological development in Macrobrachium rosenbergii, and decreases the survival of the species

Fibrinogen and Fibrin Degradation Products’ Levels in Cardiopulmonary Bypass with Mild-Hypothermia versus Normothermia

Background: Coagulation cascades are activated during Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) and their proper monitoring and maintenance determine the outcomes of operation to a big extent. Here, we assessed serum fibrinogen and Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP) in adult patients undergoing CABG with using CPB, either with hypothermia or normothermia. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 80 adult patients’ candidate for elective CABG were randomly assigned into two groups: hypothermia and normothermia to assess fibrinogen and FDP, perioperatively. Results: Patients included 32 men (80%) in the hypothermia group and 26 men (60%) in the normothermia with the mean age of 61.43 ± 12.64 years. The mean temperature in the hypothermia group was 32.33 ± 1.44 and 35.33 ± 0.71 in the normothermic group. Differences in fibrinogen levels between the two groups were not significant (Fib before CPB, P=0.893, and Fib after declamping, P=0.057). The serum level of FDP before and during CPB was not significantly different in hypothermia and normothermia groups (P=0.412, P=0.778, respectively). Conclusion: During cardiac surgery in hypothermia and normothermia conditions rate of fibrinogen decreased 25% after declamping in each group; this decrease seems to be due to hemodilution. FDP levels were similar in both groups

Modeling the Electronic Marketing System Representation of Sepahan Isfahan Oil Company based on Interactive / Qualitative Analysis (IQA)

The purpose of this study is to model the electronic marketing system representation of Sepahan Isfahan Oil Company based on interactive/ quantitative analysis (IQA). The methodology of this research is developmental based on the conceptual and analytical nature of the mentioned result, because it seeks to develop the electronic marketing model of Sepahan Isfahan Oil Company with the aim of linking the stimuli and consequences of the electronic marketing dimensions of Sepahan Isfahan Oil Company. Combined research category (qualitative / quantitative). In this study, three simultaneous meta-synthesis and Delphi analysis in the qualitative part and systematic representation analysis based on interaction with focus groups in the quantitative part were used. The results in the qualitative section, reviewing 32 studies in the period 2018 to 2020, indicate the existence of 12 approved studies, based on which the two main components of communication function and accelerated e-marketing were identified with 15 propositional themes. Lead to the consequence of ownership in network marketing in the region of Sepahan Oil Company in terms of distribution and major sales of its products. It was also found that presenting the products of the day through holding conferences and special exhibitions as a stimulus for the accelerated functions of electronic marketing in Sepahan Oil Company can have the consequence of eliminating intermediaries for fast delivery of products to customers.Keywords: Systematic Representation Modeling; Electronic Marketing; Sepahan Isfahan Oil Company

The Impact of Mozart Music on Translator Students' Performance and its Relationship with Students' Extraversion or Introversion Personality Traits

The present research aimed to investigate the effect of background Mozart Classical music on translator students' performance. In this study, the researchers focused not only on the relationship between music and translation but also on the relationship between music and personality traits. The main question this study tried to answer was whether using background music might enhance students' translation scores. To answer this question, 32 students from Islamic Azad University of Quchan, Iran, participated in this study. They were selected out of 40 students, employing Nelson proficiency test and were randomly assigned to two groups. The participants in experimental group were asked to translate three texts accompanied by background music, but the subjects in the control group were asked to translate the same texts without background music during three sessions. Students’ translations were scored based on Kim's (2009) meaning-oriented translation assessment model. Statistical analyses were applied for qualitative data and an interview was designed for the qualitative research question. Researchers concluded that there was a significant difference between the translation scores of the experimental and control groups. The former outperformed the latter group on the translation task

The effect of government spending on macroeconomic stability

Macroeconomic stability plays essential role on the performance of governments and attaining economic development. Therefore, governments can displace the demand curve and achieve different goals such as economic development and growth by considering financial instruments, which are available for them. Thus, the present study aims at investigating the effect of government spending on the stability of macro-economy for the time interval 1979-2011 using the Johansen-Juselius method. The results indicate that the variables of goods price index and services as well as government investment spending had positive effects and variables of exchange free rate, government consumption spending, and government tax revenues had negative effects on economic development

Investigating the effect of hydroclimatological variables on Urmia Lake water level using wavelet coherence measure

In this paper, wavelet transform coherence is implemented to examine the impacts of hydroclimatological variables on water level fluctuations in two large saline lakes in the Middle East with a similar geographical location, namely, Urmia Lake in north-west Iran, which has an extremely simple ecological pyramid where water level decrease produces a very sensitive ecosystem, and Van Lake in north-east Turkey. The present study investigates trends in higher order moments of hydrological time series. The aim of this paper is to investigate the complexity of Urmia Lake water level time series which could lead to decrease fluctuations of time series. To this end, the strength and relationships between five hydroclimatological variables, including rainfall, runoff, temperature, relative humidity, as well as evaporation and water level fluctuations in the lakes were determined and discussed in terms of high common power region, phase relationships, and local multi-scale correlations. The results showed that among the hydroclimatological variables, runoff has the most coherencies (0.9–1) with water level fluctuations in the lakes. Although both lakes are located in a similar climatic region, for the recent 15 years, adverse trend in water level fluctuations of Urmia Lake indicates a critical condition for this lake.No sponso

بررسی اثر علی رهبری اخلاقی بر معنی‌داری شغلی، رفتار یادگیری گروهی و هویت سازمانی با آزمون نقش میانجی عدالت

Background and Aim: In previous studies, the relationship between ethical leadership as the most important factor in the survival and success of organizations, with job meaningfulness, group learning behaviour and organizational identity, with the mediating role of justice has not been studied much. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the causal effect of ethical leadership on job meaningfulness, group learning behaviour and organizational identity in the presence of the mediating variable of justice. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-correlation research. The samples included 186 staff members of Imam Reza Hospital in Urmia who were selected by stratified random sampling method. The data were collected through the questionnaires of ethical leadership, justice, job meaningfulness, group learning behaviour and organizational identity. Consequently, the data were analysed employing LISREL 18.8 software using structural equation modellin. Ethical Considerations: In this study, ethical concerns such as explaining the research objectives, providing informed consent form, voluntary participation and ensuring the confidentiality of information were taken into consideration. Findings: The findings indicate that the role of justice in mediating the relationship between ethical leadership and group learning behaviour, job meaningfulness and organizational identity in the structural equation model has been confirmed. In addition, there has been a significant relationship between ethical leadership and justice (coefficient=0.53). Job meaningfulness has had a positive impact on justice as well (coefficient=0.36). Furthermore, justice has had a significant positive impact on group learning behaviour (coefficient=0.82), job meaningfulness (coefficient=0.43) and organizational identity (coefficient=0.60). Conclusion: The results showed that the mediating variable of justice has a significant role in explaining the influence of ethical leadership on job meaningfulness, group learning behaviour and organizational identity among the hospital staff. Therefore, we suggest that the organisation adopt appropriate strategies in selecting managers and improving their ethical leadership dimension.   Cite this article as: Vakili T, Hasani M, Ghasemzade A, Ebn Abbasi Z. Investigating the Causal Effect of Ethical Leadership on Job Meaningfulness, Group Learning Behavior and Organizational Identity by Examining the Mediating Role of Justice. Faslnamah-i akhlaq-i pizishki. 2021; 15(46): e28.زمینه و هدف: در پژوهش‌های پیشین ارتباط بین رهبری اخلاقی به عنوان مهم‏ترین عامل تدوام حیات و استمرار موفقیت سازمان‏ها با معنی‌داری شغلی، رفتار یادگیری گروهی و هویت سازمانی با نقش میانجی عدالت کمتر مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. بنابراین، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر علی رهبری اخلاقی بر معنی‌داری شغلی، رفتار یادگیری گروهی و هویت سازمانی در حضور متغیر میانجی عدالت انجام شده ‏است. مواد و روش‌‌ها: این پژوهش با روش توصیفی ـ همبستگی انجام شد. نمونه‌ها شامل 186 نفر از کارکنان بیمارستان امام رضا شهر ارومیه بودند که به روش تصادفی طبقه‏ای نسبتی انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها از طریق پرسشنامه‌های رهبری اخلاقی، عدالت، معنی‌داری شغلی، رفتار یادگیری گروهی و هویت سازمانی جمع‏آوری گردید. داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار Lisre l8/8 و با استفاده از مدل معادلات ساختاری مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. ملاحظات اخلاقی: در این مطالعه ملاحظات اخلاقی همانند توضیح اهداف تحقیق، تکمیل فرم رضایت آگاهانه، مشارکت داوطلبانه و اطمینان در مورد محرمانه‌بودن اطلاعات رعایت گردید. یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان داد که نقش میانجی عدالت در رابطه بین رهبری اخلاقی با رفتار یادگیری گروهی، معنی‌داری شغلی و هویت سازمانی در مدل معادلات ساختاری تأیید می‌شود. همچنین بین رهبری اخلاقی با عدالت رابطه معنی‌دار (ضریب=53/0) دیده شد. معنی‌داری شغلی دارای اثر مثبت بر عدالت (ضریب=36/0) می‌باشد، به علاوه عدالت دارای اثر مثبت معنی‌دار بر رفتار یادگیری گروهی (ضریب=82/0)، معنی‌داری شغلی (ضریب=43/0) و هویت سازمانی (ضریب=60/0) می‌باشد. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد مکانیزم میانجی عدالت نقش قابل توجهی در توضیح نفوذ رهبری اخلاقی بر معنی‌داری شغلی، رفتار یادگیری گروهی و هویت سازمانی بین کارکنان بیمارستان دارد. پیشنهاد می‌شود راهبردهای مناسب برای انتخاب مدیران و بهبود بعد رهبری اخلاقی در آنان اتخاذ گردد

Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Quality of Life in Residents of Geriatric Homes, Ahvaz, Iran

Objectives: Some studies show that quality of life in elderly can change due to aging process and its natural limitations. There are many methods to improve quality of life in old age, and doing simple physical exercises are among the easiest and the most cost effective methods that can improve quality of life in old persons. This study investigates the effect of aerobic exercise on quality of life in 60-75 years old residents of geriatric homes, Ahvaz, Iran 1389. Methods & Materials: In this study SF36 questionnaire was administrated to a randomly selected sample of 50 residents of geriatric homes in Ahvaz, Iran, 1389. These sample were randomly allocated to two groups: the experimental group (n=25) and control group (n=25). The members of experimental group received exercise for 8 weeks (three sessions per week). Quality of life measured in both groups before and after intervention. Data was analyzed by use of independent sample t- test and paired t-test. Results: Results did not show a significant difference between two groups in mean of the quality of life levels before intervention (P>0.05), however, this difference changed significantly inconsequent to intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the result of the study, exercise program was effective to promote elderly quality of life levels, therefore it can be used as simple and complementary method for improving elderly quality of life

Correction factors determination for panoramic radiography using a phantom of mandible

&quot;nBackground and Aim: Image distortion is one of the major problems in panoramic radiography. Horizontal and vertical correction factors could be determined for more efficient clinical applications. The purpose of this study was to determine horizontal and vertical correction factors in panoramic radiography. &quot;nMaterials and Methods: In this test evaluation study in which an asymetric mandibular phantom was constructed by plexiglass and aluminium as soft and hard tissue equivalents. The right half was slightly shorter than the left half. Steel markers were installed to make vertical and horizontal measurments possible.The length of the markers as well as the intermarker distances were measured by Mitutoyo digital micrometer which was accurate within &amp;plusmn;0.05mm. The phantom was then positioned in PM 2002 cc proline (Planmeca, Finland) panoramic machine and panoramic images were obtained. 8 times for each half of the phan. The same length and inter marker distances were measured on digitized panoramic images by Cygnus software, which was accurate whitin &amp;plusmn;0.01 mm. Magnification and correction factors were determined for the vertical and horizontal dimensions in each region of pantomograms. &quot;nResults: The mean vertical correction factor was 0.77&amp;plusmn;0.02 (range: 0.75-0.80) in the right and 0.77&amp;plusmn;0.05 (range: 0.75-0.85) in the left half jaw. The mean horizontal correction factor was calculated as 0.98&amp;plusmn;0.15 (range:&quot;n0.76-1.18) in the right and 1.02&amp;plusmn;0.14 (range: 0.90-1.25) in the left half jaw. &quot;nConclusion: Dissimilarity of vertical and horizontal correction factors among left and right half jaws and also in different regions of a half jaw is relatively considerable. However, a constant correction factor, specialy in horizontal aspect, could not be applicable. Comparing with horizontal correction factors the vertical correction factors showed less variations between different regions as well as different samples