Kliničko i patohistološko istraživanje očnih novotvorina u mliječnih goveda

The aim of this study was to show the natural occurrence of ocular neoplasms in dairy cattle kept in 8 dairy farms around Tehran consisting of approximately 5000 dairy cows, over a period of two years. Animal characteristics, type of husbandry and climatic conditions were recorded. Tumours were removed surgically and examined grossly and microscopically. In the present study 32 cases of ocular neoplasms were diagnosed. The affected animals were female (100%), adult and more than 50% of them aged more than five years. In most of the cases (70%) the lesion were located in the nictitating membrane and palpebral conjunctiva. Intraocular invasion was noted in 7 cases (21.87%). Microscopically, in 12 cases out of 32 (37.5%) the tumours were noninvasive squamous cell carcinoma or carcinoma in situ; 18 cases (56.25%) were invasive squamous cell carcinoma; a single case (3.12%) was lymphosarcoma while a further single case (3.12%) was malignant hemangioendothelioma. The grade of malignancy was assessed for each case of neoplasms based on descriptions appearing in the literature. Most of the ocular neoplasms diagnosed were squamous cell carcinoma, mostly located in the nictitating membrane and palpebral conjunctiva.Cilj istraživanja bio je prikazati pojavu očnih novotvorina u tijeku dvije godine u približno pet tisuća mliječnih goveda držanih na osam mliječnih farmi u okolici Teherana. Prikazane su osnovne značajke životinja, tip uzgoja i klimatski uvjeti. Tumori su bili kirurški uklonjeni te pretraženi makroskopski i mikroskopski. Novotvorine oka ustanovljene su u 32 goveda od kojih je više od 50% bilo starijih od pet godina. Promjene su u većini slučajeva (70%) bile smještene na trećoj očnoj vjeđi i spojnicama. Intraokularne promjene zabilježene su u sedam slučajeva (21,87%). Mikroskopski je u 12 (37,5%) slučajeva ustanovljen neinvazivni skvamozni karcinom ili karcinom in situ, u 18 (56,25%) invazivni skvamozni karcinom, u jednom (3,12%) je ustanovljen limfosarkom te također u jednom (3,12%) slučaju bio je ustanovljen maligni hemangioendoteliom. Stupanj malignosti za svaki tumor bio je određen na osnovi literaturnih opisa. Većinom je dijagnosticiran skvamozni karcinom, pretežno smješten na trećoj očnoj vjeđi i spojnicama vjeđa

Single-Layer versus Double-Layer Laparoscopic Intracorporeally Sutured Gastrointestinal Anastomoses in the Canine Model

This study shows that the 1-layer gastrointestinal suture technique is feasible, safe and has fewer complications compared with a 2-layer suture technique

Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux using calcium hydroxyl apatite in dogs

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Injection of biomaterial to suburetral region, using minimally invasive procedure, has become an interesting topic for urologists to treat vesicoureteral reflux. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of injecting newly introduced calcium hydroxyl apatite to suburetral region, for treating an experimentally induced vesicoureteral reflux in dogs.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>Bilateral vesicoureteral refluxed (VUR) mixed breed dogs (n = 12; 10-15 kg live weight, 3-6 months of age) were selected for this study. The presence and grade of the reflux were determined using cystography. Accordingly, 6 dogs displayed grade 1 & 2 and the other 6 showed grade 3 & 4 bilateral VUR. Every single dog, with bilateral VUR, underwent endoscopic treatment and received an injection of calcium hydroxyl apatite (an Iranian made product) into the left (treated side) and an injection of the similar volume of normal saline in to the right (control side) subureteric space. One week, 3 and 6 months after treatment, cystography was performed. On each occasion, 4 dogs were euthanized by gas inhalation and biopsy samples were collected for histopathological study from ureter, bladder, kidney, lung and spleen in order to investigate the biomaterial migration into different organs. Data were analyzed using Chi-squared test. In control sides, radiographs confirmed the same grade of VUR, found at the initiation of the study. VUR was resolved in 100% (6/6) of Grade 1 & 2 and 83.33% (5/6) of Grade 3 & 4 in treated side. Therefore, the total success rate of this study was 91.67% (11/12). Macroscopic examination of the vesicouretral region of the treated side revealed a firm and consistent biomaterial mass at the site of injection. Histological findings confirmed inflammation at treated side. In contrast, there was no tissue reaction on control side. There was no evidence for biomaterial migration in macroscopic and microscopic observations in this study.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In the present study, a new biocompatible material produced a firm, consist and sustainable biomaterial mass in the suburetral region for treating vesicouretral reflux without any evidence of biomaterial migration.</p

Cochlosoma Infection in a Turkey in Iran

Cochlosoma sp. infection was identified in a single case among 60 stunted diarrheic native turkey poults, Meleagris galopavo. A large number of the flagellated parasites was found free or within the intervillous spaces of the jejunum, ileum and cecum. Moderate enteritis was associated with the parasites. In TEM studies of the parasagittal sections of the parasite, a prominent ventral sucker like disc and flagella emerging from an opening on the ventrodorsal surface of the pyriform uninuclear parasite were found. The morphological characteristics of this protozoan match with those described for Cochlosoma anatis. The parasite could be considered as an intestinal pathogenic protozoan causing stunting and diarrhea in turkeys in Iran

In Vitro Assay of Paecilomyces lilacinus Biocontrol Effects on Fasciola hepatica Eggs Illustrated in Scanning Electron Micrographs

Background: Fascioliasis is a zoonotic disease caused by the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica. Drug resistance, high costs of treatment and economic losses in meat production have emerged the need of alternative control measures into consideration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro ovicidal activity of Paecilomyces lilacinus fungus on F. hepatica eggs. Methods: P. lilacinus isolated from the soil of natural environment was challenged on F. hepatica eggs to observe the bio control effect of nematophagous fungi on trematode helminth eggs. The study was conducted in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, in 2015. Within 21 d of experiment, destructive effects exhibited on the eggshells were investigated using optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Results: The effective role of P. lilacinus on damaging the eggs of F. hepatica was noticed. Conclusion: This finding is promising for advantageous use of nematophagus fungi as a natural constituent in hyper endemic areas for certain helminthic infections like fascioliasis with diverse kinds of herbivores as egg passer hosts