Static eccentricity fault detection in Flux Switching Permanent Magnet machines

This paper studies the effects of static eccentricity (SE) in Flux Switching Permanent Magnet (FSPM) Machines to propose a criterion for fault detection. SE is one of the most common mechanical faults in electrical machines on. In order to achieve this goal, the proposed machine is studied under different degrees of static eccentricity fault to analyze machine condition. Finite element modeling (FEM) as the most accurate numerical approach is used to obtain precise results. The magnetic flux distribution of rotor and stator are calculated. In addition, air-gap flux density as a parameter which has a direct impact on back-EMF is assessed by using finite element analysis (FEA). It is found that static eccentricity has noticeable influences on back-EMF of coils of the machine. Furthermore, Fourier analysis is performed in order to achieve appropriate index for the diagnosis process. The results are provided for the healthy machine and the machine with different values of SE and the proposed index has been derived for the fault detection process in the machine

The Harmful Impacts of Microplastics in the Marine Environment- A Review

Microplastics as emerging and unfamiliar contaminants have been considered by researchers during the last decades. These small particles and fragments, typically have a size less than 5 mm and could penetrate into the marine environments by different ways, threatening the environment and animal health. Therefore, in this study, according to the studies by different researchers, this pollutant is introduced and some of its effects are mentioned in marine environments. One impacts of microplastics on marine organisms, such as marine vertebrates and invertebrates, arise from direct ingestion of plastic fragmentS by the marine biota leading into internal injuries. They also can have negative effects on the distribution of certain species of marine organisms, which they oviposit on the surface of these contaminants. Chemical adsorption is the most important impact of microplastics in marine environments, which not only transfers pollution, but also increases environmental resistance of these contaminants. Recent research works on the effects of microplastics pollution in the marine environment emphesis that permanent and continous monitoring of these materials and discovery of the pollution hotspots is crucial in environmental issues

PV Maximum Power-Point Tracking by Using Artificial Neural Network

In this paper, using artificial neural network (ANN) for tracking of maximum power point is discussed. Error back propagation method is used in order to train neural network. Neural network has advantages of fast and precisely tracking of maximum power point. In this method neural network is used to specify the reference voltage of maximum power point under different atmospheric conditions. By properly controling of dc-dc boost converter, tracking of maximum power point is feasible. To verify theory analysis, simulation result is obtained by using MATLAB/SIMULINK

A Comparative Study of Three Standards of Data Security in Health Systems

Introduction: The increasing influence of ICT on health and changing information systems to electrical form makes using the information, data transmission, and also preparation printouts of information so easy that the importance of internal and external disclosure policy, data security, and confidentiality standards in these systems have been doubled. Method: At the beginning of research, all the combinations of key words were searched, then the history and importance of the health data security standards were studied. So the most prevalent and reliable standards were selected to perform the full text. For the next step the researchers extracted the properties which were used to be compared with the selected standards and finally the comparison was discussed. Results: PCI-DSS, HIPAA, and ISO-27799:2008 properties were classified in 8 groups and 25 subgroups. ISO-27799:2008 was attended to all properties in Encryption group, but HIPAA was just attended to Encryption in storage, and asymmetric key, and PCI-DSS was considered on Encryption in storage, using Hash algorithm and use of asymmetric key. Operation system security was considered only in HIPAA. Only PCI-DSS standard considered RFID and DNS security and cell phone security, and PCI-DSS as well as ISO-27799:2008 considered wireless networks security. Conclusion: One can use the standard that is stronger in context. So, it is recommended to use PCI-DSS for cell phone or PDA systems, and ISO-27799:2008 or PCI-DSS for wireless networks. It is better for security in operation systems to use HIPAA. Combined standard with all these three standards aspects can be used as the safest approach

Comparison of success rate of three methods of nasogastric intubation

Introduction: Insertion of a nasogastric tube (NGT) sometimes will be difficult in patients who are anesthetized or comatose. The tube entraps in the pyriform sinuses and, thus, coils inside the oral cavity. Several methods have been offered to increase the success rate of the procedure. The aim of this study was to compare the success rate of three methods of NGT insertion. Materials and Methods: In a prospective clinical trial study, 162 patients who needed NGT insertion were randomly divided into three groups: Contorl, D and M groups. In the control group, insertion of the tube was done with the head of the patient in the normal position. In D and M groups, NGT were conducted through the pharynx towards the esophagus by digital assistance and by Magills forceps, respectively. Results: the success rates in the control, D and M groups were 70%, 94% and 81%, respectively. The differences between D group and the control and M groups were significant. Conclusion: NGT insertion by digital assistance is recommended as first choice fornasogastric intubation in anesthetized and comatose patients due to facility and low cost

Effect of topology on strength and energy absorption of PA12 non-auxetic strut-based lattice structures

With the increasing development of additive manufacturing (AM) technology, lattice structure (LS) emerged and expanded as a subset of cellular materials. LSs' mechanical properties mainly depend on the relative density, the unit cell topology, the manufacturing processes, and the base material. In this research, PA12 lattice structures with non-auxetic strut-based topologies, including BCC, FCC, FCCz, FBCC, FBCCz, FBCCxyz, and OT, were manufactured by selective laser sintering (SLS) and were tested under quasi-static compression. Data from the compression test was analyzed and investigated to achieve mechanical properties such as strength, elastic modulus, and absorbed energy. OT has the highest yield strength (4.07 MPa), ultimate strength (4.53 MPa), specific ultimate strength (10.11 MPa), elastic modulus (0.099 GPa), specific elastic modulus (0.221 GPa), and plateau stress (9.98 MPa) among the investigated sturt-based topologies. BCC has the lowest properties. The absorbed energy (W) for OT and FBCCxyz is higher than in other topologies. FBCCz has the highest volumetric energy absorption (WV) (0.284 MJ/m3) up to the strain of the UTS point, and FCCz has the lowest (0.152 MJ/m3). The finite element method (FEM)-based ABAQUS software was used to simulate the behavior of LSs under compression test. Also, SEM micrographs of struts' fractured surfaces in the CP lattice block were investigated. In most strut-based LSs, the failure mechanism is the layer-by-layer failure of rows. According to finite element modeling results, stress concentration occurred in the nodes and adjacent areas, making cracks, and fractography exhibited ductile fracture in these regions

Effect of different integrated weed management methods on weed density and yield of sugar beet crop

In order to compare different weed management methods in sugar beet, two experiments were conducted at mashhad for two years in 2005-2006 and 2006-2007. Each experiment designed as a Complete Randomized Block with three replication. The treatments include: Metamitron(Goltix) plus Phenmedipham (Betanal) (Gol+Bet), Goltix plus Cultivation (Gol+Cu), Disk plus Betanal (Di+Bet), Disk plus Cultivation(Di+Cu), Cover Crop plus Betanal (Co+Bet), Cover Crop plus Cultivation (Co+Cu), Weeding (W) and Betanal plus Weeding (Bet+W). Samplings were taken at three stages early season, after imposing the treatments and late season. Results showed that at early season in two experiments, density of weeds was lower in cover crop and disk treatment compared with other treats and the second sampling in first experiment, weeding and disk plus cultivation of treatments with 21.5 and 26.6 respectively plants per m2 and in second experiment year, weeding and application betanal plus weeding treatments, with 14 and 17.8 respectively plant in m2 showed the lowest. In the second experiment year, minimum and maximum sugar beet yield were obtained with cover crop plus betanal and weeding with 43 and 104 ton per hectare respectively. The lowest yield was obtained in check plots with 3.5ton per hectare. Maximum sugar contain (19.35%) was obtained in betanal herbicide plus cultivation treatment and minimum (14.88%) was obtained with hand weeding treatment. However maximum sugar beet yield was obtained with betanal plus weeding (17.85 ton per hectare) and the minimum with cover crop plus betanal (7.5 ton per hectare).\ud \ud Key words: integrated weed management, cover crop, herbicide, cultivation, sugar beet