PROTOCOL: Effectiveness of interpersonal psychotherapy in comparison to other psychological and pharmacological interventions for reducing depressive symptoms in women diagnosed with postpartum depression in low and middle‐income countries: A systematic review

Postpartum Depression (PPD) is highly prevalent among women in low and middle income countries (LMICs). World Heath Organization has recognised interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) as the first line treatment for the postpartum depression. The primary aim of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of IPT alone or in combination with pharmacotherapy or other psychosocial therapies for treating depressive symptoms in women with postpartum depression. The generated evidence from this review will help to inform policies in relation to the treatment of postpartum depression in LMICs

Geochemical evaluation of the surface erosion for a hidden Cu-Au porphyry deposit using soil samples along with 3D ore-body modeling

Abstract As the exploration process is time-consuming, costly, and risky, determination of the erosion surface of a metallic deposit before geophysical survey and exploration drilling might be very helpful. Therefore, one can use geochemical halos to determine if the surface erosion is a supra-ore or sub-ore and reduce the risk of exploration operations. The aim of this paper is to determine the erosion surface of the North ROK porphyry deposit (NRPD) in north-western British Columbia in Canada using linear productivity (LP) as the content of an element defining the halo multiplied by the width of the halo in meters. Thus, the 2045 soil samples from the B horizon were analyzed using ICP-MS for 36 elements such as Cu, Mo, Pb, Zn, Au, As, Ag, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, and some other elements. First, the dataset were analyzed to obtain the statistical parameters, and the elements Cu, Mo, Pb, and Zn were chosen to calculate the linear productivity and the total linear productivity. Then, the aforementioned elements were modeled using the probability plot to identify and separate subpopulations in terms of anomalous halos and background including the threshold values of each subpopulation. The results of the probability plot modeling and thresholds values were then used to map the distribution of each element in GIS to calculate the linear productivity. The total linear productivity was calculated which indicates the erosion surface as supra-ore. Finally, the borehole data was used for a 3D ore-body modeling of the elements Cu, Mo, Pb, and Zn which validate and demonstrate the obtained results

Differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into erythroid cells

During the last years, several strategies have been made to obtain mature erythrocytes or red blood cells (RBC) from the bone marrow or umbilical cord blood (UCB). However, UCB-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are a limited source and in vitro large-scale expansion of RBC from HSC remains problematic. One promising alternative can be human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) that provide an unlimited source of cells. Human PSCs, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are self-renewing progenitors that can be differentiated to lineages of ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Several previous studies have revealed that human ESCs can differentiate into functional oxygen-carrying erythrocytes; however, the ex vivo expansion of human ESC-derived RBC is subjected to ethical concerns. Human iPSCs can be a suitable therapeutic choice for the in vitro/ex vivo manufacture of RBCs. Reprogramming of human somatic cells through the ectopic expression of the transcription factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC, LIN28, and NANOG) has provided a new avenue for disease modeling and regenerative medicine. Various techniques have been developed to generate enucleated RBCs from human iPSCs. The in vitro production of human iPSC-derived RBCs can be an alternative treatment option for patients with blood disorders. In this review, we focused on the generation of human iPSC-derived erythrocytes to present an overview of the current status and applications of this field. © 2020, The Author(s)