Charge-spin correlation in van der Waals antiferromagenet NiPS3

Strong charge-spin coupling is found in a layered transition-metal trichalcogenide NiPS3, a van derWaals antiferromagnet, from our study of the electronic structure using several experimental and theoretical tools: spectroscopic ellipsometry, x-ray absorption and photoemission spectroscopy, and density-functional calculations. NiPS3 displays an anomalous shift in the optical spectral weight at the magnetic ordering temperature, reflecting a strong coupling between the electronic and magnetic structures. X-ray absorption, photoemission and optical spectra support a self-doped ground state in NiPS3. Our work demonstrates that layered transition-metal trichalcogenide magnets are a useful candidate for the study of correlated-electron physics in two-dimensional magnetic material.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figur

A case of modified advancement flap for an auricular skin defect

The auricle is susceptible to damage because of its position in the body. Reconstruction of auricular defects, especially on the anterior side, is challenging considering the thin skin compartment and complex topography. Various techniques can be used for reconstruction, of which local flaps are preferred owing to their excellent outcomes. We report a case of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the cavum concha that was successfully reconstructed with a modified advancement flap technique. We would like to share our experience and suggest the modified advancement flap as an option for reconstruction

The association between the risk perceptions of COVID-19, trust in the government, political ideologies, and socio-demographic factors: A year-long cross-sectional study in South Korea

Risk perception research, targeting the general public, necessitates the study of the multi-faceted aspects of perceived risk through a holistic approach. This study aimed to investigate the association between the two dimensions of risk perception of COVID-19, i.e., risk as a feeling and analysis, trust in the current government, political ideologies, and socio-demographic factors in South Korea. This study used a year-long repeated cross-sectional design, in which a national sample (n = 23,018) participated in 23 consecutive telephone surveys from February 2020 to February 2021. Most factors differed in the magnitude and direction of their relationships with the two dimensions of risk perception. However, trust in the current government, alone, delineated an association in the same direction for both dimensions, i.e., those with a lower level of trust exhibited higher levels of cognitive and affective risk perception. Although these results did not change significantly during the one-year observation period, they are related to the political interpretation of risk. This study revealed that affective and cognitive risk perceptions addressed different dimensions of risk perception. These findings could help governments and health authorities better understand the nature and mechanisms of public risk perception when implementing countermeasures and policies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and other public health emergencies

SnO2-TiO(2 )Hybrid Electron Transport Layer for Efficient and Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells

Inorganic electron transport layers (ETLs), such as titanium dioxide(TiO2) and tin dioxide (SnO2), are important in n-i-p structured perovskitesolar cells (PSCs). In particular, the ETLs forflexible PSCs (f-PSCs) using apolymer substrate require strong adhesion with a transparent conducting oxide(TCO) and formation of a uniform thinfilm at a temperature below 150 degrees C.Hence, SnO2colloidal nanoparticles are primarily used to meet these demands.Nevertheless, there exist further opportunities for improvement in terms ofefficiency, uniform coating, and adhesion on TCO. In this study, we prepared aSnO2-TiO2hybrid electrode by adding a certain amount of TiO2nanosol, whichfunctions as an inorganic binder, to a SnO2colloidal solution. In comparison withthe SnO2colloid alone, f-PSC fabricated with a SnO2-TiO2hybrid electrodedemonstrated not only better mechanical reliability against bending due to strongadhesion to the substrate but also greatly improved efficiency because of improvedenergy alignment. Eventually, the SnO2-TiO2hybrid electrode resulted in an efficiency of 21.02% and even an efficiency ofover 16% in a mini-module (7x7cm2) due to the uniform coating over a large area. This study provides a new strategy for theETL of high-efficiency f-PSC

Synthesis of monodisperse chromium nanoparticles from the thermolysis of a Fischer carbene complex

We successfully synthesized monodisperse chromium nanoparticles from the thermolysis of a Fischer carbene complex.

Thermal radical initiator derivatives based on O-imino-isourea: Synthesis, polymerization, and characterization

The new thermal radical initiators (TRIs) with linear and cyclic type groups based on derivatives of O-imino-isourea have been designed and synthesized. The radical polymerization property of the synthesized TRI derivatives as a radical initiator in n-butyl acrylate was monitored by differential scanning calorimetry analysis. TRI derivatives with linear type groups, such as 3-PenDCC, 3-HexDCC, and 4-HepDCC, showed peak temperatures (T-peak) of 80-84 degrees C, whereas those with cyclic type groups, such as C-PenDCC, C-HexDCC, and C-HepDCC, exhibited a wide T-peak distribution in the 74-87 degrees C range. The polymerization efficiency using new TRIs in n-butyl acrylate was elaborately identified from the molecular weights and conversion obtained using gel permeation chromatography analysis and NMR spectroscopy. To consider their possible application to automotive clearcoats, the real-time evolution of the rheological properties of clearcoat resins during the crosslinking process with newly synthesized TRI derivatives was measured, confirming the different crosslinking kinetics of TRI derivatives in real thermal curing process. The results were found to be well correlated with data from the radical polymerization experiments of TRIs.clos

Alzheimer’s Disease and Different Types of Cancer Likelihood: Unveiling Disparities and Potential Protective Effects in a Korean Cohort Study

The link between Alzheimer’s disease and cancer risk is a concern in public health. However, research has yielded limited and sometimes contrasting results, suggesting the need for more validation. We analyzed a large cohort to examine the long-term association between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and the risk of developing cancer. In total, 24,664 AD patients and 98,656 control participants were selected from the National Health Insurance Cohort database of Korea, spanning from 2002 to 2019. Propensity score matching and overlap-weighted adjustment techniques were used to balance the standardized differences between the AD and control groups. The Cox proportional hazards model was applied to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for various cancers, considering relevant covariates. Results indicated that patients with AD had a significantly lower likelihood of overall malignancy (HR 0.63; 95% CI, 0.59–0.68) and each of the 10 site-specific cancers compared to the control group. Among these, pancreatic cancer (HR, 0.50) exhibited the strongest inverse association, followed by hepatic (HR, 0.60), gastric (HR, 0.63), kidney (HR, 0.63), lung (HR, 0.64), thyroid (HR, 0.65), colorectal (HR, 0.67), gallbladder and biliary duct (HR, 0.73), hematologic malignancy (HR, 0.73), and bladder cancers (HR, 0.76). This protective effect against certain organ-specific cancers persisted over the 16-year follow-up period, except for in kidney cancer and hematologic malignancies. The protective effect against specific cancer types (gastric, colorectal, lung, hepatic, and pancreatic) was more prominent in individuals aged 60 years and older, regardless of their sex. However, there were some variations in the specific types of cancer observed between males and females. In summary, Korean patients with AD had a lower risk of cancer, especially in individuals 60 years and older, during the 16-year follow-up period