Das Eheschließungs- und Ehescheidungsverhalten in der Stadt Essen im Zeitvergleich

Der Wandel des Eheschließungs- und Ehescheidungsverhaltens und die damit einhergehende Veränderung der Haushalts- und Familienstrukturen hat Auswirkungen auf vielerlei Bereiche der Kommunalpolitik, z.B. im Hinblick auf den Bedarf an Kinderganztagsbetreuung, Erziehungshilfe, Altenpflege, soziale Dienste und letztendlich auch die Infrastruktur und Wohnraumversorgung. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird das Eheschließungs- und Ehescheidungsverhalten der Bevölkerung in Essen im Zeitvergleich untersucht. Betrachtet werden die Zahlen der Eheschließungen und Ehescheidungen sowie das Heiratsalter von 1930 bis 1994. Anhand der Zahlen wird verdeutlicht, daß die eheliche Lebensgemeinschaft einem Bedeutungswandel unterliegt und immer mehr nur für einen bestimmten, zeitlich begrenzten Lebensabschnitt gewählt wird. (ICA

Impact of lake level change on deep-water renewal and oxic conditions in deep saline Lake Van, Turkey

Changes in the hydrological regime of the saline closed basin Lake Van, a large, deep lake in eastern Turkey, resulted in a lake level increase by about 2 m between 1988 and 1995, followed by a 1.5 m decrease until 2003 and a relatively constant lake level thereafter. Based on measurements of transient tracers (sulfur hexafluoride, CFC-12, 3H, 3He, 4He, Ne), dissolved oxygen, light transmission, conductivity-temperature-depth profiles, and thermistor data, we investigate the implications associated with lake level fluctuations for deep-water renewal and oxygenation. Our data suggest that deep-water renewal was significantly reduced in Lake Van between 1990 and 2005. This change in mixing conditions resulted in the formation of a more than 100 m thick anoxic deep-water body below 325 m depth. Apparently, the freshwater inflows responsible for the lake level rise between 1988 and 1995 decreased the salinity of the surface water sufficiently that the generation of density plumes during winter cooling was substantially reduced compared to that in the years before the lake level rise. Significant renewal and oxygenation of the deep water did not occur until at least 2005, although by 2003 the lake level was back to almost the same level as in 1988. This study suggests that short-term changes in the hydrological regime, resulting in lake level changes of a couple of meters, can lead to significant and long-lasting changes in deep-water renewal and oxic conditions in deep saline lakes

Human Fcγ-receptor IIb modulates pathogen-specific versus self-reactive antibody responses in lyme arthritis

Pathogen-specific antibody responses need to be tightly regulated to generate protective but limit self-reactive immune responses. While loss of humoral tolerance has been associated with microbial infections, the pathways involved in balancing protective versus autoreactive antibody responses in humans are incompletely understood. Studies in classical mouse model systems have provided evidence that balancing of immune responses through inhibitory receptors is an important quality control checkpoint. Genetic differences between inbred mouse models and the outbred human population and allelic receptor variants not present in mice; however, argue for caution when directly translating these findings to the human system. By studying Borrelia burgdorferi infection in humanized mice reconstituted with human hematopoietic stem cells from donors homozygous for a functional or a non-functional Fc gamma Rllb allele, we show that the human inhibitory Fc gamma RIIb is a critical checkpoint balancing protective and autoreactive immune responses, linking infection with induction of autoimmunity in the human immune system

AgriSens - DEMMIN 4.0 Use of remote sensing technologies for digitization in crop production

The digitization of agriculture has been advancing for a number of years, but is not yet being implemented on a large scale in farms in Germany. In the area of spatial data use, the main challenges lie in the inadequate definition of interfaces and in a lack of data and knowledge transfer between science and practice. This is where the “AgriSens - DEMMIN 4.0” project comes in, which is funded by the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) as part of the digital experimental fields. Methods for the use of geospatial data, especially remote sensing data, in crop production are analyzed and newly developed and made available to the farmer in specific applications such as yield estimation, sustainable use of arable land, detection of glacial stones or field-specific irrigation

AgriSens - DEMMIN 4.0 Use of remote sensing technologies for digitization in crop production

The digitization of agriculture has been advancing for a number of years, but is not yet being implemented on a large scale in farms in Germany. In the area of spatial data use, the main challenges lie in the inadequate definition of interfaces and in a lack of data and knowledge transfer between science and practice. This is where the “AgriSens - DEMMIN 4.0” project comes in, which is funded by the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) as part of the digital experimental fields. Methods for the use of geospatial data, especially remote sensing data, in crop production are analyzed and newly developed and made available to the farmer in specific applications such as yield estimation, sustainable use of arable land, detection of glacial stones or field-specific irrigation