Intraoperative use of CT-navigation during percutaneous nephrolitholapaxy with the SIEMENS Healthineers’ ARTIS pheno robotic system

Introduction. Percutaneous nephrolitholapaxy (PNL) is the optimal method in the treatment of large or complex renal stones. Surgical equipment and endoscopic equipment, and specialised tools have been constantly developing since the advent of PNL in 1976, increasing success rates with a decrease in the number of complications and morbidity. Owing to the specificity and complexity of the technique, only 11% of urologists in the USA perform PNL, while in Russian Federation no more than 5% of specialists realise it.Objective. To evaluate the possibilities of using a robot-angiograph to create a puncture access.Materials & methods. In the Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Hospital in 2021, the first PNL was performed in a patient with a left-sided lower calyx stone using the SIEMENS Healthineers’ ARTIS pheno robotic angiograph in a hybrid operating room.  This robotic installation allows the performing of an intraoperative computed tomography examination followed by the construction of a navigation map with a clearly displayed trajectory, length, and angle of inclination of the needle path with automatic positioning of the C-arm.Results. We performed 30 pyelocaliceal punctures using a robotic angiographic installation for PNL. The average age of patients was 56.6 ± 19.0 years. According to MSCT, the lower calyx stone was detected in seven patients, the middle calyx — 13 cases, the upper calyx — seven patients, pelvic stones were recorded in three patients.  The density of stones varied from 877 HU to 1356 HU.  The use of the ARTIS pheno robotic system allows performing intraoperative 3D modelling to determine the safest pyelocaliceal puncture, followed by PNL, regardless of the stone localisation, the complexity of the anatomy. In addition, a CT-like scans allows you to assess the presence of residual stones during the operation and perform a "second look" not in a delayed manner. This system, unlike all existing types of navigation, allows intraoperative evaluation of the effectiveness (stone-free rate) of surgical treatment.Conclusion. The introduction of this navigation system in PNL will minimise the risks of complications from puncture access, reduce the number of repeated interventions, and minimise undesirable consequences in the postoperative period

Long-term follow-up of patients with previous myocarditis using radionuclide ventriculography

A prospective long-term follow-up study is reported of 18 of 19 patients who survived a bout of presumed myocarditis 6–136 months (average 54 months) previously. The study included 14 males and four females, ranging from 27 to 63 years of age (mean, 44 years). Chest X-ray, ECG, echocardiogram, and resting and exercise radionuclide ventricular ejection fraction (RNVEF) for assessment of ventricular function were evaluated at follow-up. Resting and exercise RNVEF from seven control subjects were evaluated for comparison. Residual abnormalities were noted in chest X-ray (16%), echocardiogram (30%), and ECG (55%) in these predominantly asymptomatic patients (17/18 or 95%). The resting RNVEF (mean ±SD) for the myocarditis group versus controls were 0.57±0.1 and 0.65±0.1 ( P =NS), respectively. The exercise RNVED for the myocarditis group versus controls were 0.56±0.1 and 0.74±0.05 ( P <0.01), respectively. Abnormal resting RNVEF was noted in six (33%) and exercise RNVEF in 14 (77%) patients in the myocarditis group. Two patients with abnormal exercise RNVEF subsequently developed findings consistent with dilated cardiomyopathy. It is unclear as to whether the abnormal ventricular function may serve as a marker for future development of dilated cardiomyopathy.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/41583/1/380_2005_Article_BF02072391.pd

Changes in rat myocardium contractility under subchronic intoxication with lead and cadmium salts administered alone or in combination

Subchronic intoxications induced in male rats by repeated intraperitoneal injections of lead acetate and cadmium chloride, administered either alone or in combination, are shown to affect the biochemical, cytological and morphometric parameters of blood, liver, heart and kidneys. The single twitch parameters of myocardial trabecular and papillary muscle preparations were measured in the isometric regime to identify changes in the heterometric (length-force) and chronoinotropic (frequency-force) contractility regulation systems. Differences in the responses of these systems in trabecules and papillary muscles to the above intoxications are shown. A number of myocardium mechanical characteristics changing in rats under the effect of a combined lead-cadmium intoxication and increased proportion of α-myosin heavy chains were observed to normalize fully or partially if such intoxication was induced against background administration of a proposed bioprotective complex. Based on the experimental results and literature data, some assumptions are suggested concerning the mechanisms of the cardiotoxic effects produced by lead and cadmium. © 2020AAAA-A18-118020590031-8, AAAA-A18-118020590031The work was carried out partly within the framework of the IIF UrB RAS theme No AAAA-A18-118020590031-8 and AAAA-A18-118020590031. This work was performed using the equipment of the Shared Research Center of Scientific Equipment SRC IIP UrB RAS

SDS-Page for Myosin Heavy Chains: Fast and Furious

The ratio of myosin heavy chains in different heart chambers was measured using a new fast modification of SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis).Работа выполнена на оборудовании ЦКП ИИФ УрО РАН в рамках госзадания ИИФ Уро РАН №122022200089-4

Mechanical Characteristics of Myosin in Different Heart Chambers of Rats

The sliding velocity of the reconstituted thin filaments over atrial and ventricular myosin was measured using an in vitro motility assay. Mechanical characteristics of the actin-myosin interaction depends on heart chamber. Rats of the same breed, but of different origin, may have a different ratio.Работа выполнена на оборудовании ЦКП ИИФ УрО РАН в рамках госзадания ИИФ Уро РАН №122022200089-4

Cardioinotropic effects in subchronic intoxication of rats with lead and/or cadmium oxide nanoparticles

Subchronic intoxication was induced in outbred male rats by repeated intraperitoneal injections with lead oxide (PbO) and/or cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticles (NPs) 3 times a week during 6 weeks for the purpose of examining its effects on the contractile characteristics of isolated right ventricle trabeculae and papillary muscles in isometric and afterload contractions. Isolated and combined intoxication with these NPs was observed to reduce the mechanical work produced by both types of myocardial preparation. Using the in vitro motility assay, we showed that the sliding velocity of regulated thin filaments drops under both isolated and combined intoxication with CdO– NP and PbO–NP. These results correlate with a shift in the expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms towards slowly cycling β–MHC. The type of CdO–NP + PbO–NP combined cardiotoxicity depends on the effect of the toxic impact, the extent of this effect, the ratio of toxicant doses, and the degree of stretching of cardiomyocytes and muscle type studied. Some indices of combined Pb–NP and CdO–NP cardiotoxicity and general toxicity (genotoxicity included) became fully or partly normalized if intoxication developed against background administration of a bioprotective complex. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.The work was carried out partly within the framework of the IIF UrB RAS themes No AAA?A18?118020590031?8 and AAAA?A18?118020590135?3. This work was performed using the equipment of the Shared Research Center of Scientific Equipment SRC IIP UrB RAS

To solve the problem of driving a car in epilepsy: by liberalization or by tightening the license?

In the modern mobile world, there is no single solution to the problem of issuing a driving license for patients with epilepsy. Most countries do have liberalized laws that allow driving a car to persons with controlled epilepsy. As far as individuals with regular seizures are concerned, there is a temporary prohibition to drive with potential restoration of the driving right if there is no relapse. The existing experience has shown that such strategy can lead not only to higher quality of life of the patients (more than 70% patients with epilepsy has the right to drive a car), but also to ensure the road safety. Even with this quite liberal approach, about 20% of the drivers with epilepsy do not have their epilepsy fully controlled. In the countries with absolute prohibition of the driving in epilepsy, such as the Russian Federation and China, there is no official statistics on the issue. Based on our practical experience, we concluded on a high (at least 35%) prevalence of drivers among patients with epilepsy; this cannot but increase the risk of road accidents, including fatal. Based on a clinical observation, we illustrate the failure of the mechanisms to prevent road accidents related to epilepsy that are currently in force in the Russian Federation. In our opinion, the problem under discussion does not have an exclusively medical solution. Taking into consideration the accumulated world experience, ensuring of the road safety requires that the state law regulations should be in effect that include a differentiated approached to issuing of permissions to drive a car for persons with epilepsy, from one side, and a serious legal treatment of persons with epilepsy who ignore their adequate therapy and become a cause for road accidents inflicting an injury, from the other

ACTIN-MYOSIN INTERACTION IN THE MYOCARDIUM OF THE RIGHT VENTRICLE AT THE COMBINED CHRONIC INTOXICATION OF THE ORGANISM WITH LEAD AND CADMIUM SALTS

Lead and cadmium chronic combined intoxication was modeled by intraperitoneal injection of lead and cadmium salts to rats 3 times a week up to 18 injections. Lead and cadmium combined intoxication changed the maximum velocity and myosin isoforms ratio, and also influenced on calcium activation.Работа выполнена на оборудовании ЦКП ИИФ УрО РАН в рамках темы ИИФ Уро РАН №АААА-А19-119070190064-4