Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Counseling and Testing Program in the Prenatal Setting

Objective: The objectives of this study were to ascertain the acceptance rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) testing in a high-prevalence area and to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of seropositive women diagnosed in the prenatal setting

Effect of elevated blood pressure on quality of life in children with chronic kidney disease

Although hypertension is known to have an adverse impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adults, little is known about the effects of hypertension and use of antihypertensive medications on HRQoL in hypertensive children with chronic kidney disease (CKD)

Association of blood pressure variability and neurocognition in children with chronic kidney disease

Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension have increased blood pressure variability (BPV). Increased BPV has been associated with lower neurocognitive test scores in adults. Children with CKD are at risk for decreased neurocognitive function. Our objective was to determine if children with CKD and increased BPV had worse performance on neurocognitive testing compared with children with CKD and lower BPV

Neurocognitive, Social-Behavioral, and Adaptive Functioning in Preschool Children with Mild to Moderate Kidney Disease

The negative impact of End Stage Kidney Disease on cognitive function in children is well established, but no studies have examined the neurocognitive, social-behavioral, and adaptive behavior skills of preschool children with mild to moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD)

Sleep and Fatigue Symptoms in Children and Adolescents With CKD: A Cross-sectional Analysis From the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study

Although symptoms of sleepiness and fatigue are common among adults with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), little is known about the prevalence of these symptoms in children with CKD

SÍNDROMES DE DISPERSÃO DE ESPÉCIES DE CAATINGA DA CHAPADA DO ARARIPE

O sucesso na dispersão das sementes é de grande importância para a reprodução das plantas, os tipos de dispersão estão associados a características morfológicas de frutos e sementes, sendo assim cada planta possui o tipo de dispersão que possibilite mais chances das sementes alcançarem um lugar com todas as condições necessárias para a sua germinação. O conhecimento acerca dessas características (síndromes) subsidiam políticas de conservação, deste modo, com este trabalho o objetivo foi realizer um compilamento de espécies de Caatinga com respectivos tipos de frutos e de síndromes de dispersão. O estudo englobou áreas de Caatinga existentes na Chapada do Araripe, a qual compreende parte dos estados de Ceará, Pernambuco e Piauí e foi pautado em revisão de literature. Com base nos dados obtidos foram relacionadas 265 espécies, distribuídas em 65 famílias botânicas com destaque para Fabaceae (40 ssp.), Rubiaceae (17ssp.) e Bignoniaceae (16 ssp.). O hábito com maior representação foi o arbustivo, englobando 104 espécies (39,2%) e arbóreo 47 (17,7%). A zoocoria foi a síndrome de dispersão mais frequente (50,5%), representada por 134 das espécies. A cápsula foi o tipo de fruto mais representativo sendo descrito para 83 (31,3%) das espécies compiladas. Os dados revelam que ainda são escassos estudos relacionados as síndromes de dispersão em áreas de Caatinga no Ceará, a despeito de sua rica biodiversidade e da importãncia dos mesmos para o entendimento da dinâmica desse ambiente. Os resultados reafirmam a estreita relação envolvendo flora e fauna e consequente importância do desenvolvimento de políticas publicas voltadas a proteção desse ambiente.

Duration of chronic kidney disease reduces attention and executive function in pediatric patients

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in childhood is associated with neurocognitive deficits. Affected children show worse performance on tests of intelligence than their unaffected siblings and skew toward the lower end of the normal range. Here we further assessed this association in 340 pediatric patients (ages 6 to 21) with mild-moderate CKD in The Chronic Kidney Disease in Childhood cohort from 48 pediatric centers in North America. Participants underwent a battery of age-appropriate tests including Conner’s Continuous Performance Test-II (CPT-II), Delis- Kaplan Executive Function System Tower task, and the Digit Span Backwards task from the age-appropriate Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Test performance was compared across the range of estimated GFR and duration of CKD with relevant covariates including maternal education, household income, IQ, blood pressure and preterm birth. Among the 340 patients, 35% had poor performance (below the mean by1.5 or more standard deviations) on at least one test of executive function. By univariate nonparametric comparison and multiple logistic regression, longer duration of CKD was associated with increased odds ratio for poor performance on the CPT-II Errors of Commission, a test of attention regulation and inhibitory control. Thus, in a population with mild to moderate CKD, the duration of disease rather than estimated GFR was associated with impaired attention regulation and inhibitory control

• Plantas herbáceas fixadoras de dunas-Extremoz-Rio Grande do Norte-Brasil

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Neurocognition in children with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease in the CKiD cohort study

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is an inherited disorder characterized by enlarged, cystic kidneys with progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD), systemic hypertension, and congenital hepatic fibrosis. Children with ARPKD can have early onset CKD and severe hypertension, both of which are known to have adverse neurocognitive effects. Objectives of this study were to (1) determine whether ARPKD patients have greater neurocognitive deficits compared to that of children with other causes of CKD, and (2) examine the relative prevalence of hypertension in ARPKD, a known risk factor for neurocognitive dysfunction

The Impact of Short Stature on Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease

To compare the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children with CKD and short stature (SS) to children with CKD and normal height (NH), to evaluate the impact of catch up growth and growth hormone use on HRQoL, and to describe the concordance of perceptions of HRQoL between children with SS and NH and their parents