17,777 research outputs found
Inhomogeneity and transverse voltage in superconductors
Voltages parallel and transverse to electric current in slightly
inhomogeneous superconductors can contain components proportional to the field
and temperature derivatives of the longitudinal and Hall resistivities. We show
that these anomalous contributions can be the origin of the zero field and
even-in-field transverse voltage occasionally observed at the superconductor to
normal state transition. The same mechanism can also cause an anomaly in the
odd-in-field transverse voltage interfering the Hall effect signal.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure
Asymmetric field dependence of magnetoresistance in magnetic films
We study an asymmetric in field magnetoresistance that is frequently observed
in magnetic films and, in particular, the odd longitudinal voltage peaks that
appear during magnetization reversal in ferromagnetic films, with out-of-plane
magnetic anisotropy. We argue that the anomalous signals result from small
variation of magnetization and Hall resistivity along the sample. Experimental
data can be well described by a simple circuit model, the latter being
supported by analytic and numerical calculations of current and electric field
distribution in films with a gradual variation of the magnetization and Hall
resistance.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.
He Scattering from Random Adsorbates, Disordered Compact Islands and Fractal Submonolayers: Intensity Manifestations of Surface Disorder
A theoretical study is made on He scattering from three fundamental classes
of disordered ad-layers: (a) Translationally random adsorbates, (b) disordered
compact islands and (c) fractal submonolayers. The implications of the results
to experimental studies of He scattering from disordered surfaces are
discussed, and a combined experimental-theoretical study is made for Ag
submonolayers on Pt(111). Some of the main theoretical findings are: (1)
Structural aspects of the calculated intensities from translationally random
clusters were found to be strongly correlated with those of individual
clusters. (2) Low intensity Bragg interference peaks appear even for scattering
from very small ad-islands, and contain information on the ad-island local
electron structure. (3) For fractal islands, just as for islands with a
different structure, the off-specular intensity depends on the parameters of
the He/Ag interaction, and does not follow a universal power law as previously
proposed in the literature. In the experimental-theoretical study of Ag on
Pt(111), we use first experimental He scattering data from low-coverage (single
adsorbate) systems to determine an empirical He/Ag-Pt potential of good
quality. Then, we carry out He scattering calculations for high coverage and
compare with experiments. The conclusions are that the actual experimental
phase corresponds to small compact Ag clusters of narrow size distribution,
translationally disordered on the surface.Comment: 36 double-spaced pages, 10 figures; accepted by J. Chem. Phys.,
scheduled to appear March 8. More info available at
http://www.fh.huji.ac.il/~dani
Magnetization driven metal - insulator transition in strongly disordered Ge:Mn magnetic semiconductors
We report on the temperature and field driven metal-insulator transition in
disordered Ge:Mn magnetic semiconductors accompanied by magnetic ordering,
magnetoresistance reaching thousands of percents and suppression of the
extraordinary Hall effect by a magnetic field. Magnetoresistance isotherms are
shown to obey a universal scaling law with a single scaling parameter depending
on temperature and fabrication. We argue that the strong magnetic disorder
leads to localization of charge carriers and is the origin of the unusual
properties of Ge:Mn alloys.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Structure Determination of Disordered Metallic Sub-Monolayers by Helium Scattering: A Theoretical and Experimental Study
An approach based on He scattering is used to develop an atomic-level
structural model for an epitaxially grown disordered sub-monolayer of Ag on
Pt(111) at 38K. Quantum scattering calculations are used to fit structural
models to the measured angular intensity distribution of He atoms scattered
from this system. The structure obtained corresponds to narrowly size-dispersed
compact clusters with modest translational disorder, and not to fractals which
might be expected due to the low surface temperature. The clusters have up to
two layers in height, the lower one having few defects only. The relations
between specific features of the angular scattering distribution, and
properties such as the cluster sizes and shapes, the inter-cluster distance
distribution etc., are discussed. The results demonstrate the usefulness of He
scattering as a tool for unraveling new complex surface phases.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Surf. Sci. Lett. Related papers
available at http://neon.cchem.berkeley.edu/~dani/He-papers.htm
LORE: A Compound Object Authoring and Publishing Tool for the Australian Literature Studies Community
This paper presents LORE (Literature Object Re-use and Exchange), a light-weight tool which is designed to allow scholars and teachers of Australi-an literature to author, edit and publish compound information objects encapsulating related digital resources and bibliographic records. LORE enables users to easily create OAI-ORE-compliant compound objects, which build on the IFLA FRBR model, and also enables them to describe and publish them to an RDF repository as Named Graphs. Using the tool, literary scholars can create typed relationships between individual atomic objects using terms from a bibli-ographic ontology and can attach metadata to the compound object. This paper describes the implementation and user interface of the LORE tool, as developed within the context of an ongoing case study being conducted in collaboration with AustLit: The Australian Literature Resource, which focuses on compound objects for teaching and research within the Australian literature studies community
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