Desempenho, características de carcaça e de carne de novilhos Nelore alimentados com diferentes fontes de energia em confinamento

Exportado OPUSMade available in DSpace on 2019-08-12T20:37:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_helber___impress_o.pdf: 964451 bytes, checksum: 04459e3ada92f399498816d3f8f2fd18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 27Avaliou-se a eficiência produtiva, e as características da carcaça e da carne de 48 novilhos Nelore com idade inicial de 32 ± 1 meses e peso corporal (PC) médio inicial de 355 ± 19,56 kg; divididos em 4 tratamentos, sendo MGI - milho grão inteiro e suplemento peletizado, SCMM - silagem de capim elefante (SC), farelo de soja, ureia, núcleo mineral (RC) e milho grão moído, SCPC SC com RC e polpa cítrica; SCMF - SC com RC e milho floculado. Foi calculado o ganho médio diário (GMD) de peso corporal e de carcaça, o consumo de matéria seca (CMS), a conversão alimentar (CA), o custo alimentar por arroba (R$/@) das dietas, a excreção urinária de creatinina (CRE), alantoína (ALA), ácido úrico (ACU), purinas totais (PUR), relação alantoína:creatinina, purinas totais:creatinina, nitrogênio microbianos (N mic), proteínas microbianas (P mic) e os parâmetros sanguíneos. A CA diferiu entre as dietas MGI e SCPC, com valores de 5,60 e 6,65, respectivamente, sendo os outros semelhantes. A dieta SCMM resultou em menor custo (P<0,05) (R$ 73,01/@) e a SCMF no maior (R$117,58/@). Os valores médios de espessura de gordura, área de olho de lombo, força de cisalhamento, perdas totais ao cozimento da carne e rendimento de carcaça foram 4,97 milímetros, 74,71 cm2, 5,85 kgf, 26,82$/kg.t was evaluated the productive efficiency, carcass and meat traits of 48 Nellore bulls with initial age of 32 months and average live weight of 355.0 kg; divided into 4 treatments, MGI whole corn grain and pelleted supplement, SCMM - elephant grass silage (SC), soybean meal, urea, mineral mixture (RC) and ground corn grain, SCPC - SC with RC and citrus pulp; SCMF - SC with RC and corn flakes. It was calculated the average daily gain (ADG) of carcass, dry matter intake (DMI), feed conversion ratio (FCR = DMI / ADG), feed cost per arroba of the diets, urinary excretion of creatinine (CRE), allantoin (ALA), uric acid (ACU), total purine (PUR), allantoin:creatinine ratio, total purine:creatinine, microbial nitrogen (N mic), microbial proteins (P MIC) and blood parameters. Animals on MGI presented lower ADG and DMI (% BW) when compared to others (P<0.05), with values of 0.80; 0.93; 0.90; 0.98 kg / day for ADG and 1.77; 2.35; 2.33; 2.33% in diets for DMI MGI, SCMF, SCPC and SCMM, respectively. The FCR differed between MGI and SCPC, with values of 5.60 and 6.65, respectively. The SCMM diet resulted in lower feed costs (P <0.05) (R$73.01) whereas the highest was observed for SCMF (R$ 117.58). Mean values of fat depth, rib eye area, shear force, total cooking losses and carcass yield were 4.97 mm, 74.71 cm2, 57.37 N, 26.82% and 52.0%, respectively. The excretion of CRE, AL, AU, PUR, allantoin relationship: creatinine, total purine: creatinine, N mic and mic P were not influenced by the energy source of the diet with average values of 10.03 g / day, 99.56 mmol / day, 4.01 mmol / day, 103.57 mmol / day, 1.57, 1.54, 58,21g / day and 363.81 g / day, respectively. Were determined following blood parameters: Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), activities of the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, total protein, alkaline phosphatase, and glucose with values of 17.4; 86.2; 22.1; 33.8; 7.0; 107.5 and 54.2 mg / dL, respectively. The blood urea values were found above the reference values (20 to 30 mg / dL), except for MGI (28.46 mg / dL). Animal fed with SCMF showed higher levels of urea in blood (P <0.05) compared with animals fed MGI diet. The blood profile of feedlot cattle was not influenced by the different energy sources of the diet, except for urea, which showed values above normal. The purine derivatives and microbial protein production were not affected by the energy source of the diet. Diets based on other energetic feeds than ground corn may be used since their costs are lower

Risk analysis and probability of return on invested capital in an intensive beef cattle production system in Minas Gerais, Brazil

ABSTRACT The study evaluated the average return on invested capital (ROIC) in function of the variations in the historical prices of beef cattle and the odds of return on that capital gain within the system of beef cattle fattening on a farm in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2004 to 2007. To calculate the risk of ROIC, monthly data of beef cattle prices (BM&F) were used from July 1997 to December 2013, revised by the General Price Index of the Fundação Getúlio Vargas in December 2013. The corrected data were divided into five classes that correspond to the risk scenarios. In light of these classes, the observed frequencies and their respective probabilities were calculated. The cumulative and updated ROIC were -3.02 and 0.24%, respectively. The odds for obtaining returns above 8.4% (Brazilian Selic Rate) per year were median, corresponding to 32.0 and 34.94% for the calculation of operating profit (ROIC OP) and total profit (ROIC TP), respectively. The expected average annual return was 6.26 and 7.66% for ROIC OP and ROIC TP, respectively. The standard deviation and coefficient of variation showed a high risk of ROIC because the scale and extent of dispersion per unit of expected return were elevated in the accumulation period and the risk for 2013 was reduced according to the price of beef cattle. The expected risk of ROIC was considered high between 2004 and 2007 and average for 2013. The probability of return on capital invested in the intensification of fattening beef cattle is a function of the selling price of cattle and purchase of inputs, in which the high scenario ranching provides greater probability of getting a return above the bank interest rates

Carcass and meat traits of feedlot Nellore bulls fed different dietary energy sources

ABSTRACT The objective of this experimental study was to evaluate the effects of different dietary energy sources on the carcass and meat traits of feedlot Nellore bulls. A total of 48 Nellore bulls at 32 months of age with 354.35±19.56 kg body weight were studied for 85 days. The bulls were allotted to four groups of 12 individuals: Whole corn grain - diet based on whole corn grain; Ground corn - diet based on ground corn grain; Citrus pulp - diet based on citrus pulp; and Steam-flaked corn - diet based on steam-flaked corn. Diets did not influence carcass quality or meat quality. Average values for fat depth, rib eye area, shear force, total cooking losses, and carcass yield were 4.97 mm, 74.71 cm2, 5.85 kgf, 26.82%, and 52.0%, respectively. Based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of this study, there is no restriction for the adoption of any of the tested diets in feedlots with Nellore bulls and the evaluated energy sources may be used to replace ground corn grain