Additional file 5: of A practical guide for probiotics applied to the case of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in The Netherlands

Probiotic products available in The Netherlands. List of probiotic products available in the Netherlands, with information on composition (strains), dosage form, and number of colony-forming units (CFU) per daily dose. (XLSX 54 kb

Additional file 2: of A practical guide for probiotics applied to the case of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in The Netherlands

List of reviewed studies. All the clinical trials that were reviewed are listed with indication of first author, publication title, publication date, whether they were included in the review, and, in case, reasons for exclusion. (XLSX 26 kb

Additional file 4: of A practical guide for probiotics applied to the case of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in The Netherlands

Probiotics for prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in 32 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Forest plot summarizing the results of the meta-analysis for all the clinical trials included in this review, listed in chronological order of publication date. (PNG 83 kb

Additional file 1: of A practical guide for probiotics applied to the case of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in The Netherlands

Side-effects of antibiotics. List of commonly prescribed antibiotics in The Netherlands, with information on class, mode of action, indication and side effects. (XLSX 29 kb

Consort flow diagram of the study.

<p>Consort flow diagram of the study.</p

Patient characteristics at baseline.

<p>Site A = Maastricht, Site B = Sittard, FEV₁ = forced expiratory volume in one second, SD = Standard Deviation, ICS = Inhaled Corticosteroids, ACQ = Asthma Control Questionnaire, IQR = Inter Quartile Range, PAQLQ = Pediatric Asthma Control Quality of Life Questionnaire, FeNO = Fractional exhaled Nitric Oxide.</p><p>* Six children did not use ICS at baseline.</p><p>^† PC₂₀: concentration of histamine inducing a 20% drop in FEV₁.</p><p>^‡ Atopy is defined as a positive Phadiatop (Phadia, Uppsala, Sweden), or RAST, or a positive allergen skin test.</p><p>Patient characteristics at baseline.</p

Overview of ROC-curves of 3 predictive models for asthma exacerbations.

<p>ROC1: exacerbation prediction model on the basis of the acidity of EBC and inflammatory markers in EBC alone; ROC2: model on the basis of FeNO, reversibility to a bronchodilator as increase in FEV1% of predicted value, PC₂₀, daily dosage of ICS; ROC3: model all variables of model 1 and 2.</p

KNN- prediction of asthma exacerbation based on acidity of EBC, inflammatory markers in EBC, FeNO, and asthma clinical characteristics.^*

<p>* KNN algorithm is performed as statistical technique.</p><p>KNN- prediction of asthma exacerbation based on acidity of EBC, inflammatory markers in EBC, FeNO, and asthma clinical characteristics.^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0119434#t005fn001" target="_blank">*</a>}</p

Performance of acidity of EBC, inflammatory markers in EBC, FeNO, and asthma clinical characteristics in prediction of asthma exacerbation.

<p>IL = interleukin, TNF = tumor necrosis factor, FeNO = Fractional exhaled Nitric Oxide, PC₂₀ = histamine bronchial hyperresponsiveness test, FEV₁ = forced expiratory volume in one second, ICS = Inhaled Corticosteroids, ACQ = Asthma Control Questionnaire.</p><p>Performance of acidity of EBC, inflammatory markers in EBC, FeNO, and asthma clinical characteristics in prediction of asthma exacerbation.</p

Overview of study parameters.

<p>ACQ = Asthma Control Questionnaire, GINA = Global Initiative for Asthma, FeNO = Fractional exhaled Nitric Oxide, EBC = exhaled breath condensate, PC₂₀ = histamine bronchial hyperresponsiveness test.</p><p>* Symptom score based on GINA criteria was collected during 2 weeks preceding the clinical visit. This score was combined with FEV₁, to assess asthma control as defined by GINA.</p><p>^† Home monitoring consisted of daily symptom score plus FEV₁ measurements.</p><p>Overview of study parameters.</p