Lack of clinical intervention in preschoolers with dental pain in public service: dutcomes from a cross-sectional study

Submitted by Erika Demachki ([email protected]) on 2014-12-01T17:01:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Geovanna de Castro Morais Machado - 2013.pdf: 1533306 bytes, checksum: e16ca58206af7c3cd308d7a6b59f61f9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki ([email protected]) on 2014-12-01T17:02:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Geovanna de Castro Morais Machado - 2013.pdf: 1533306 bytes, checksum: e16ca58206af7c3cd308d7a6b59f61f9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-01T17:02:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Geovanna de Castro Morais Machado - 2013.pdf: 1533306 bytes, checksum: e16ca58206af7c3cd308d7a6b59f61f9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-26Aim: The aim of this study was to describe how the community centers from the the city of Goiania handled dental emergency care in children under 6 years during 2011. Methods: This quantitative study evaluated the dental charts of children under 6 years old of age focusing on emergent dental care and assessed dental emergency risk classification, child’s age and gender, chief complaint, involved teeth, clinical procedures performed, medications prescribed and referral. Data were recorded on forms for later descriptive analysis. Results: 1,108 children under 6 years old (4.0%) were treated, 556 male (50.2%), with a mean age of 3.7 years old (±1.4). The most reported chief complaints were toothache (47.9%, n=531) and dental trauma (20.0%, n=221). The most frequently performed clinical procedures were extraction (13.0%) and endodontic treatment (13.0%). No clinical procedures were performed in 58.5% of the cases (n=649). Conclusion: Emergency dental care for children under 6 years occurs mainly as a result of dental decay. It is necessary that emergency dental public services have a more effective management of these situations.Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar o perfil do atendimento das urgências odontológicas em crianças menores de 6 anos nas Unidades de Saúde de Urgência da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Goiânia-Goiás. Material e Métodos: Neste estudo descritivo, foram analisadas as fichas de crianças menores de 6 anos atendidas nestes serviços de urgência, entre os meses de janeiro e dezembro de 2011. Foram observados: classificação de risco, idade e sexo da criança, queixa principal, procedimentos executados, dentes acometidos, prescrição de medicamentos e encaminhamentos. Resultados: Foram atendidas 1108 crianças menores de 6 anos (4.0% do total de atendimentos nos serviços de urgência), sendo que 556 eram meninos (50,2%). A idade média das crianças foi de 3,7 anos (DP ±1,4). As queixas mais descritas foram dor de dente (47,9%, n=531) e trauma dentário (20,0%, n=221). Os procedimentos clínicos mais executados foram a exodontia (13,0%) e intervenção pulpar (13,0%). Em 58,5% (n=649) dos casos de urgência não houve realização de procedimento clínico local. Conclusão: A urgência odontológica em crianças menores de 6 anos ocorre, principalmente, como consequência da cárie dentária. Os serviços públicos voltados à urgência/emergência em saúde necessitam de um manejo mais efetivo dessas situações

Intranasal sedation using ketamine and midazolam for pediatric dental treatment (NASO): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Uncooperative children may need to receive dental treatment under sedation, which is indicated when nonpharmacological behavior guidance is unsuccessful. There are randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing different sedative protocols for dental procedures; however, the evidence for superiority of one form over another is weak. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of intranasally administered ketamine plus midazolam for the dental treatment of children. Methods We have designed a three-armed, parallel RCT to assess intranasal sedation using ketamine/midazolam in terms of the following measures: efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness. Two- to 6-year-old healthy children, referred for dental treatment in a dental sedation center in Brazil due to uncooperative behavior and requiring restorative dental procedures, will be recruited. Each child will be randomly assigned to one of the three groups: A – Intranasal administration of ketamine (4.0 mg/kg, maximum 100 mg) and midazolam (0.2 mg/kg, maximum 5.0 mg); B – Oral administration of ketamine (4.0 mg/kg, maximum 100 mg) and midazolam (0.5 mg/kg, maximum 20 mg); and C – Oral administration of midazolam (1.0 mg/kg, maximum 20 mg). The primary outcome is the child’s behavior assessed through an observational scale using digital videos of the restorative dental treatment under sedation. The secondary outcomes are as follows: acceptance of sedative administration; memory of intraoperative events; the child’s stress; adverse events; the child’s pain during the procedure; the parent’s, dentists’, and child’s perceptions of sedation; and economic analysis. Measures will be taken at baseline and drug administration and during and after the dental procedure. The necessary sample size was estimated to be 84 children after a blinded interim analysis of the first 30 cases. Discussion This study will provide data that can substantially add to science and pediatric dentistry as it examines the effect of sedative regimes from different perspectives (outcomes). Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02447289 . Registered on 11 May 2015, named “Midazolam and Ketamine Effect Administered Through the Nose for Sedation of Children for Dental Treatment (NASO).