Should I double park or should I go? The effect of political ideology on collective action problems

Collective action problems, such as double parking behavior, are pervasive in everyday life. This paper presents the results from a field survey that was carried out at one of the main and busiest streets of the city of Ioannina in Greece, in order to investigate the effect of political ideology on double parking behavior. We find that individuals placing themselves either on the extreme Left or the extreme Right on a [0-10] political spectrum, are characterized by increased propensity of double parking behavior. Taking into account that both the extreme Left and the extreme Right Greek parties are strongly in favor of state intervention, our empirical findings could be read as follows. Subjects that believe in the superiority of state intervention rely heavier on incentives and constraints provided by the law and therefore in the absence of an effective monitoring mechanism they fail to internalize the social cost of their actions. In contrast, subjects that are in favor of decentralized market solutions, take into account the social impact of their actions even in the absence of a strong monitoring state mechanism

Should I double park or should I go? The effect of political ideology on collective action problems

Collective action problems, such as double parking behavior, are pervasive in everyday life. This paper presents the results from a field survey that was carried out at one of the main and busiest streets of the city of Ioannina in Greece, in order to investigate the effect of political ideology on double parking behavior. We find that individuals placing themselves either on the extreme Left or the extreme Right on a [0-10] political spectrum, are characterized by increased propensity of double parking behavior. Taking into account that both the extreme Left and the extreme Right Greek parties are strongly in favor of state intervention, our empirical findings could be read as follows. Subjects that believe in the superiority of state intervention rely heavier on incentives and constraints provided by the law and therefore in the absence of an effective monitoring mechanism they fail to internalize the social cost of their actions. In contrast, subjects that are in favor of decentralized market solutions, take into account the social impact of their actions even in the absence of a strong monitoring state mechanism

AR AND CHAMBER MUSIC: MUSICAL KALEIDOSCOPE

DIGI-ORCH is a research project with objectives, on one hand, to design and develop "smart" brochures for concerts and educational programs of the State Conservatory of Thessaloniki (Greece), and, on the other, to develop an innovative system for the visualization of information on smart mobile devices (smartphones and tablets). The application of Augmented Reality (AR) provides free access to the information and content of the above concerts and educational programs, combining the information of a robust data server and an easy-to-use user interface of the smart device in real-time.The pilot implementation of the system in real conditions took place at the beginning of December 2022, in an event held at the facilities of the State Conservatory of Thessaloniki. The event was an evening of Chamber Music entitled Musical Kaleidoscope, with the internationally acclaimed artists Simos Papanas (violin), Dimos Goundaroulis (violoncello), and Vassilis Varvaresos (piano). They performed the Piano Trio no. 3 in G minor, Robert Schumann's opus 110, and the Piano Trio no. 2 in E flat major, Op. 100 D. 929 by Franz Schubert. The concert was attended by over 150 attendees.The paper will present the chaîne-operatoire of the development of the system, from the acquisition of raw data (text, video, image, and sound) to the methodology used to produce the "smart" event brochure and the AR application for the above concert. Essentially, this large amount of information that cannot be assessed by a regular printed concert brochure is included in the smart system and displayed on the mobile device when the user locates the appropriate AR patterns on the surface of the analog concert poster and/or on the pages of the brochure.This information comprised of ie. additional text and images about the composers and their musical projects, about the musicians of the concert (e.g. biographies), their interviews and rehearsals (video) before the concert, information about the State Conservatory of Thessaloniki (text, video, image, and sound), 3D models of musical instruments, 360° of the concert space, etc. diverse multimedia material.</p

Deregulated expression of hnRNP A/B proteins in human non-small cell lung cancer: parallel assessment of protein and mRNA levels in paired tumour/non-tumour tissues

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) of the A/B type (hnRNP A1, A2/B1, A3) are highly related multifunctional proteins participating in alternative splicing by antagonising other splicing factors, notably ASF/SF2. The altered expression pattern of hnRNP A2/B1 and/or splicing variant B1 alone in human lung cancer and their potential to serve as molecular markers for early diagnosis remain issues of intense investigation. The main objective of the present study was to use paired tumour/non-tumour biopsies from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to investigate the expression profiles of hnRNP A1, A2/B1 and A3 in conjunction with ASF/SF2.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We combined western blotting of tissue homogenates with immunohistochemical examination of fixed tissue sections and quantification of mRNA expression levels in tumour versus adjacent normal-looking areas of the lung in the same patient.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Our study, in addition to clear evidence of mostly uncoupled deregulation of hnRNPs A/B, has revealed hnRNP A1 to be the most deregulated protein with a high frequency of over-expression (76%), followed by A3 (52%) and A2/B1 (43%). Moreover, direct comparison of protein/mRNA levels showed a lack of correlation in the case of hnRNP A1 (as well as of ASF/SF2), but not of A2/B1, suggesting that different mechanisms underlie their deregulation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results provide strong evidence for the up-regulation of hnRNP A/B in NSCLC, and they support the existence of distinct mechanisms responsible for their deregulated expression.</p

Molecular genetic analysis of infantile hypertrohpic pyloric stenosis

The aim of this study was to identify susceptibility genes for the common disease Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (IHPS) using a whole genome screening approach. IHPS is a form of gastrointestinal obstruction with an incidence between 1 and 5 per 1000 live births. It is characterized by hypertrophy of the pyloric smooth muscle, which develops after birth in response to enteral feeds and leads to gastric outlet obstruction with projectile vomiting. IHPS is commonly inherited as a multifactorial trait with a marked male preponderance but monogenic and syndromic forms are also described. Molecular genetic studies have previously identified two IHPS predisposing regions (IHPS1 [MIM #179010] and IHPS2 [MIM #610260]), which seem to account for a small subset of IHPS cases. DNA samples from over 500 IHPS families were collected in total. This work included the molecular analysis of a proportion of those families. A pedigree with 8 affected individuals was analysed using a SNP-based genome-wide linkage scan and a locus for monogenic IHPS on chromosome 16q24 was identified (LOD score 3.7). Analysis of candidate gene SLC7A5 did not reveal any mutations and analysis of 14 further multiplex pedigrees for evidence of linkage to 16q24 did not result in significant LOD scores supporting locus heterogeneity. Additionally, a SNP-based genome-wide linkage analysis of 81 pedigrees identified 2 more IHPS predisposing loci on chromosomes 11q14-q22 (Z_max= 3.9, p<0.0001; HLOD_max = 3.4, alpha = 0.34) and Xq23 (Z_max = 4.3, p<0.00001; HLOD_max = 4.8, alpha = 0.56), and a region of potential interest on chromosome 3, (Z_max = 2.70, p<0.003; HLOD_max = 1.78, alpha=0.52). These three regions each harbor candidate genes that are members of the canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) family of ion channels raising the hypothesis that IHPS may be a channelopathy

Cell death induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, a model SN1 methylating agent, in two lung cancer cell lines of human origin

New therapeutic approaches are needed for lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer death. Methylating agents constitute a widely used class of anticancer drugs, the effect of which on human non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been adequately studied. N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), a model SN1 methylating agent, induced cell death through a distinct mechanism in two human NSCLC cell lines studied, A549(p53wt) and H157(p53null). In A549(p53wt), MNU induced G2/M arrest, accompanied by cdc25A degradation, hnRNP B1 induction, hnRNP C1/C2 downregulation. Non-apoptotic cell death was confirmed by the lack of increase in the sub-G1 DNA content, Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and caspase-3, -7 activation. In H157(p53 null), MNU induced apoptotic cell death, confirmed by cytofluorometry of DNA content and immunodetection of apoptotic markers, accompanied by overexpression of hnRNP B1 and C1/C2. Thus, the mechanism of the cell death induced by SN1 methylating agents is cell type-dependent and must be assessed prior treatment. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

Evaluation of nickel ferrite nanoparticles coated with oleylamine by NMR relaxation measurements and magnetic hyperthermia

Nickel ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized via a facile solvothermal approach. Oleylamine (OAm) was used in all synthetic procedures as a stabilizing agent and solvent. By varying the polarity of the solvents, hydrophobic NiFe2O4 nanoparticles coated with OAm of relatively similar sizes (9-11.7 nm) and in a range of magnetization values (32.0-53.5 emu g(-1)) were obtained. The as-prepared hydrophobic nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM, TGA and VSM and converted to hydrophilic by two different approaches. The addition of a positively charged ligand (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, CTAB) and the ligand exchange procedure (2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid, DMSA) have been successfully applied. The aqueous suspensions of NiFe2O4@CTAB and NiFe2O4@DMSA showed good colloidal stability after a long period of time. The different surface modification affected both the NMR relaxometric measurements and the hyperthermia effects. In both techniques CTAB modification demonstrated higher r(2) relaxivity (278.9 s(-1) mM(-1) in an NMR spectrometer at 11.7 T) and SAR values (423.4 W g(-1) at an applied AC field with a particle concentration of 0.5 mg mL(-1)). The results indicate that a coating with a larger molecule as CTAB under the same size, shape and magnetization of NiFe2O4 NPs gave rise to NMR relaxometric properties and heating efficacy

Incremental value of pulse wave velocity in the determination of coronary microcirculatory dysfunction in never-treated patients with essential hypertension

Background: Coronary microcirculation is disturbed in essential hypertension. We investigated whether arterial stiffness determines coronary flow reserve (CFR) in hypertensive patients. Methods: We examined 100 never-treated hypertensives and 20 healthy controls. We measured (i) carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV); (ii) Systolic (Vs) and diastolic (Vd) coronary flow velocity, time integral (V TI-Vd) of diastolic velocity and CFR after adenosine by transthoracic echocardiography; (iii) ratio of E wave from mitral inflow to Em of mitral annulus, as an index of left ventricular (LV) diastolic pressures using tissue Doppler; (iv) carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), as an index of vascular damage; and (v) 24-h blood pressure parameters using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Results: Patients had abnormal PWV, IMT, E/Em, resting Vd/Vs, and CFR than controls (P &amp;lt; 0.05). In hypertensives, PWV was related to abnormal IMT and E/Em which in turn were related to reduced CFR (P &amp;lt; 0.05). PWV and E/Em were independent determinants of CFR and Vd/Vs (P &amp;lt; 0.05) in hypertensives. When added to a model including age, sex, smoking, LV mass (LVM), heart rate, 24-h systolic blood pressure (SBP), and E/Em, PWV had an incremental value in the determination of CFR (r 2 change from 0.25 to 0.46, P &amp;lt; 0.01). PWV &amp;gt;10.7 m/s predicted a CFR &amp;lt;2 with 79 and 75% and a CFR &amp;lt;2.6 with 83 and 82% sensitivity and specificity, respectively, using adjusted-receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Conclusions: Elevated LV diastolic compressive forces on coronary microcirculation and the presence of generalized vascular damage may explain the association between PWV and CFR. PWV has an incremental value in the determination of impaired coronary microcirculation in hypertensive patients. © 2008 American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd