Bi-factor model for the cognitive <i>baseline</i> data.

<p>Eighteen variables from nine tests were used to estimate the model with a global cognitive factor capturing covariation across all variables and four <i>independent</i> secondary factors explaining specific shared covariations <i>beyond</i> that shared with other variables.</p

Variable Importance Measures Estimated by Mean Decreased Accuracy.

<p>BMI = Body mass index; CIMT = Carotid artery intima-media thickness; LDL-C = Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C = High density lipoprotein-cholesterol; FSG = Fasting blood glucose; FRAM = Framingham Point scores; TRIG = Triglycerides.</p

Diagram illustrating the latent profile model.

<p>BMI = Body mass index; CIMT = Carotid artery intima-media thickness; LDL-C = Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C = High density lipoprotein-cholesterol; FSG = Fasting blood glucose.</p

Bivariate Correlations for the Vascular Disease Risk Variables at Baseline.

<p>Correlations greater than the absolute value of <i>ρ</i> = 0.12 were significant using a per-test Sidak-adjusted.</p><p><i>p</i><0.002 and a family-wise alpha of 0.05.</p><p>BMI = Body mass index; CIMT = carotid artery intima-media thickness; LDL-C = Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C = High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FPS = Framingham point scores.</p

Estimated Mean Vascular Disease Risk for Each Latent Group.

<p>BMI = Body mass index; CIMT = Carotid artery intima-media thickness; LDL-C = Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C = High density lipoprotein-cholesterol; FSG = Fasting blood glucose.</p

Estimated and Observed Within-Class Means and Standard Errors for Vascular Disease Risk Variables From the Two-Class Model.

1<p>The estimated within-class means represent the mean difference between the vascular disease risk score of that particular class compared with the overall mean. Estimated means are based on standardized measures.</p><p>BMI = Body mass index; CIMT = Carotid artery intima-media thickness; LDL-C = Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C = High density lipoprotein-cholesterol; FSG = Fasting blood glucose; FPS = Framingham point scores.</p

Schematic diagram of the principal steps in the analysis.

<p>Models were estimated via full information (direct) maximum likelihood algorithms using all available data.</p

Baseline characteristics of the women in the KEEPS-Cog.

<p>^a30-point scale; scores < 24/30 can suggest impairment.</p><p>^b21-item scale; score ranges from 0 to 63, and a higher score indicates more symptoms of depression. Women were excluded from participation if they obtained a score of >28 at screening or baseline, suggesting severe depression.</p><p>^cDefined as a binary variable (yes = 1; no = 0).</p><p>^d50-point, multiple-choice test of vocabulary that provided estimate of intelligence.</p><p>^e100-point scale; score < 85/100 can suggest impairment.</p><p>^fCognitive factor scores, produced by a factor analysis, have a metric similar to standardized scores. SDs, however, varied from factor to factor.</p><p>*<i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p>GED, General Educational Development; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment–insulin resistance; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; POMS, Profile of Mood States; SD, standard deviation.</p><p>Baseline characteristics of the women in the KEEPS-Cog.</p

Factor model for the cognitive baseline data.

<p>CFI, comparative fit index; RMSEA, root mean square error of approximation; TLI, Tucker-Lewis index.</p

CONSORT diagram.

<p>CONSORT diagram.</p