Patient characteristics.

<p>Patient characteristics.</p

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the standard deviation of CT attenuation values (attenuation SD) and tumor grade for prediction of perioperative complications.

<p>Under all reference-corrected values, the standard deviation of the CT attenuation was the only parameter with an AUC > 0.6. In comparison, the ROC curve for the tumor grade is given.</p

Significant different imaging characteristics between patients with clear-cell and non-clear-cell renal cell carcinoma.

<p>Significant different imaging characteristics between patients with clear-cell and non-clear-cell renal cell carcinoma.</p

CT image examples of three different patients with renal cell carcinoma and different tumor nuclear grade.

<p>Whilst <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0195270#pone.0195270.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1A</a> shows a grade 1 tumor of the right kidney of a 49 year-old female patient, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0195270#pone.0195270.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1B</a> is displaying a grade 2 clear-cell RCC of a 58 year-old male patient, and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0195270#pone.0195270.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1C</a> is from a 78 year-old male patient with a grade 3 tumor. All tumors are approximately the same size; however, a grading based on visual criteria only is not possible.</p

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for CT texture analysis parameters predicting a perioperative blood loss ≥200 ml.

<p>The figure includes all reference-corrected parameters with an area under curve >0.6 for prediction of an increased blood loss during surgery. Abbreviations: UPP, uniformity of positive pixel values; SD, standard deviation.</p

Flow chart of the patient selection.

<p>Flow chart of the patient selection.</p

Patient characteristics.

<p>Patient characteristics.</p

Bland & Altman plot of the ASPECTS score of the NECT analysis in comparison to the “best contrast” image analysis.

<p>Bland & Altman plot of the ASPECTS score of the NECT analysis in comparison to the “best contrast” image analysis.</p

Schematic illustration of the “best contrast” (BC) post-processing.

<p>The center is defining the attenuation level, at which image information is highlighted. By adjustment of the slope and delta of the attenuation curve, the expression of the post-processing can be modulated.</p

64 year-old male patient with ischemic stroke of the right cerebral hemisphere due to an isolated occlusion of the right internal carotid artery.

<p>While the NECT (A) only give an idea of a slight dedifferentiation of gray and white matter at the insular cortex, the “best contrast” image (B) shows a great delineated infarction (long arrows) with involvement of the internal capsule (short arrow). The diagnosis was confirmed on follow-up CT, which shows that the BC image reflects the infarct size more accurately (C).</p