Etiologies of bloodstream infections.

<p>Etiologies of bloodstream infections.</p

Susceptibilities of Gram positive organisms: 2012 to 2014.

<p>Susceptibilities of Gram positive organisms: 2012 to 2014.</p

Susceptibilities of Gram negative organisms: 2012 to 2014.

<p>Susceptibilities of Gram negative organisms: 2012 to 2014.</p

Etiologies of neonatal bloodstream infection.

<p>Etiologies of neonatal bloodstream infection.</p

Anti-spike antibody response based on COVID-19 result, sex and age.

Box plots of anti-Spike IgG S/Co ratio at first (A) and second (B) post-vaccination test between those with positive and negative SARS-CoV-2 test results. Anti-Spike IgG S/Co ratio at first and second post-vaccination testing by SARS-CoV-2 result by sex (C) and age category [n = 968] (D). SARS-CoV-2 PCR re-test was performed after the seroprevalence study and initiation of vaccination | PV = post vaccination.</p

Median time interval between vaccination doses and post-vaccine sample collection.

Median time interval between vaccination doses and post-vaccine sample collection.</p

Frequency of side effects of vaccination.

IntroductionFollowing the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, vaccination became the main strategy against disease severity and even death. Healthcare workers were considered high-risk for infection and, thus, were prioritised for vaccination.MethodsA follow-up to a SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study among clinical and non-clinical HCWs at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, we assessed how vaccination influenced SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG antibody responses and kinetics. Blood samples were drawn at two points spanning 6 to 18 months post-vaccination, and SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsAlmost all participants, 98% (961/981), received a second vaccine dose, and only 8.5% (83/981) received a third dose. SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibodies were detected in 100% (961/961) and 92.7% (707/762) of participants who received two vaccine doses, with the first and second post-vaccine test, respectively, and in 100% (83/83) and 91.4% (64/70) of those who received three vaccine doses at the first and second post-vaccine test, respectively. Seventy-six participants developed mild infections, not requiring hospitalisation even after receiving primary vaccination. Receiving three vaccine doses influenced the anti-spike S/Co at both the first (pDiscussion and conclusionFollowing the second dose of primary vaccination, all participants had detectable anti-spike antibodies. The observed mild breakthrough infections may have been due to emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Findings suggest that although protective antibodies are induced, vaccination protected against COVID-19 disease severity and not necessarily infection.</div

Anti-spike antibody response at second and third vaccine doses.

Box plots of anti-spike IgG S/Co ratio at first (A) and second (B) post-vaccination test between those who received a second vaccine dose and those who did not receive two doses. Anti-Spike IgG S/Co ratio at first (C) and second (D) post-vaccination testing between participants receiving three vaccine doses and those not receiving three doses. | PV = post vaccination.</p

Anti-spike IgG S/Co ratio at second post-vaccination testing and COVID-19 test.

Stratified by sex (S1a) and age category (S1b) [age n = 968]. (JPG)</p

Participant characteristics, type and frequency of vaccines administered at each dose.

Participant characteristics, type and frequency of vaccines administered at each dose.</p