Total numbers of splenic cells (a), CD4T cells (b) and CD4T cells producing cytokines, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 (c-f respectively) in mice infected with (ER) on day 13 after infection

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Cytokine responses of CD4T cells during a (ER) blood-stage infection in mice initiated by the natural route of infection"</p><p>http://www.malariajournal.com/content/6/1/77</p><p>Malaria Journal 2007;6():77-77.</p><p>Published online 7 Jun 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1904224.</p><p></p> Mice were submitted to bites by infected mosquitoes (infect), previous bites by uninfected mosquitoes before infected mosquitoes (uninfect. + infect.), only bites by uninfected mosquitoes (uninfect.) and not bitten (naive). The values represent the means and standard errors of the means of 3 mice

Effects of prior exposure to the bites of uninfected mosquitoes on a blood stage infection of (ER) transmitted by infected mosquitoes

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Cytokine responses of CD4T cells during a (ER) blood-stage infection in mice initiated by the natural route of infection"</p><p>http://www.malariajournal.com/content/6/1/77</p><p>Malaria Journal 2007;6():77-77.</p><p>Published online 7 Jun 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1904224.</p><p></p> a) Experimental procedure for the infection of mice with (ER) through the bites of infected mosquitoes, after being exposed to four weekly sessions of bites by uninfected mosquitoes. One group of mice was only submitted to infectious mosquito bites. b) Course of infection in mice submitted first to uninfected followed by infected mosquito bites (▲), and infected mosquito bites only (■). The infection was followed for 13 days at which time mice were sacrificed and FACS analysis performed (see Figure 4). c) Length of pre-patent period, and peak parasitaemia of mice submitted to uninfected and infected mosquito bites (□), and infected mosquito bites only (■). The values represent the means and standard errors of the means of at least 3 mice per group

Total numbers of splenic cells (a), CD4T cells (b) and CD4T cells producing cytokines, IFN-γ (c), IL-4 (d), IL-2 (e) and IL-10 (f) during a primary infection with (ER)

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Cytokine responses of CD4T cells during a (ER) blood-stage infection in mice initiated by the natural route of infection"</p><p>http://www.malariajournal.com/content/6/1/77</p><p>Malaria Journal 2007;6():77-77.</p><p>Published online 7 Jun 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1904224.</p><p></p> Spleen cells taken from mice at days 13 and 28 of infection were counted as described in the materials and methods. CD4T cells and cytokines, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10, were enumerated by surface and intracellular staining and analysed by FACS. The values shown represent the mean and standard errors of the means from 3 to 5 mice submitted to bites by infected mosquitoes (inf. bites), injected with 10parasitized erythrocytes (pRBC), submitted only to uninfected mosquito bites (uninfected bites) and mice not bitten or injected (naive)