26 research outputs found
Transapical off-pump echo-guided mitral valve repair with neochordae implantation mid-term outcomes
Background: The NeoChord echo-guided transapical beating heart repair is a promising early-stage
minimally invasive surgical procedure for degenerative mitral valve (MV) regurgitation (DMR) correction.
The technique has been improved since its inception following procedure standardization, patient selection
optimization, and learning curve stabilization. We hereby present the mid-term clinical results through three
years of our large single center experience.
Methods: All consecutive patients with severe symptomatic DMR due to prolapse or flail of one or both
mitral leaflets that underwent the NeoChord procedure between November 2013 and June 2019 were
included. Patients were categorized according to MV anatomy; Type A isolated central posterior leaflet
prolapse and/or flail, Type B posterior multi-segment prolapse and/or flail, Type C anterior and/or bi-leaflet
prolapse or flail, Type D paracommissural prolapse and/or flail and/or significant leaflet and/or annular
calcifications. Patients underwent clinical and echocardiographic follow-up at one, three, six, twelve months
and yearly thereafter. Clinical outcomes and the composite primary endpoint (patient success) were defined
according to Mitral Valve Academic Research Consortium (MVARC) criteria. Mitral regurgitation (MR)
severity was graded as absent, mild, moderate and severe according to American Society of Echocardiography
(ASE) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines.
Results: Two hundred and three patients were included; median follow-up was 24 months [interquartile
range (IQR), 9–36]. Median age was 64 years (IQR, 54–74 years), median Society of Thoracic Surgeons
(STS) Predicted Risk of Mortality (PROM) was 0.60% (IQR, 0.32–1.44%). There were 106 Type A patients
(52.2%), 68 Type B (33.5%), 16 Type C (7.9%), and 13 Type D (6.4%). Kaplan-Meier estimate of survival
was 99.0%±0.7% at one and two years and 94.0%±2.9% at three years. At one-year follow-up patient success
was 91.2%±2.0% and 111 patients (74%) presented a residual MR mild or less (1+). At three-year follow-up
patient success was 81.2%±3.8% and 32 patients (64%) had a residual MR mild or less (1+). Patient success
was significantly different according to anatomical type (P=0.001). Echocardiographic analysis showed a
significant acute left ventricle and left atrial reverse remodeling that was maintained up to three years.
Conclusions: The NeoChord echo-guided transapical beating heart repair procedure demonstrated good
clinical outcomes and echocardiographic results up to three-year follow-up
Low temperature fabrication of high performance and transparent Pt counter electrodes for use in flexible dye-sensitized solar cells
Prediction of response to anti-EGFR antibody-based therapies by multigene sequencing in colorectal cancer patients
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Cell lineage branching as a strategy for proliferative control.
BackgroundHow tissue and organ sizes are specified is one of the great unsolved mysteries in biology. Experiments and mathematical modeling implicate feedback control of cell lineage progression, but a broad understanding of what lineage feedback accomplishes is lacking.ResultsBy exploring the possible effects of various biologically relevant disturbances on the dynamic and steady state behaviors of stem cell lineages, we find that the simplest and most frequently studied form of lineage feedback - which we term renewal control - suffers from several serious drawbacks. These reflect fundamental performance limits dictated by universal conservation-type laws, and are independent of parameter choice. Here we show that introducing lineage branches can circumvent all such limitations, permitting effective attenuation of a wide range of perturbations. The type of feedback that achieves such performance - which we term fate control - involves promotion of lineage branching at the expense of both renewal and (primary) differentiation. We discuss the evidence that feedback of just this type occurs in vivo, and plays a role in tissue growth control.ConclusionsRegulated lineage branching is an effective strategy for dealing with disturbances in stem cell systems. The existence of this strategy provides a dynamics-based justification for feedback control of cell fate in vivo
Cell lineage branching as a strategy for proliferative control
Background
How tissue and organ sizes are specified is one of the great unsolved mysteries in biology. Experiments and mathematical modeling implicate feedback control of cell lineage progression, but a broad understanding of what lineage feedback accomplishes is lacking.
Results
By exploring the possible effects of various biologically relevant disturbances on the dynamic and steady state behaviors of stem cell lineages, we find that the simplest and most frequently studied form of lineage feedback - which we term renewal control - suffers from several serious drawbacks. These reflect fundamental performance limits dictated by universal conservation-type laws, and are independent of parameter choice. Here we show that introducing lineage branches can circumvent all such limitations, permitting effective attenuation of a wide range of perturbations. The type of feedback that achieves such performance - which we term fate control - involves promotion of lineage branching at the expense of both renewal and (primary) differentiation. We discuss the evidence that feedback of just this type occurs in vivo, and plays a role in tissue growth control.
Conclusions
Regulated lineage branching is an effective strategy for dealing with disturbances in stem cell systems. The existence of this strategy provides a dynamics-based justification for feedback control of cell fate in vivo.ISSN:1741-700