Expression of gamma-Glutamyltranspeptidase Activity in Human Oral Squamous Cancers

The enzyme activity of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase(GGT) was determined in tissues from human oral cancers and normal controls. Biochemical assay revealed that differentiated cancers had higher GGT activity compared with poorly differentiated cancers. The analysis of GGT histochemical activity was the same as that of the biochemical assay, however, the distribution pattern of GGT staining was heterogeneous. Although not all of the differentiated cancers had GGT histochemical activity, frequently GGT activity was detected only in highly keratinized horn pearls of individually keratinized cells, but not in proliferative cells. The significance of GGT expression in squamous cancers is discussed

CYTODIAGNOSIS BY NEEDLE PUNCTURE AND ASPIRATION OF ORAL MALIGNANT TUMORS

This study comprises a total of 856 cases with suspicious clinical diagnosis of malignant tumors which were cytologically examined by us during the past 8 years. Of 856 cases, 184 were examined by the needle puncture and aspiration mostly on their non-ulcerated facial and oral lesions, before the treatments were given. In this paper, the results of the 184 cases are analysed and shown. The needle in this study is redesigned for new application with 15, 16 and 17 gauge of 4 to 7 cm in length, having a mandrin which is attached closely to the inner surface of the needle in order to avoid contamination of the tissue to be aspirated with surface epithelial cells. The needle has been used differently in each lesion according to its nature. Phase contrast microscopy (abbreviated to PCM) has been applied to observe the specimen, saving time and work untill getting the results, but for the better confirmation of the findings the Papanicolaou (abbreviated to Pap.) staining was additionally applied. If the material by aspiration was obtained more than needed, the surplus was used for the usual histological examination, and in such a case the surgical biopsy could be omitted. The findings of aspiration cytology have been confirmed through their clinical and histological examinations. Of 184 cases, 88 had the final histological diagnosis, 49 of which were malignant tumors and the remaining 39 were non-malignant lesions. Out of a total of 49 cases of malignant tumors, cytological examination yielded a positive diagnosis of cancer in 62.5% by PCM alone, and in 80.6% by the combination of PCM and Pap. staining. Out of 39 cases with non-malignant lesions, cytological examination yielded a false positive diagnosis in 11 cases, by PCM alone. Six cases of these 11 were diagnosed as pleomorphic adenoma histologically. The tumor is believed to be not malignant but posseses a possible malignancy in nature. Then the cytological results of Class IV (suggestive of malignancy) of these cases give us a specific meaning that we can find the existence of the tumor and take a appropriate preparation for the following treatment. The cytological and histological examination by aspiration is a time-saving method of confirming a diagnosis without surgical incision through normal tissue in our fields. The process by aspiration prevents a possible infection and dangerous fungating of the tumors

KLINISCHE ERFAHRUNGEN ÜBER DIE BEHANDLUNG MIT BLEOMYCIN VON 551 FÄLLEN DER MUNDHÖHLENKARZINOME IN JAPAN

Bleomycin, ein neues Antibiotikum mit antitumoröser Wirksamkeit, wurde in die Therapie gegen maligne Tumoren im Kiefer- und Gesichtsbcreich an 21 kieferchirurgischen Universitätskliniken und Krankenhäusern in Japan von 1968 bis 1971 aufgenommen und 551 Patienten behandelt. Hier wird über die Behandlungsergebnisse von 409 Fällen mit Plattenepithelkarzinomen berichtet. Die Gesamtdosis der Bleo-Rehandlung einer Kur betrug 300 mg bei den meisten Fällen. Bei 90% von 409 Fällen ist Bleomycin intravenös und bei 10% intraarteriell oder intramuskulär verabreicht worden. Die zusammengefassten Behandlungsergebnisse mit Bleomycin zeigten uns, daB eine sehr gute oder gute Wirkung in 126 Fällen, das entspricht 37% der Patienten, erzielt werden konnte, während 36% keine Beeinflussung zeigten. Als Nebenwirkung beobachteten wir bei 73% Fällen verschiedene Hautveränderungen. Die Lungenfibrose als Nebenwirkungen, clavor man am stärksten fürchtet, wurcle bei 5 Fallen durch Au topsie festgestellt