2,945 research outputs found
The Intrathymic Expression of Insulin-Related Genes: Implications for Pathophysiology and Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes
peer reviewedRecent experimental work has challenged and shattered the old concept of a sequestration of pancreatic islet antigens from developing T-cells within the thymic environment. There is now compelling evidence that the central immunological tolerance of the whole insulin family may be induced during the process of T-cell ontogeny in the thymus. Transcripts of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II), IGF-I and insulin genes have been characterized in human, rat and mouse thymuses. At the peptide level, IGF-II was shown to be the dominant polypeptide of the insulin family in the thymus from different species. Data are presented which support a dual role of thymic IGF-II both in T-cell development as well as in T-cell negative selection. Using animal models of autoimmune diabetes, current research is investigating the hypothesis that a defect of thymic T-cell education to the insulin family is implicated in the pathophysiology of human Type 1 diabetes. An efficient and secure prevention of Type 1 diabetes could be designed on the basis of the strong natural tolerogenic properties of the thymus
The intrathymic expression of insulin-related genes: implications for pathophysiology and prevention of Type 1 diabetes
Reduced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in chronic multi-site musculoskeletal pain : partly masked by depressive and anxiety disorders
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Fluorescence and Hybrid Detection Aperture of the Pierre Auger Observatory
The aperture of the Fluorescence Detector (FD) of the Pierre Auger
Observatory is evaluated from simulated events using different detector
configurations: mono, stereo, 3-FD and 4-FD. The trigger efficiency has been
modeled using shower profiles with ground impacts in the field of view of a
single telescope and studying the trigger response (at the different levels) by
that telescope and by its neighbours. In addition, analysis cuts imposed by
event reconstruction have been applied. The hybrid aperture is then derived for
the Auger final extension. Taking into account the actual Surface Detector (SD)
array configuration and its trigger response, the aperture is also calculated
for a typical configuration of the present phase.Comment: contribution to the 29th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Pune,
India, 3-10 August 200
Fatal aortogastric fistula following fully covered metal stent placement for refractory esophageal stricture
Mass-Spectrometry-Based Identification of Synthetic Drug Isomers Using Infrared Ion Spectroscopy
Isomer-Specific Two-Color Double-Resonance IR<sup>2</sup>MS<sup>3</sup> Ion Spectroscopy Using a Single Laser:Application in the Identification of Novel Psychoactive Substances
Isomer-Specific Two-Color Double-Resonance IR<sup>2</sup>MS<sup>3</sup> Ion Spectroscopy Using a Single Laser:Application in the Identification of Novel Psychoactive Substances
Extraction of the atmospheric neutrino fluxes from experimental event rate data
The precise knowledge of the atmospheric neutrino fluxes is a key ingredient
in the interpretation of the results from any atmospheric neutrino experiment.
In the standard atmospheric neutrino data analysis, these fluxes are
theoretical inputs obtained from sophisticated numerical calculations. In this
contribution we present an alternative approach to the determination of the
atmospheric neutrino fluxes based on the direct extraction from the
experimental data on neutrino event rates. The extraction is achieved by means
of a combination of artificial neural networks as interpolants and Monte Carlo
methods.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figs, to appear in the proceedings of the 2nd
International Conference on Quantum Theories and Renormalization Group in
Gravity and Cosmology, Barcelona, July 200
The Recognition of Hypothalamo-Neurohypophysial Functions by Developing T Cells
Neuropeptide signals and specific neuropeptide receptors have been described in the
thymus supporting the concept of a close dialogue between the neuroendocrine and the
immune systems at the level of early T-cell differentiation. In this paper, we review
recent data about neurohypophysial (NHP)-related peptides detected in the thymus
from different species. We suggest that we are dealing in fact with other member(s) of
the NHP hormone family, which seems to exert its activity locally through a novel
model of cell-to-cell signaling, that of cryptocrine communication. This model involves
exchange of signals between thymic epithelial cells and developing thymocytes. The
NHP-related peptides have been shown to trigger thymocyte proliferation and could
induce immune tolerance of this highly conserved neuroendocrine family
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