668 research outputs found
Polarized Proton Beams from Laser-induced Plasmas
We report on the concept of an innovative source to produce polarized
proton/deuteron beams of a kinetic energy up to several GeV from a laser-driven
plasma accelerator. Spin effects have been implemented into the PIC simulation
code VLPL to make theoretical predictions about the behavior of proton spins in
laser-induced plasmas. Simulations of spin-polarized targets show that the
polarization is conserved during the acceleration process. For the experimental
realization, a polarized HCl gas-jet target is under construction using the
fundamental wavelength of a Nd:YAG laser system to align the HCl bonds and
simultaneously circular polarized light of the fifth harmonic to
photo-dissociate, yielding nuclear polarized H atoms. Subsequently, their
degree of polarization is measured with a Lamb-shift polarimeter. The final
experiments, aiming at the first observation of a polarized particle beam from
laser-generated plasmas, will be carried out at the 10 PW laser system SULF at
SIOM/Shanghai.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure
New determination of the mass of the eta meson at COSY-ANKE
A value for the mass of the eta meson has been determined at the COSY-ANKE
facility through the measurement of a set of deuteron laboratory beam momenta
and associated 3He center-of-mass momenta in the d+p -> 3He+X reaction. The eta
was then identified by the missing-mass peak and the production threshold
determined. The individual beam momenta were fixed with a relative precision of
3 x 10^-5 for values around 3 GeV/c by using a polarized deuteron beam and
inducing an artificial depolarizing spin resonance, which occurs at a
well-defined frequency. The final-state momenta in the two-body d+p -> 3He+eta
reaction were investigated in detail by studying the size of the 3He momentum
ellipse with the forward detection system of the ANKE spectrometer. Final
alignment of the spectrometer for this high precision experiment was achieved
through a comprehensive study of the 3He final-state momenta as a function of
the center-of-mass angles, taking advantage of the full geometrical acceptance.
The value obtained for the mass, m(eta)=(547.873 +- 0.005(stat) +- 0.027(syst))
MeV/c^2, is consistent and competitive with other recent measurements, in which
the meson was detected through its decay products.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, published versio
Silizium-basierte Lichtemitter : Neue Möglichkeiten für Lab-on-Chip Systeme?
Die Realisierung von Lichtemittern in herkömmlicher Siliziumtechnologie ist ein großer Traum der Mikroelektronik. Aufgrund seines indirekten Bandgaps ist Silizium prinzipiell schlecht als Lichtemitter geeignet. Teure und aufwendige andere Verfahren und Werkstoffe (z.B. Verbindungshalbleiter wie GaAs, GaN, SiC usw.) fanden Verwendung für Leuchtdioden und werden heute kommerziell eingesetzt. Diese sind jedoch nicht in herkömmliche Silizium-Chipstrukturen integrierbar. Die Integration in die Silizium – Technologie ist jedoch von eminenter Bedeutung für die kostengünstige Herstellung von Emitterarrays, die neben der Nutzung für integrierte Systeme der Mikrosystemtechnik und der optischen Informationsübertragung auf und zwischen Chips auch zur Lumineszenzanregung von Farbstoffmolekülen in Lab-on-Chip Systemen dienen können. Seit Anfang der 90er Jahre kann durch modifizierte Schichten und Strukturen im Nanometerbereich die bisherige Beschränkung des Siliziums überwunden werden. So können in Siliziumdioxid eingebettete Nanostrukturen aufgrund ihrer speziellen Eigenschaften zur Lumineszenz angeregt werden. In den hier beschriebenen Untersuchungen werden Nanostrukturen durch Ionenimplantation in thermisch auf einen Siliziumwafer (100, n-Typ) aufgewachsene SiO2 – Schichten erzeugt. Im Anschluß an die Ionenimplantation werden durch eine Temperung Strahlenschäden ausgeheilt und die Clusterbildung angeregt. Die so erhaltenen Nanocluster weisen Größen von 4 ... 6 nm auf. Als Frontkontakt der Lumineszenzstrukturen wird eine aufgesputterte transparente Indium-Zinnoxid (ITO) - Schicht lithographisch in kreisrunde Flächen von 0.2mm2 strukturiert. Der Rückseitenkontakt wird durch Al - Beschichtung der Wafersrückseite hergestellt
Absence of spin dependence in the final state interaction of the d(pol) p --> 3He eta reaction
The deuteron tensor analysing power t_{20} of the d(pol) p --> 3He eta
reaction has been measured at the COSY-ANKE facility in small steps in excess
energy Q up to Q = 11 MeV. Despite the square of the production amplitude
varying by over a factor of five through this range, t_{20} shows little or no
energy dependence. This is evidence that the final state interaction causing
the energy variation is not influenced by the spin configuration in the
entrance channel. The weak angular dependence observed for t_{20} provides
useful insight into the amplitude structure near threshold.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Kaon pair production in proton-nucleus collisions at 2.83 GeV kinetic energy
The production of non-phi K+K- pairs by protons of 2.83 GeV kinetic energy on
C, Cu, Ag, and Au targets has been investigated using the COSY-ANKE magnetic
spectrometer. The K- momentum dependence of the differential cross section has
been measured at small angles over the 0.2--0.9 GeV/c range. The comparison of
the data with detailed model calculations indicates an attractive K- -nucleus
potential of about -60 MeV at normal nuclear matter density at a mean momentum
of 0.5 GeV/c. However, this approach has difficulty in reproducing the
smallness of the observed cross sections at low K- momenta.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
Isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding rat liver cytosolic epoxide hydrolase and its functional expression in Escherichia coli
A cDNA of 1992 base pairs encoding the complete rat liver cytosolic epoxide hydrolase has been isolated using a polymerase chain reaction-derived DNA fragment (Arand, M., Knehr, M., Thomas, H., Zeller, H. D., and Oesch, F. (1991) FEBS Lett. 294, 19-22) known to represent the 3'-end of the cytosolic epoxide hydrolase mRNA. Sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1662 nucleotides corresponding to 554 amino acids (M(r) = 62,268). The DNA sequence obtained did not display significant homology to the sequences of microsomal epoxide hydrolase or leukotriene A4 hydrolase or to any other DNA included in the EMBL Data Bank (release 32). On Northern blotting of rat liver RNA, a single mRNA species was detected that was strongly induced on treatment of the animal with fenofibrate, a potent peroxisome proliferator. The most significant structure of the deduced protein is a modified peroxisomal targeting signal (Ser-Lys-Ile) at the carboxyl terminus that is regarded to be responsible for the unusual dual localization of the cytosolic epoxide hydrolase in peroxisomes as well as in the cytosol. In addition, a leucine zipper-like motif was identified at the amino terminus. Its possible implication for the observed dimeric structure of cytosolic epoxide hydrolase is discussed. The isolated cDNA was expressed in bacteria to yield a catalytically active enzyme. Specific activity of the crude lysate obtained exceeded that of rat liver cytosols from maximally induced animals by a factor of 8
Resonance-like coherent production of a pion pair in the reaction in the GeV region
The reaction was studied at 0.8-2.0 GeV proton
beam energies with the ANKE magnetic spectrometer at the COSY synchrotron
storage ring. The proton-deuteron pairs emerging with high momenta, 0.6-1.8
GeV/, were detected at small angles with respect to the proton beam.
Distribution over the reaction missing mass reveals a local enhancement
near the threshold of the pion pair production specific for the so-called ABC
effect. The enhancement has a structure of a narrow bump placed above a smooth
continuum. The invariant mass of the system in this enhancement
region exhibits a resonance-like peak at GeV/
with the width GeV/. A possible interpretation of
these features is discussed.Comment: 14 pages, 16 figures, submitted to Eur. Phys. J. A. v2: Added
references [42,43] in section IV.A. v3: revised version according to referee
remarks v4: revised version according to referee remark
The production of K+K- pairs in proton-proton collisions at 2.83 GeV
Differential and total cross sections for the pp -> ppK+K- reaction have been
measured at a proton beam energy of 2.83 GeV using the COSY-ANKE magnetic
spectrometer. Detailed model descriptions fitted to a variety of
one-dimensional distributions permit the separation of the pp -> pp phi cross
section from that of non-phi production. The differential spectra show that
higher partial waves represent the majority of the pp -> pp phi total cross
section at an excess energy of 76 MeV, whose energy dependence would then seem
to require some s-wave phi-p enhancement near threshold. The non-phi data can
be described in terms of the combined effects of two-body final state
interactions using the same effective scattering parameters determined from
lower energy data.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures, 3 table
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