Characterization of pseudobasophilia on Sysmex-XT 1800i automated hematology analyser

Background: Pseudobasophilia is a common automation related phenomenon which requires manual peripheral smear study in an era of complete automation. This study has attempted to evaluate the reasons for pseudobasophilia and in-turn suggest measures to eliminate the errors.Methods: A sample size of 207 cases showing pseudobasophilia on automation were studied by manual peripheral examination to categorize the possible cause for its occurrence. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was carried out. Results on continuous measurements are presented on Mean SD and results on categorical measurements are presented in Number (%). Significance is assessed at 5% level of significance. Student t test has been used to find the significance of study parameters on continuous scale within each group.Results: Atypical/ reactive lymphocytes were present in 86.5% cases contributing to pseudobasophilia phenomenon on automation, which also showed falsely increased absolute basophil count with more percentage of lymphocytes showing reactive changes. Temperature and storage effects did not contribute to their occurrence in this study. Another finding was an associated pseudomonocytosis with pseudobasophilia on automation which was statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusions: Pseudobasophilia, and pseudomonocytosis are automation related phenomenon. Atypical/ reactive lymphocytes, which are cytoplasmic strip resistant, contribute to their occurrence. Hence, newer modalities like multicolour flow cytometry coupled with antibody tagging, multiangle polarised scatter separation and volume conductivity scatter may reduce the chances of pseudobasophilia, thereby reducing the overall turnaround time

Perceived Entrepreneurial Training Needs of Trainees of Krishi Vigyan Kendras in Kerala

The present study was conducted in the state of Kerala to analyse the training needs of 100 trainees of five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVK). The findings indicated that the packaging &amp; marketing of mushroom and post harvest handling value addition were the most preferred training areas by the KVK trainees in mushroom production. In apiculture, honey extraction essential operations was perceived as the most needed area of training. In the area of value addition of fruits and vegetables, technology upgradation and packaging marketing techniques were the most preferred areas by the trainees. Relational analysis revealed that socio-economic variables like educational status and annual income, communication variables like extension contact and mass media exposure and entrepreneurial variables like entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurial need, entrepreneurial capacity, innovativeness,achievement motivation, decision making ability, risk orientation, self confidence, cosmopoliteness andeconomic motivation were found positively and significantly correlated with training needs. The KVKsshould take concrete efforts to organize need based entrepreneurship development training programmesto improve effectiveness

APOPTOTIC INDUCTION POTENTIALS OF BACOPA MONERI AGAINST ORAL CANCER CELL LINE

Aim: To assess the apoptotic induction potentials of Bacopa monnieri against oral cancer cell.Objective: This research is done to find the apoptotic induction potentials of B. monnieri against oral cancer cell line.Background: The apoptosis is a process of programed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. Biochemical events lead to characteristic cellchanges and death. The initiation of apoptosis is tightly regulated by activation mechanisms, because once apoptosis has begun, it inevitably leadsto the death of the cell. The two best-understood activation mechanisms are the intrinsic pathway (also called the mitochondrial pathway) and theextrinsic pathway.Methods: The apoptotic induction potential of B. monnieri was studied on KB cell line by investigating the activation of caspase 3 and caspase 9.Reason: Oral cancer is a growing concern due to the changes in lifestyle. The treatment for this disease has been degraded the patient's health bycausing various side effects. An effective treatment for the long run is necessary. Usable of herbal plants can serve to be a possible and very effective remedy.Results: Apoptotic induction potentials of B. monnieri against oral cancer cell line were studied.Conclusion: Caspase 3 and caspase 9 was activated thus proving the apoptotic potential of B. monnieri.Keywords: Bacopa monnieri, oral cancer, apoptotic induction

Correlation of thrombocytopenia with degree of atypical lymphocytosis as a prognostic indicator in dengue

Background: Dengue viral infections may occur as epidemics and are of public health concern in India especially due to high mortality in advanced stages. Early diagnosis and treatment reduces the mortality significantly. To assess the utility of atypical lymphocyte counts with relation to platelet counts as a marker for severe dengue.Methods: A total of 132 serologically proven (by rapid card method) cases of dengue with atypical lymphocytosis (≥10%) and thrombocytopenia (<150×109/l) were analyzed during November 2016. The complete blood counts (obtained from automated hematology analyzer and Leishman stained peripheral smears) were analyzed.Results: Dengue infections were mostly seen in younger age (12-25 years) with slight male predominance. The relevant haematology findings noted were leukopenia in 36% and severe thrombocytopenia (<50×109/l) in 57% of cases. The differential count showed lymphocytosis in 64% with significant (≥20%) atypical lymphocytes in 52% which inversely correlated with platelet counts. Atypical lymphocytosis (≥20%) was noted in 9% of cases with mild as against 32% of severe thrombocytopenia.Conclusions: Atypical lymphocyte count can be used as predictor of severe thrombocytopenia and severe dengue. This helps in early diagnosis and proper management and drastic reduction in mortality

Gaschromatography Mass Spectrometry GC MS Determination of Bioactive Components from Aervalanata. (L.) Whole Plant

Aervalanata L. belongs to the family of Amaranthaceae, found in the tropical regions. Traditionally, this plant is known for antimicrobial, anthelminthic, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, diuretic, nephroprotective, cytotoxic, and antihyperlipidemic activities. As yet no further characteristic study has been conducted from ethanolic extract of this species, therefore in this present study we seek to identify and evaluate the bioactive compounds from the ethanolic extracts of Aervalanata L whole plant by using the GCMS. Result of this research work reports twenty-eight compounds. The identified chemical compounds were correlated with the NIST Mass Spectrum Library.In conclusion, we seek to provide additional information on the clinical significance and pharmacological information associated with this plant

Long-term application of fertilizers on chemical and biological properties of an Alfisol

A long term fertilizer experiment (30 years) at Bengaluru had been started during 1986 with eleven treat-ments and four replications in an Alfisol on finger millet (Elusine coracana) maize (Zea mays) cropping sequence. The results of the ongoing experiment after 27 cycles of finger millet and maize on changes in soil chemical proper-ties revealed that application of inorganics alone resulted in impaired soil fertility status (soil pH, organic carbon con-tent and available nutrients in soil were decreased) over balanced fertilizer application. There was a decline in soil reaction over the initial status and the maximum decrease was observed in 100 % NP (-1.46), 100 % N (-1.20) and other treatments. Application of 100 % NPK+FYM+lime maintained the soil pH (6.2) compared to all the other treat-ments. Organic carbon content of soil in all the treatments was higher (6.46 g kg-1) compared to the initial status; however, maximum increase in organic carbon content was registered on application of NPK+FYM. Application of 10 t ha-1 along with recommended dose of fertilizers and lime was found promising in term of sustaining crop and soil productivity

Comparative efficacious study between preoperative pregabalin and gabapentin on postoperative pain in abdominal hysterectomy: an institutional experience

Background: Pain is a consistent and predominant complaint following surgical intervention including abdominal open hysterectomy. A multimodal approach has been suggested to improve postoperative analgesia and to reduce opioid related side effects. In this context we conducted a comparative study on efficacy between gabapentin and pregabalin on postoperative pain relief.Methods: In this prospective randomised study, 60 patients were divided in to two arms group G and group P. 900 mg of gabapentin and 300 mg of pregabalin were administered orally one hour before spinal anaesthesia to respective groups. Hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate, mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate was monitored pre, per and postoperatively. Also, the need for first analgesic dose and visual analog pain score were documented in all subjects of both groups. Statistical analysis with SPSS 16.0 performed.Results: There was significant fall in mean arterial pressure in group G than group P patients. Further the fall in mean pulse rate was more in group G compared to group P throughout pre, per and post-operative phases. In terms of mean postoperative time required for first dose of analgesic drug, pregabalin and gabapentin was required after 7 and 5 hours respectively. There was a statistically significant change in Visual Analogue Scale, showing pregabalin as better drug than gabapentin in post operative pain control with score 5 and 7 respectively.Conclusions: Pre-emptive analgesia with pregabalin appears to be superior to gabapentin as a part of multimodal perioperative pain management in abdominal hysterectomy

Autonomous Motility of Active Filaments due to Spontaneous Flow-Symmetry Breaking

We simulate the nonlocal Stokesian hydrodynamics of an elastic filament which is active due a permanent distribution of stresslets along its contour. A bending instability of an initially straight filament spontaneously breaks flow symmetry and leads to autonomous filament motion which, depending on conformational symmetry, can be translational or rotational. At high ratios of activity to elasticity, the linear instability develops into nonlinear fluctuating states with large amplitude deformations. The dynamics of these states can be qualitatively understood as a superposition of translational and rotational motion associated with filament conformational modes of opposite symmetry. Our results can be tested in molecular-motor filament mixtures, synthetic chains of autocatalytic particles, or other linearly connected systems where chemical energy is converted to mechanical energy in a fluid environment.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures; contains supplemental text; movies at http://proofideas.org/rjoy/gallery; published in Physical Review Letter

Central giant cell reparative granuloma of the maxilla in a 5-year-old child- A case Report

Central Giant Reparative Granuloma is a non-neoplastic lesion that most commonly affects the mandible and is uncommon in children. This case-report detailed the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and recall of a 5-year-old boy. The oral lesion is erythematous and consists of a 4x3 cm well-demarcated swelling on the anterior maxilla that extends across the midline and covers the entire length of the palate till the junction of the hard and soft palate. Upon radiographic and histologic investigation, it was conclusive of Central giant cell reparative granuloma (CGCG). The treatment comprised of a conservative approach that included excision of the lesion, thereby reducing the risk of tooth and bone loss