94 research outputs found
Learned Lock-free Search Data Structures
Non-blocking search data structures offer scalability with a progress
guarantee on high-performance multi-core architectures. In the recent past,
"learned queries" have gained remarkable attention. It refers to predicting the
rank of a key computed by machine learning models trained to infer the
cumulative distribution function of an ordered dataset. A line of works
exhibits the superiority of learned queries over classical query algorithms.
Yet, to our knowledge, no existing non-blocking search data structure employs
them. In this paper, we introduce \textbf{Kanva}, a framework for learned
non-blocking search. Kanva has an intuitive yet non-trivial design: traverse
down a shallow hierarchy of lightweight linear models to reach the
"non-blocking bins," which are dynamic ordered search structures. The proposed
approach significantly outperforms the current state-of-the-art -- non-blocking
interpolation search trees and elimination (a,b) trees -- in many workload and
data distributions. Kanva is provably linearizable
Formulation and characterization of liposomal glutathione as a key component in mitigation of Kwashiorkor disease in children with malnutrition
Background. Kwashiorkor disease is due to deficiency of protein in malnutrition condition. Malnutrition is one of the major drawbacks among the Indian children. In India, the impact of undernutrition among impoverished children is disproportionately felt in rural areas. Due to the unequal distribution of food within the household and the consumption of foods with low nutritional qualities, increases the percent of malnutrition in children. Objective. To formulate liposomal glutathione as a potent high antioxidant agent for delivery nutritional effect in nutraceutical formulations and other food supplements for boosting immunity through combating Kwashiorkor disease during
malnutrition condition in children. Method. Nanoliposome of glutathione was formulated by ethanol injection method via formation of organic and aqueous phases. Further, morphology of the formulated liposomal glutathione was characterized using cryo-TEM and confirmed for suitability in nutraceuticals as immune enhancers in children. Result. Glutathione was successfully entrapped in lipid as nanoformulations. Cyro-TEM analysis resulted the shape of the
particles are spherical with 0.1 ”M average diameter. Conclusion. The overall result concluded that liposomal glutathione is very effective in formulation of nutraceutical as well as food supplements as potent immune booster for children and reduce protein deficiency in malnutrition to cure Kwashiorkor disease
Improved protocol for plasma microRNA extraction and comparison of commercial kits
MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNA molecules that are becoming popular biomarkers in several diseases. However, their low abundance in serum/plasma poses a challenge in exploiting their potential in clinics. Several commercial kits are available for rapid isolation of microRNA from plasma. However, reports guiding the selection of appropriate kits to study downstream assays are scarce. Hence, we compared four commercial kits to evaluate microRNA-extraction from plasma and provided a modified protocol that further improved the superior kitâs performance.
We compared four kits (miRNeasy Serum/Plasma, miRNeasy Mini Kit from Qiagen; RNA-isolation, and Absolutely-RNA MicroRNA Kit from Agilent technologies) for quality and quantity of microRNA isolated, extraction efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Bioanalyzer-based Agilent Small RNA kit was used to evaluate quality and quantity of microRNA. Extraction efficiency was evaluated by detection of four endogenous control microRNA using real-time-PCR. Further, we modified the manufacturerâs protocol for miRNeasy Serum/Plasma kit to improve yield.
miRNeasy Serum/Plasma kit outperformed the other three kits in microRNA-quality (P < 0.005) and yielded maximum microRNA-quantity. Recovery of endogenous control microRNA i.e. hsa-miR-24-3p, hsa-miR-191-5p, hsa-miR-423-5p and hsa-miR-484 was higher as well. Modification with the inclusion of a double elution step enhanced yield of microRNA extracted with miRNeasy Serum/Plasma kit significantly (P < 0.001).
We demonstrated that miRNeasy Serum/Plasma kit outperforms other kits and can be reliably used with a limited plasma quantity. We have provided a modified microRNA-extraction protocol with improved microRNA output for downstream analyses
RUFY1 binds Arl8b and mediates endosome-to-TGN CI-M6PR retrieval for cargo sorting to lysosomes
Arl8b, an Arf-like GTP-binding protein, regulates cargo trafficking and positioning of lysosomes. However, it is unknown whether Arl8b regulates lysosomal cargo sorting. Here, we report that Arl8b binds to the Rab4 and Rab14 interaction partner, RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein (RUFY) 1, a known regulator of cargo sorting from recycling endosomes. Arl8b determines RUFY1 endosomal localization through regulating its interaction with Rab14. RUFY1 depletion led to a delay in CI-M6PR retrieval from endosomes to the TGN, resulting in impaired delivery of newly synthesized hydrolases to lysosomes. We identified the dynein-dynactin complex as an RUFY1 interaction partner, and similar to a subset of activating dynein adaptors, the coiled-coil region of RUFY1 was required for interaction with dynein and the ability to mediate dynein-dependent organelle clustering. Our findings suggest that Arl8b and RUFY1 play a novel role on recycling endosomes, from where this machinery regulates endosomes to TGN retrieval of CI-M6PR and, consequently, lysosomal cargo sorting
Globular Cluster UVIT legacy Survey (GlobUleS) III. Omega Centauri in Far-Ultraviolet
We present the first comprehensive study of the most massive globular cluster
Omega Centauri in the far-ultraviolet (FUV) extending from the center to ~ 28%
of the tidal radius using the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope aboard AstroSat. A
comparison of the FUV-optical color-magnitude diagrams with available canonical
models reveals that the horizontal branch (HB) stars bluer than the knee (hHBs)
and the white dwarfs (WDs) are fainter in the FUV by ~ 0.5 mag than model
predictions. They are also fainter than their counterparts in M13, another
massive cluster. We simulated HB with at least five subpopulations, including
three He-rich populations with a substantial He enrichment of Y up to 0.43 dex,
to reproduce the observed FUV distribution. We find the He-rich younger
subpopulations to be radially more segregated than the He-normal older ones,
suggesting an in-situ enrichment from older generations. The Omega Cen hHBs
span the same effective temperature range as their M13 counterparts, but some
have smaller radii and lower luminosities. This may suggest that a fraction of
Omega Cen hHBs are less massive than those of M13, similar to the result
derived from earlier spectroscopic studies of outer extreme HB stars. The WDs
in Omega Cen and M13 have similar luminosity-radius-effective temperature
parameters, and 0.44 - 0.46 M He-core WD model tracks evolving from
progenitors with Y = 0.4 dex are found to fit the majority of these. This study
provides constraints on the formation models of Omega Cen based on the
estimated range in age, [Fe/H] and Y (in particular), for the HB stars.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJL; 13 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
"The fruits of independence": Satyajit Ray, Indian nationhood and the spectre of empire
Challenging the longstanding consensus that Satyajit Ray's work is largely free of ideological concerns and notable only for its humanistic richness, this article shows with reference to representations of British colonialism and Indian nationhood that Ray's films and stories are marked deeply and consistently by a distinctively Bengali variety of liberalism. Drawn from an ongoing biographical project, it commences with an overview of the nationalist milieu in which Ray grew up and emphasizes the preoccupation with colonialism and nationalism that marked his earliest unfilmed scripts. It then shows with case studies of Kanchanjangha (1962), Charulata (1964), First Class Kamra (First-Class Compartment, 1981), Pratidwandi (The Adversary, 1970), Shatranj ke Khilari (The Chess Players, 1977), Agantuk (The Stranger, 1991) and Robertsoner Ruby (Robertson's Ruby, 1992) how Ray's mature work continued to combine a strongly anti-colonial viewpoint with a shifting perspective on Indian nationhood and an unequivocal commitment to cultural cosmopolitanism. Analysing how Ray articulated his ideological positions through the quintessentially liberal device of complexly staged debates that were apparently free, but in fact closed by the scenarist/director on ideologically specific notes, this article concludes that Ray's reputation as an all-forgiving, âeverybody-has-his-reasonsâ humanist is based on simplistic or even tendentious readings of his work
Low-latency gravitational wave alert products and their performance in anticipation of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run
Multi-messenger searches for binary neutron star (BNS) and neutron star-black
hole (NSBH) mergers are currently one of the most exciting areas of astronomy.
The search for joint electromagnetic and neutrino counterparts to gravitational
wave (GW)s has resumed with Advanced LIGO (aLIGO)'s, Advanced Virgo (AdVirgo)'s
and KAGRA's fourth observing run (O4). To support this effort, public
semi-automated data products are sent in near real-time and include
localization and source properties to guide complementary observations.
Subsequent refinements, as and when available, are also relayed as updates. In
preparation for O4, we have conducted a study using a simulated population of
compact binaries and a Mock Data Challenge (MDC) in the form of a real-time
replay to optimize and profile the software infrastructure and scientific
deliverables. End-to-end performance was tested, including data ingestion,
running online search pipelines, performing annotations, and issuing alerts to
the astrophysics community. In this paper, we present an overview of the
low-latency infrastructure as well as an overview of the performance of the
data products to be released during O4 based on a MDC. We report on expected
median latencies for the preliminary alert of full bandwidth searches (29.5 s)
and for the creation of early warning triggers (-3.1 s), and show consistency
and accuracy of released data products using the MDC. This paper provides a
performance overview for LVK low-latency alert structure and data products
using the MDC in anticipation of O4
Deep phenotyping and genomic data from a nationally representative study on dementia in India
The Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI-DAD) is a nationally representative in-depth study of cognitive aging and dementia. We present a publicly available dataset of harmonized cognitive measures of 4,096 adults 60 years of age and older in India, collected across 18 states and union territories. Blood samples were obtained to carry out whole blood and serum-based assays. Results are included in a venous blood specimen datafile that can be linked to the Harmonized LASI-DAD dataset. A global screening array of 960 LASI-DAD respondents is also publicly available for download, in addition to neuroimaging data on 137 LASI-DAD participants. Altogether, these datasets provide comprehensive information on older adults in India that allow researchers to further understand risk factors associated with cognitive impairment and dementia.Peer reviewe
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