HIV/AIDS, Human Rights, and Legal Services in Uganda

Based on interviews, examines the legal and policy framework affecting the rights of people living with HIV/AIDS. Recommends integrating legal aid into HIV services, strategic litigation, legal empowerment, advocacy, and creating support mechanisms

No Turning Back

Stigma, criminal laws, and punitive policing practices harm sex workers, including their health. In response, a growing number of authorities across the world have called for the decriminalization of sex work and support to sex worker–led organizations. However, the way sex worker groups engage with law enforcement, health providers, and their own communities to address these concerns has received much less attention.The six case studies presented in this publication—in Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Ukraine, South Africa, and Zimbabwe—offer a look at real-life sex worker–led programming that has reduced police abuse, health risks, and other adverse impacts of bad laws and law enforcement on sex workers

Integrating Human Rights in Program Evaluation: Lessons From Law and Health Programs in Kenya

Methods for assessing both the inclusion and impact of human rights within health program design and implementation are still nascent. We used human rights concepts and methods to evaluate the programs of three Kenyan nongovernmental organizations that integrate legal and health services as a means to empower key populations to better understand and claim their rights and improve their access to health care and justice. Drawing on evaluation experiences and results, this paper demonstrates that the systematic application of human rights principles and strategies can support the conceptualization of monitoring and evaluation objectives through logic model design, the identification and selection of appropriate evaluation measures, and the analysis of evaluation data. This evaluation represents an important step in moving human rights–related evaluation work beyond the mere conceptual and into the operational. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., and the American Evaluation Association

Access to justice: evaluating law, health and human rights programmes in Kenya

Introduction: In Kenya, human rights violations have a marked impact on the health of people living with HIV. Integrating legal literacy and legal services into healthcare appears to be an effective strategy to empower vulnerable groups and address underlying determinants of health. Methods: We carried out an evaluation to collect evidence about the impact of legal empowerment programmes on health and human rights. The evaluation focused on Open Society Foundation-supported legal integration activities at four sites: the Academic Model of Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH) facility, where the Legal Aid Centre of Eldoret (LACE) operates, in Eldoret; Kenyatta National Hospital's Gender-based Violence Recovery Centre, which hosts the COVAW legal integration program; and Christian Health Association of Kenya (CHAK) facilities in Mombasa and Naivasha. In consultation with the organizations implementing the programs, we designed a conceptual logic model grounded in human rights principles, identified relevant indicators and then coded structure, process and outcome indicators for the rights-related principles they reflect. The evaluation included a resource assessment questionnaire, a review of program records and routine data, and semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with clients and service providers. Data were collected in May–August 2010 and April–June 2011. Results: Clients showed a notable increase in practical knowledge and awareness about how to access legal aid and claim their rights, as well as an enhanced ability to communicate with healthcare providers and to improve their access to healthcare and justice. In turn, providers became more adept at identifying human rights violations and other legal difficulties, which enabled them to give clients basic information about their rights, refer them to legal aid and assist them in accessing needed support. Methodological challenges in evaluating such activities point to the need to strengthen rights-oriented evaluation methods. Conclusions: Legal empowerment programmes have the potential to promote accountability, reduce stigma and discrimination and contribute to altering unjust structures and systems. Given their apparent value as a health and human rights intervention, particularly for marginalized populations, further rigorous evaluations are called for to support the scale-up of such programmes