Viewpoint dependency in the recognition of dynamic scenes

In 3 experiments, the question of viewpoint dependency in mental representations of dynamic scenes was addressed. Participants viewed film clips of soccer episodes from 1 or 2 viewpoints; they were then required to discriminate between video stills of the original episode and distractors. Recognition performance was measured in terms of accuracy and speed. The degree of viewpoint deviation between the initial presentation and the test stimuli was varied, as was both the point of time presented by the video stills and participants ’ soccer expertise. Findings suggest that viewers develop a viewpointdependent mental representation similar to the spatial characteristics of the original episode presentation, even if the presentation was spatially inhomogeneous. This article examines one aspect of visual scene perception, namely, whether the specific viewpoint from which a dynamic scene is observed is part of its cognitive representation. For example, consider a televised soccer match. Does the cognitive representation of a pass that leads to a decisive goal strictly depend on the camera viewpoint from which it was shown on television, or would one be able to recognize it with the same speed an

Fandom biases retrospective judgments not perception

Attitudes and motivations have been shown to affect the processing of visual input, indicating that observers may see a given situation each literally in a different way. Yet, in real-life, processing information in an unbiased manner is considered to be of high adaptive value. Attitudinal and motivational effects were found for attention, characterization, categorization, and memory. On the other hand, for dynamic real-life events, visual processing has been found to be highly synchronous among viewers. Thus, while in a seminal study fandom as a particularly strong case of attitudes did bias judgments of a sports event, it left the question open whether attitudes do bias prior processing stages. Here, we investigated influences of fandom during the live TV broadcasting of the 2013 UEFA-Champions-League Final regarding attention, event segmentation, immediate and delayed cued recall, as well as affect, memory confidence, and retrospective judgments. Even though we replicated biased retrospective judgments, we found that eye-movements, event segmentation, and cued recall were largely similar across both groups of fans. Our findings demonstrate that, while highly involving sports events are interpreted in a fan dependent way, at initial stages they are processed in an unbiased manner