mHealth Health Service Coverage Increase Impact Model.

<p>SOURCE: Authors.</p

Neonatal Mortality Impacts by Various MNH Interventions and Coverage Scenarios in Bangladesh and Uganda in 2015.

<p>SOURCE: <i>LiST.</i></p><p>Note: ()*** is a percentage change in NMR from baseline in 2011 to 2015.</p

Additional file 4: Figure S3. of Mobile Technology for Community Health in Ghana: what happens when technical functionality threatens the effectiveness of digital health programs?

Proportion of messages sent out of those expected across the continuum of care by district. Trends in system generated data on message delivery. (DOCX 73 kb

Additional file 2: Table S1. of Mobile Technology for Community Health in Ghana: what happens when technical functionality threatens the effectiveness of digital health programs?

Summary metrics for assessing program effectiveness including technological and behavioral components. (DOCX 31 kb

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Mobile Technology for Community Health in Ghana: what happens when technical functionality threatens the effectiveness of digital health programs?

Data flows through the MOTECH system reproduced with permission from [1]. (DOCX 150 kb

<i>LiST</i> Interventions and Coverage Increase Scenarios in Bangladesh and Uganda (input parameters of baseline year in 2011 and target year in 2015).

<p>SOURCE: <i>LiST.</i></p><p>Notes: For detailed definitions and data sources, see <i>LiST</i> manuals and published articles <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102224#pone.0102224-Fox1" target="_blank">[56]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102224#pone.0102224-Winfrey1" target="_blank">[61]</a><a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102224#pone.0102224-USAID1" target="_blank">[67]</a>;baseline coverage data were compiled from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS: Uganda and Bangladesh, 2011); Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS Round 3: Bangladesh, 2006).</p><p>*Coverage measure of SBA includes coverage measure of FD. Thus we modeled coverage increase for SBA and FD simultaneously as 10%, 30%, and 50%. Data course of SBA and FD is from DHS/MICS and percentages of home deliveries and facility deliveries are based on <i>LiST</i> imbedded algorithms.</p><p>**Estimations of home deliveries (unassisted deliveries, assisted deliveries at home), facility deliveries (essential care, BEmOC, CEmOC), exclusive breastfeeding, predominant breastfeeding, and partial breastfeeding are derived from the <i>LiST</i> imbedded algorithms.</p><p><b>Antenatal care (ANC 4+):</b> Percent of pregnant women with at least 4 antenatal care visits during their pregnancy. The intervention includes Routine (TT, IPTp, Syphilis detection and treatment), Nutritional (Calcium supplementation), Case management (Diabetes, Management of pre-eclampsia), Other (Fetal growth restriction detection and management). This analysis does not include iron-folic acid. Data source of ANC is from DHS/MICS.</p><p><b>Skilled Birth Attendance (SBA):</b> Percent of children born who are attended by a skilled attendance, including doctors, nurses, midwives- in a facility or home. An SBA in the home is defined as a skilled birth attendant who deliveries the infant at home without benefit of referral to a facility in case of emergency. An SBA in a facility is defined as a medically skilled attendant who has the ability and facilities needed to monitor labor progress with a partograph and detect complications. Episiotomy is available, if needed. Infection control is covered under clean birth practices; <b>Facility delivery (FD):</b> Percent of children born in an institution. Unassisted deliveries: Percent of deliveries without skilled attendance in the home.</p><p>- Assisted deliveries at home: Percent of deliveries with a skilled attendant in the home.</p><p>- Essential care: Percent of deliveries including monitoring labor progress with a partograph, detection of complications and infection control via a clean delivery, Episiotomy is available, if needed. For the neonate, this includes routine care practices including: immediate drying, skin-to-skin contact or immediate wrapping for thermal care and clean cord cutting.</p><p>- BEmOC (Basic Emergency Obstetric Care): Percent of deliveries at a health center and covers case management of direct obstetric complications. The intervention includes: Case management of ante-partum hemorrhage, prolonged/obstructed labor, post-partum hemorrhage and severe infection. <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102224#s2" target="_blank">Methods</a> include: shock management, pain relief, ABC, IV fluids, instrumental delivery and manual removal of the placenta and retained products.</p><p>- CEmOC (Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric Care): Percent of deliveries at a hospital and covers case management of direct obstetric complications. In addition to including all interventions in Basic Emergency Obstetric Care, additional methods include: ultrasound, culdocentesis, induction, laparotomy, salpingectomy, blood transfusion, caesarian section, hysterectomy, symphisiotomy, balloon tamponade, uterine ligature, MRVOP, surgical infection control and episiotomy.</p><p>- Users can change any of the assumptions in the <i>LiST</i> by simply uncheck the box ‘Allow <i>LiST</i> to calculate place and level of delivery’ to allow direct entry of these values. The sum of all five delivery levels must be no more than 100%. Note that the values listed assume the highest level of care that is available for that particular delivery. So the percent of deliveries with essential care selected assume that none of these pregnancies have BEmOC or CEmOC available.</p><p><b>Exclusive breastfeeding (BF):</b> Percent of children 0–11 months receiving only breast milk for food (plus medication, vaccines, and vitamins).</p><p><b>Preventative postnatal care (PNC):</b> Percent of infants with a postnatal health contact/visit within 2 days of birth.</p

Examples of mHealth programs on MNH services through CHWs.

<p>SOURCE: Compiled from references <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102224#pone.0102224-Chib1" target="_blank">[13]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102224#pone.0102224-Lund1" target="_blank">[22]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102224#pone.0102224-Mitchell1" target="_blank">[25]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102224#pone.0102224-Mobile2" target="_blank">[28]</a>–<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102224#pone.0102224-Healthcare1" target="_blank">[29]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102224#pone.0102224-Curioso1" target="_blank">[30]</a>–<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102224#pone.0102224-Lund2" target="_blank">[34]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102224#pone.0102224-Lund3" target="_blank">[40]</a>–<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102224#pone.0102224-Musoke1" target="_blank">[45]</a>.</p

Additional file 1: of eRegistries: Electronic registries for maternal and child health

Systematic review methodology supplementing information. (DOCX 141 kb