Eladio Dieste and Felix Candela: a comparative analysis

p. 1562-1573Eladio Dieste and Félix Candela are both internationally known for their elegant designs of vaulted structures built in the mid 20th century. Dieste built his with reinforced brick masonry in his homeland of Uruguay. Candela built his most renowned structures with reinforced concrete in Mexico, which was his adopted county after being exiled from Spain. The choice of materials was partly based on the social context of the country at the time and in both cases it led to economical solutions. This paper examines that social context and the influence that it had on Dieste's and Candela's designs. It also compares the construction process of each designer and their sensitivity to aesthetics in arriving at the forms. The research shows that while both Dieste and Candela built with a different material and geometric form, both had similar design values and talents that made their structures efficient, economical, and elegant. These values and talents are: discipline of form, a builder's approach, an aesthetic intent, sensitivity to the social context, and a strong nowledge of engineering analysis.Lee, J.; Garlock, MEM. (2010). Eladio Dieste and Felix Candela: a comparative analysis. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/715

Felix Candela's Legacy

p. 154-161Félix Candela was a world-renowned engineer, builder, and structural artist of thin-shell concrete-roof structures in the mid 20th century. Although a native of Spain, his exile to Mexico at the end of the Spanish Civil War provided the New World locale in which he created all his major works. Through an examination of his self-proclaimed favorite structures (Miraculous Medal Church, Restaurant at Xochimilco, the Bacardi Rum factory, and the Chapel at Cuernavaca), plus his first hyperbolic paraboloid shell (Cosmic Rays Laboratory) and his umbrella shells that comprised the bulk of his work, we give insight into Candela¿s ideas and genius. In this way the legacy of such structural artists provides an essential part of engineering education and of the means for greatly improving the practice of structural design.Garlock, MEM.; Billington, DP. (2009). Felix Candela's Legacy. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/648

Closed-form Procedure for Predicting the Capacity and Demand of Steel Beam-Columns under Fire

[EN] During a fire, columns on the perimeter of a building will be subject to moments induced by both a thermal gradient and the restraint of axial expansion by adjacent heated beams, which themselves develop axial load. These members thus act as beam-columns because they are then subject to a combination of axial load plus moment caused by a combination of gravity plus thermal loading. This paper presents a two-pronged procedure to predict the behavior of the perimeter column as a beam-column, considering both the individual member response (including thermal gradients) and the global response (including the interactions of adjacent members). All methods discussed in the paper are closed-form (i.e., they require no iteration) and can therefore be solved by using a spreadsheet or simple mathematical algorithm. The framework is sufficiently simple for use in codified structural-fire design and could be included in a reference of performancebased analysis methods for steel structures. Although this paper specifically addresses the performance of columns on the perimeter of buildings, the proposed framework can be a blueprint for the performance-based analysis of other beam-columns, such as floor beams.The research presented in this paper is based on work that is cosponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) (under Grant No. CMMI-0652282) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) (under Grant No. 60NANB7D6121). Dr. Quiel's involvement with this research project began while on appointment as a U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Fellow under the DHS Scholarship and Fellowship Program, which is administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) for DHS through an interagency agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). ORISE is managed by Oak Ridge Associated Universities under DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22750. Dr. Paya-Zaforteza has been involved with this research project while on appointment as a Postdoctoral Fellow under the Program for Postdoctoral Stays administered by the Spanish Ministry of Education (contract number EX-2008-0669). All opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this paper are the authors' and do not necessarily reflect the policies and views of the NSF, NIST, DHS, DOE, ORISE or the Spanish Ministry of Education.Quiel, SE.; Moreyra Garlock, ME.; Paya-Zaforteza, I. (2011). Closed-form Procedure for Predicting the Capacity and Demand of Steel Beam-Columns under Fire. Journal of Structural Engineering. 139(9):967-976. doi:10.1061/ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000443S967976139

Alexander Scordelis Memorial Session: Thin Shell Concrete Structures

IASS-IACM 2008 Session: Alexander Scordelis Memorial Session: Thin Shell Concrete Structures -- Note: Video is available for the Keynote Lectures by Billington, Meyer and Willam -- Session Organizers: Maria GARLOCK (Princeton University), John ABEL (Cornell Univ.) -- Keynote Lecture and Video: "Alexander Scordelis: Friend, colleague and mentor" by David P. BILLINGTON (Princeton University) -- Keynote Lecture and Video: "Alexander C. Scordelis and concrete shells" by Christian MEYER (Columbia University) -- Keynote Lecture and Video: "Alexander C. Scordelis: Legacy in finite element analysis of reinforced concrete" by Kaspar J. WILLAM (University of Colorado) -- Keynote Lecture: "Alex C. Scordelis? great achievements in bridge engineering ? From computer programs to the Golden Gate Bridge retrofit" by Ekkehard RAMM (Stuttgart University) -- "3-D pushover analysis of a collapsed reinforced concrete chimney" by Wei HUANG (KPFF Consulting Engineers), Phillip L. GOULD (Washington University) -- "Structural optimization of concrete hyperbolic paraboloid umbrella shells" by Powell DRAPER, Maria E. Moreyra GARLOCK, David P. BILLINGTON (Princeton University) -- "Delamination in a two-layer thin-shell concrete dome with unanticipated construction openings" by Sinead C. MAC NAMARA (Syracuse University) -- "Testing, modeling and constructing wood-plastic composite Catalan vaults" by Edmond SALIKLIS, Kyle WHITE (Cal Poly) -- "Concrete vaulting in Imperial Rome: A structural analysis of the Great Hall of Trajan's Markets" by Renato PERUCCHIO, Philip BRUNE (University of Rochester) -- "Numerical study of steel corrosion in concrete shell members" by O. Burkan ISGOR, Mohammad POUR-GHAZ, Pouria GHODS (Carleton University