Shifting Bordering and Rescue Practices in the Central Mediterranean Sea, October 2013-October 2015

This counter‐mapping project illustrates the areas of intervention of different operations geared toward rescue and enforcement between 2013 and 2015, including the Italian Navy's “Mare Nostrum” search and rescue mission, the EU border agency Frontex's “Triton” enforcement operation, the humanitarian interventions of commercial vessels, and the action of civil‐society rescue vessels such as those operated by Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF—Doctors Without Borders). The project offers a spatial understanding of the Mediterranean border‐scape, the practices of rescue and enforcement that occur within it, and the risk of sea‐crossing at this particular moment. Through these maps, the Central Mediterranean Sea emerges as a striking laboratory from which novel legal arrangements, surveillance technologies, and institutional assemblages converge

Shifting Bordering and Rescue Practices in the Central Mediterranean Sea, October 2013–October 2015

This counter‐mapping project illustrates the areas of intervention of different operations geared toward rescue and enforcement between 2013 and 2015, including the Italian Navy's “Mare Nostrum” search and rescue mission, the EU border agency Frontex's “Triton” enforcement operation, the humanitarian interventions of commercial vessels, and the action of civil‐society rescue vessels such as those operated by Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF—Doctors Without Borders). The project offers a spatial understanding of the Mediterranean border‐scape, the practices of rescue and enforcement that occur within it, and the risk of sea‐crossing at this particular moment. Through these maps, the Central Mediterranean Sea emerges as a striking laboratory from which novel legal arrangements, surveillance technologies, and institutional assemblages converge

Dermoscopy and methyl aminolevulinate: A study for detection and evaluation of field cancerization

Actinic keratosis (AK) is a keratinocyte intraepidermal neoplasia UV light – induced that frequently appears in sun-exposed areas of the skin. Although historically AK was de fi ned as “ precancerous ” , actually it is considered as the earliest stage of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ. Since AKs can progress into invasive SCC, their treatment isrecommended. AKsrarely developasa singlelesion;usually multiplelesions commonly affect anen- tire area of chronically actinic damaged skin. This has led to the concept of “ fi eld cancerization ” , an area chroni- cally sun-exposed that surrounds peripherally visible lesions, in which are individualized subclinical alterations. One of the main principles endpoint in the management of AKs is the evaluation and the treatment of fi eld cancerization. In this view, in order to detect and quantify fi eld cancerization, we employed a method based on the topical application of methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) and the detection of the fl uorescence emitted by its metabolite Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX); then, considering the extension and the intensity of measured fl uores- cence, we create a score of fi eld cancerization. The results show that patients underwent to daylight PDT had a reduction of total score, from T0 to T2. Whereas in the group untreated we observed a stability of total score or a slightly worse. So, the method and the score used allows to evaluate with a good approximation the dimension of fi eld cancerization and show the modi fi cation of it after treatment

The application of Geant4 simulation code for brachytherapy treatment

Brachytherapy is a radiotherapeutic modality that makes use of radionuclides to deliver a high radiation dose to a well-defined volume while sparing surrounding healthy structures. At the National Institute for Cancer Research of Genova a High Dose Rate remote afterloading system provides Ir(192) endocavitary brachytherapy treatments. We studied the possibility to use the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit in brachytherapy for calculation of complex physical parameters, not directly available by experiment al measurements, used in treatment planning dose deposition models

Primary cutaneous alk positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma in a melanoma patient

Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (PCALCL) is a raresubset of CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorder, characterized by the presenceof large anaplastic cells, which express CD30, CD2, CD3, CD4, and CD5. A 62 year-old male patient presented to our Institute with a history of a fastgrowing and pinkish-brown asymptomatic cutaneous nodule. His medical past history was positive for a malignant melanoma (MM) of the abdomen (0.7 mm Breslow thickness; pT1a). Histologically the lesion showed a diffuse infiltrate consisting in cohesive sheets of large cells with anaplastic morphology with a kidney-shaped nucleus, also known as hallmark cells. Immunohistochemical studies revealed a CD30 expression, and a positivity to perforin and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). The laboratory and instrumental investigations were all normal and a final diagnosis of PCALCL was made. The patient showed a good response to radiotherapy. Usually PCALCL shares with systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) the presence of neoplastic CD30+ large T cells, but lack ALK translocations and protein expression. However, the detection of ALK expression in PCALCL should be considered highly suspicious of a cutaneous manifestation of an underlying systemic disease (not detected in our patient). We recommend to exclude a systemic involvement in this kind of disease, with a strict follow-up, especially in patients with double malignancies

Imaging of a Case of Extramedullary Solitary Plasmacytoma of the Trachea

We describe a case of extramedullary tracheal plasmacytoma that was incidentally discovered in a 73-year-old man on a PET scan performed for assessing the extent of colon cancer. CT scan showed the tumor; multiplanar reformation coupled with virtual bronchoscopy allowed proper treatment planning. The tracheal tumor was resected during rigid bronchoscopy. Relevant investigations excluded multiple myeloma. Follow-up CT showed persistent thickening of the tracheal wall, but there has been no recurrence after one-year followup

Current Insights in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Immunopathogenesis

Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (CLE) is a clinically diverse group of autoimmune skin diseases with shared histological features of interface dermatitis and autoantibodies deposited at the dermal-epidermal junction. Various genetic and environmental triggers of CLE promote infiltration of T cells, B cells, neutrophils, antigen presenting cells, and NK cells into lesional skin. In this mini-review, we will discuss the clinical features of CLE, insights into CLE immunopathogenesis, and novel treatment approaches

The Need for Inter/Subdisciplinary Thinking in Critical Conceptualizations of Displacement

Displacement occupies an ambiguous position in contemporary geographical thought. Displacement through gentrification and regeneration has gained prominence in critical urban geography, even as critical migration, border, and citizenship studies have simultaneously produced a robust literature on transnational displacement and internally displaced persons. In response to emerging crises of global and urban order, this article adds to a consideration of displacement—as concept and methodology—through an urging of attention to three drivers common to urban, subnational, and transnational scales of displacement. Our key argument is to suggest an urgent research agenda addressing the different scales and roles of value, choice, and infrastructure, both as drivers in processes of displacement and as points of learning between subdisciplines. Collectively, our work on migration and urban restructuring shows that large-scale development and resettlement projects, labor markets, and extraordinary measures of crisis management generate new ways in which value is extracted from displaced bodies and depeopled places. Against a tendency to index displacement (in both policy and research methodology) as either voluntary or nonvoluntary, we advance a critique of the choice structure of displacement. We further call attention to the infrastructures and technologies through which displacement is moved from a temporary state of exception to an ongoing state of normality. In doing so, we call for the need to rethink the epistemology of displacement and identify the significance of cross-subdisciplinary conversations for this project. 迁移在当代地理学思想中占有模棱两可的地位。尽管移民、边境和公民研究都发表了大量关于跨国迁移和国内迁移者的文章, 中产阶级化和复兴所导致的迁移在批判城市地理学中仍然占据了重要的地位。为了应对新涌现的全球和城市秩序危机, 本文思考了迁移的概念和方法论, 需要关注城市、区域和跨国迁移的三个共同驱动因素。我们提出的紧迫研究议程, 要求研究价值、选择和基础设施的不同规模和作用, 这两者既是迁移过程的驱动因素, 也是各学科之间的学习点。总体来说, 我们在移民和城市重组方面的研究表明, 大规模的开发和安置项目、劳动力市场、非常规的危机管理措施, 产生了从迁移者和无人区榨取价值的新方法。我们反对自愿或非自愿地（在政策和研究方法上）将迁移进行指数化的倾向, 批判了迁移的选择结构。我们进一步呼吁, 应当关注将迁移从暂时的例外状态转变为持续的正常状态的基础设施和技术。由此, 我们认为, 有必要重新思考迁移的认识论、寻求跨学科对话的意义。 La posición que ocupa el desplazamiento en el pensamiento geográfico contemporáneo es ambigua. El desplazamiento, asociado con la gentrificación y la regeneración, ha ganado prominencia en la geografía urbana crítica, incluso cuando los estudios críticos sobre migración, fronteras y ciudadanía han producido de manera simultánea una literatura sólida sobre el desplazamiento transnacional e interno de personas. Respondiendo a las crisis emergentes del orden global y urbano, este artículo contribuye en la consideración del desplazamiento––como concepto y metodología–– formulando un llamado de atención sobre tres factores comunes a las escalas urbanas, subnacionales y transnacionales del desplazamiento. Nuestro argumento central es la sugerencia de una urgente agenda de investigación que aborde las diferentes escalas y funciones del valor, la elección y la infraestructura, tanto como controladores de los procesos de desplazamiento, como puntos de aprendizaje entre subdisciplinas. Colectivamente, nuestro trabajo sobre la migración y la reestructuración urbana muestra que los proyectos de desarrollo y reasentamiento a gran escala, los mercados laborales y las medidas extraordinarias de manejo de crisis, generan nuevas formas de extraer valor de los cuerpos desplazados y de los lugares que quedaron despoblados. Frente a la tendencia a clasificar el desplazamiento (tanto en política como en la metodología de la investigación) como voluntario e involuntario, proponemos una crítica de la estructura de elección del desplazamiento. También, llamamos la atención sobre las infraestructuras y tecnologías a través de las cuales transmuta el desplazamiento de un estado temporal de excepción a un estado continuo de normalidad. Al hacer esto, reclamamos la necesidad de repensar la epistemología del desplazamiento e identificar la importancia de las conversaciones interdisciplinarias para este proyecto