Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats

Acknowledgments We thank Donna Wallace and Animal House staff at the Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health for the daily care of experimental rats and for the body weight, food intake and MRI measurements.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Effects of Dietary Fibre (Pectin) and/or Increased Protein (Casein or Pea) on Satiety, Body Weight, Adiposity and Caecal Fermentation in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

We thank the University of Aberdeen MRF staff for the daily care of experimental rats, body weight, food intake and MRI measurements. We also thank the Analytical Department of the Rowett Institute for Nutrition and Health for the proximate analyses, glucose determinations and SCFA GC. Funding: This work was funded by the Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Food intake.

<p>Daily food energy intake by diet induced obese rats fed high fat diet (HF), high fat diet with 10% w/w pectin (HF+P), low fat diet (LF), or low fat diet with 10% w/w pectin (LF+P) for 4 weeks in two independently replicated experiments (<i>n</i> = 16 per diet group). ANOVA revealed HF > LF > HF+P > LF+P (<i>P</i><0.001).</p

Body weight.

<p>Body weights of diet induced obese rats fed high fat diet (HF), high fat diet with 10% w/w pectin (HF+P), low fat diet (LF), or low fat diet with 10% w/w pectin (LF+P) for 4 weeks in two independently replicated experiments (<i>n</i> = 16 per diet group). ANOVA revealed HF > LF > HF+P, LF+P (<i>P</i><0.001).</p

Gut regional weights, lengths and histological measurements in rats fed control diet (C) or diet containing 3, 7 or 10% pectin (P) for 8 days or 28 days.

<p>Values are means ± s.e.m. (<i>n</i> = 8/group). Within rows and cohorts, means with different superscript letters are significantly different, P<0.05. <i>r</i>, correlation with %P (Pearson correlation coefficient; <i>n</i> = 32/cohort);</p><p>*** <i>P</i><0.001,</p><p>* <i>P</i><0.05.</p><p>Gut regional weights, lengths and histological measurements in rats fed control diet (C) or diet containing 3, 7 or 10% pectin (P) for 8 days or 28 days.</p

Gut morphology¹.

<p>Gut morphology<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0155871#t004fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Experimental diets¹.

<p>Experimental diets<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0155871#t001fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Correlations.

<p>Correlations.</p

Body weight, body composition and food intake¹.

<p>Body weight, body composition and food intake<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0155871#t002fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Plasma hormones and glucose.

<p>Final plasma concentrations of (a) PYY, (b) total GLP-1, (c) leptin, (d) insulin, (e) glucose, and (f) glucose/insulin ratio in DIO rats fed high fat diet (HF), high fat diet with pectin (HF+P), HF with high casein protein (HFHC), HFHC with pectin (HFHC+P), HF with high pea protein (HFHP), HFHP with pectin (HFHP+P) for 4 weeks (<i>n</i> = 8 per group). Statistical analysis by two-way ANOVA with pectin, protein and their interaction as factors, followed by Fisher pairwise comparisons. Within figures, values labelled with different letters are significantly different (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p