8 research outputs found
SIR model adjustments to the initial data of the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina
Este artÃculo presenta un estudio que utiliza los datos proporcionados por el Ministerio de Salud de Argentina sobre el número de personas infectadas, fallecidas y recuperadas por la enfermedad de Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-2019). El modelo estándar Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) se usa para simular la población infectada de esta epidemia en Argentina. El modelo SIR, desarrollado por Ronald Ross, William Hamer y otros, es una representación matemática de cómo una infección se propaga en una población en el tiempo. Este modelo tiene dos parámetros, la tasa de transmisión por cápita, β, y la tasa de recuperación, γ, siendo 1/γ el tiempo medio que el individuo permanece infectado. En este trabajo, el parámetro γ se considera constante y el parámetro β se ajusta con el tiempo con datos reales, de tres formas distintas, que luego se comparan simulando la evolución epidémica mediante el modelo SIR. Se muestran los resultados obtenidos con datos reales del inicio de la pandemia, del 3 de marzo de 2020 al 21 de julio de 2020. Finalmente se concluye que el modelo se ajusta satisfactoriamente a los datos de Argentina como consecuencia de la variación temporal propuesta de β en corto y mediano plazo.This article presents a study using data provided by the Argentine Ministry of Health on the number of people infected, deceased and recovered by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019). The standard Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) model is used to simulate the infected population of this epidemic in Argentine. The SIR model, developed by Ronald Ross, William Hamer, and others, is a mathematical model representation of how an infection spreads across a population over time. This model has two parameters, the transmission rate per capita, β, and the recovery rate, γ, where 1/γ is the average time that the individual remains infected. In this work, γ parameter is considered fixed and β parameter is adjusted over time with real data, in three different ways, which are then compared by simulating the epidemic evolution using the SIR model. Results obtained using real data from the beginning of the pandemic, from March 3rd to July 21th, 2020, are shown. Finally, it is concluded that the model fits the data from Argentine satisfactorily as a consequence of the proposed temporal variation of β over short and medium-term.Fil: Garcia Clua, Jose Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; ArgentinaFil: Vampa, Victoria Cristina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaFil: Calandra, Maria Valeria. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Costa, Viviana Angélica. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentin
Sizing and analytical optimization of an alkaline water electrolyzer powered by a grid-assisted wind turbine to minimize grid power exchange
This work aims to contribute to the efforts made from various disciplines to optimize the hydrogen production from renewable energy sources. The problem is posed from the perspective of the design of an alkaline water electrolyzer powered by wind energy with the assistance of the electric grid. The novelty lies in considering the resource variability in the electrolyzer sizing according to the turbine location and the operating conditions ensured by the grid. Three variable operation modes for grid assistance depending on the available wind are proposed. For each one, the nominal electrolyzer power that minimizes the annual power exchanged with the grid – and therefore the related carbon dioxide emissions – is found. The optimization results are presented in several curves that have the advantage of helping to compare the operation modes for different resource conditions characterized by the Weibull distribution. They helped to conclude that the variable operation modes are optimized with higher nominal electrolyzer powers than with the fixed mode for the same nominal turbine power.Fil: Gallo, MarÃa Angélica. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃÂa. Departamento de IngenierÃa QuÃmica; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Clua, Jose Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; Argentin
Optimal sizing of a grid-assisted wind-hydrogen system
Hydrogen obtained from water electrolysis in addition to being sustainable becomes commercially competitive when a high degree of purity is sought. Ideally such purity is achieved by keeping the electrolyzer on a constant and rated power. To satisfy this objective the assistance of the electric grid to deal with the variability of the wind resource was proposed. The disadvantage of this alternative is the failure to ensure a 100% carbon-emission-free hydrogen. The surplus wind energy can be delivered to the grid to optimize the trade-off between purity and cleaning degree. This paper presents a study on how the electrolyzer should be sized – according to the turbine and wind resource – to fully compensate these emissions along the year, that is, to cancel the annual power supplied by the grid.Fil: GarcÃa Clúa, José G.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; ArgentinaFil: Mantz, Ricardo J.. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones CientÃficas; ArgentinaFil: De Battista, Hernán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; Argentin
Evaluation of hydrogen production capabilities of a grid-assisted wind–H2 system
This paper analyzes the operation of a grid-assisted wind power system dedicated to hydrogen production. Several operation modes are evaluated with the aim of establishing control strategies for different requirements such as optimum wind power capture, maximum H2 production rate and maximum clean H2 production. Each operation mode is achieved by specific control of the grid-side power electronic converter. The operation of the wind turbine, the electrolyzer and the electronic converter connected to a common DC-bus are represented on the same voltage–current plane. Basic schemes of controllers are suggested to fulfill operation requirements. Curves of power and H2 production rate as function of wind speed are displayed for each mode. Also, conclusions about contribution of wind energy to clean H2 are drawn.Fil: Garcia Clua, Jose Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Mantz, Ricardo Julian. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; ArgentinaFil: de Battista, Hernán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentin
Stabilisation of grid assistance for a renewable hydrogen generation system by min-projection strategy
Control of grid assistance is proposed in this study for a renewable hydrogen generation system of simple and robust structure. Here, the grid connection serves the dual purpose of minimising the effect of wind power variations in the electrolyser supply as well as maximising the hydrogen production. To regulate the electrolyser current at its rated value, a cascade control scheme is posed. The feedback loop which commands the grid converter switching is of interest for the design. The min-projection strategy that stabilises a switched affine system is applied as the switching law. The analysis of switched equilibria and their stability is done by employing the concepts of Filippov inclusion and common Lyapunov function, respectively. The obtained theoretical results are corroborated by numerical simulation.Fil: Garcia Clua, Jose Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃÂa. Departamento de IngenierÃa QuÃmica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Mantz, Ricardo Julian. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: de Battista, Hernán. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gallegos, Norma Graciela. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Electrotecnia. Laboratorio de Electrónica Industrial, Control e Instrumentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas; Argentin
Análisis de datos relativos a la pandemia del COVID-19 en Argentina usando el modelo SIR
Este artÃculo presenta un estudio que utiliza los datos proporcionados por el Ministerio de Salud de Argentina sobre el número de personas infectadas, fallecidas y recuperadas por la enfermedad de Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-2019). El modelo estándar Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) se usa para simular la población infectada de esta epidemia en Argentina. El modelo SIR, desarrollado por Ronald Ross, William Hamer y otros, es una representación matemática de cómo una infección se propaga en una población en el tiempo. Este modelo tiene dos parámetros, la tasa de transmisión por cápita, beta y la tasa de recuperación, gamma. Se puede esperar que un individuo infectado recién introducido infecte a otras personas a la tasa beta durante el perÃodo infeccioso esperado 1/gamma. De esa manera, el parámetro gamma es fijo y el parámetro beta se ajusta con el tiempo con datos reales, de tres formas distintas, que luego se comparan simulando la evolución epidémica mediante el modelo SIR. Se muestran los resultados obtenidos con datos reales del 3 de marzo de 2020 al 21 de julio de 2020. Finalmente, como consecuencia de la variación propuesta de beta a lo largo del tiempo, el modelo se ajusta satisfactoriamente a los datos de Argentina.Fil: Vampa, Victoria Cristina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaFil: Calandra, Maria Valeria. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Clua, Jose Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; ArgentinaFil: Costa, Viviana Angélica. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de IngenierÃa; Argentina27º Congreso Argentino de Control Automático AADECA 2020Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentinaAsociación Argentina de Control AutomáticoUniversidad de Palermo. Facultad de IngenierÃ
Optimal control of a grid assisted photovoltaic-hydrogen production system
This paper deals with the optimal control of a H2 production system supplied by a photovoltaic solar energy and assisted by the grid. For that, we propose a simple dynamic model accounting for the main features of the system, where the electrolizer current is used as the control variable, and we obtain the control law that optimizes the grid energy consumption despites the solar energy variability An important constraint on the obtained solution is the physical limits of the hydrogen storage tank, which results in a nonsmooth and noncontinuous problem. The Pontryagin’s maximum principle is used to solve the boundary value problem and an explicit piecewise continuous control law is found. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control design.Fil: Andrade, Hernán Gustavo. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; BrasilFil: Garcia Clua, Jose Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; ArgentinaFil: Mendes, Paulo R. C.. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; BrasilFil: Normey Rico, Julio E.. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Brasi
Control of a grid assisted PV-H2 production system: A comparative study between optimal control and hybrid MPC
Hydrogen production systems supplied by photovoltaic solar energy have nonlinear dynamics and discontinuities which must be taken into account when a control system is applied. The main purpose of the control system is to maintain the electrolyzer current at the desired operating point and, at the same time, to optimize the grid energy consumption despite the solar energy variability. Classic controllers, like PID ones, are not able to obtain good performance over the whole operation range of these kinds of plants because of the aforementioned characteristics. To overcome these limitations, an optimal control strategy and a linear hybrid model predictive controller (HMPC) are applied to a hydrogen production system in this work. Regarding the optimal control design, a systematic framework is presented in order to obtain the optimal (in the sense of minimal grid energy consumption) trajectory of the states by converting the control problem into a boundary value problem by means of the Pontryagin's Maximum Principle. Interestingly, the resulting control law is explicit and piecewise continuous. Regarding the linear HMPC strategy, a mixed logical dynamical description of the linearized equations of the system is considered in order to obtain the control law by solving an optimization problem in the form of a mixed integer quadratic programming. For this control strategy three cost functions associating the grid energy consumption and the electrolyzer efficiency are presented. The proposed controllers are tested through numerical simulations for both the nominal and uncertain cases and different performance indexes are considered. Finally, a discussion of the main advantages and disadvantages of each controller in real-life applications is presented.Fil: de Andrade, Gustavo A.. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; BrasilFil: Mendes, Paulo R. C.. Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Mathematics; AlemaniaFil: Garcia Clua, Jose Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Electrónica, Control y Procesamiento de Señales; ArgentinaFil: Normey Rico, Julio E.. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Brasi