4 research outputs found
Occurrence and Estimated Dietary Intake of PCBs and PCDD/Fs in Functional Foods Enriched with Omega‑3 from Spain
The polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB),
polychlorinated dibenzo-<i>p</i>-dioxin, and dibenzofuran
(PCDD/F) contents of six functional
foods enriched with omega-3 were characterized. All the samples analyzed
showed concentration levels below the maximal levels established by
Regulation EC 1259/201120. PCB concentrations were higher than those
of PCDD/Fs; oil supplements were the most contaminated samples [1.8
pg of WHO-TEQ/g of lipid weight (lw)] followed by chicken eggs (1.3
pg of WHO-TEQ/g of lw), cow’s milk (0.23 pg of WHO-TEQ/g of
lw), biscuits (0.15 pg of WHO-TEQ/g of lw), soy milks (0.11 pg of
WHO-TEQ/g of lw), and soy lecithin (0.049 pg of WHO-TEQ/g of lw).
The most abundant non-dl-PCBs were PCBs 52 and 101 in cow’s
milk, soy products, and biscuits,
while in chicken eggs and oil supplements, they were PCBs 153 and
138. PCBs 118 and 105 were the most frequent dl-PCBs in all samples.
Only oil supplements presented quantifiable concentrations for almost
all PCDD/Fs, OCDD and OCDF being the most abundant. The estimated
daily intake was 2.7 pg of WHO-TEQ/day for chicken eggs, 0.91 pg of
WHO-TEQ/day for cow’s milk, 0.45 pg of WHO-TEQ/day for soy
milks, and 0.44 pg of WHO-TEQ/day for biscuits. For oil supplements,
it was more variable, but always higher
Applicability of Gas Chromatography (GC) Coupled to Triple-Quadrupole (QqQ) Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) for Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) and Emerging Brominated Flame Retardant (BFR) Determinations in Functional Foods Enriched in Omega‑3
This
paper reports on the optimization, characterization, and applicability
of gas chromatography coupled to triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry
(GC-QqQ(MS/MS)) for the determination of 14 polybrominated diphenylethers
(PBDEs) and 2 emerging brominated flame retardants, 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane
(BTBPE) and decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE), in functional food samples.
The method showed satisfactory precision and linearity with instrumental
limits of detection (iLODs) ranging from 0.12 to 7.1 pg, for tri-
to octa-BDEs and BTBPE, and equal to 51 and 20 pg for BDE-209 and
DBDPE, respectively. The highest ΣBFR concentrations were found
in fish oil supplements (924 pg/g fresh weight, fw), followed by biscuits
(90 pg/g fw), vegetable oil supplements (46 pg/g fw), chicken eggs
(45 pg/g fw), cow’s milk (7.7 pg/g fw), and soy products (1.6
pg/g fw). BDE-47, BDE-99, and DBDPE were the most abundant compounds.
Foodstuffs enriched with omega-3 presented concentrations similar
to or even lower than those of conventional foods commercialized in
Spain since 2000