3 research outputs found
Homogeneizaci贸n del proceso de tutorizaci贸n del trabajo final de grado en estudiantes de Fisioterapia
La asignatura de trabajo final de grado (TFG) es una incorporaci贸n del espacio europeo con la que el alumno integra los contenidos adquiridos durante su formaci贸n. A pesar de intentar homogeneizar la formaci贸n, la inexistencia de instrucciones espec铆ficas produce diferencias en el desarrollo de los trabajos, incluso en una misma facultad debido a las diferencias metodol贸gicas de los docentes, frustrando al alumnado. Este trabajo evalu贸 la influencia del uso de r煤bricas y tutoriales como herramientas para homogeneizar el proceso de tutorizaci贸n del TFG en el grado de satisfacci贸n del alumnado con la asignatura. Durante dos a帽os acad茅micos, 9 profesores recibieron r煤bricas y tutoriales para guiar la tutorizaci贸n. El resto de profesores no recibieron ning煤n material adicional. Despu茅s de la presentaci贸n del trabajo, el alumnado contest贸 un cuestionario para evaluar el grado de satisfacci贸n con el TFG. Los resultados mostraron que el uso de r煤bricas no mejora la percepci贸n de la organizaci贸n de la asignatura ni del aprendizaje adquirido, as铆 como tampoco aumenta el grado de satisfacci贸n con el tutor y la asignatura. Sin embargo, esta metodolog铆a puede ser 煤til para minimizar la creencia de la exigencia de las tareas vinculadas al tutor, y con ello, la posible frustraci贸n del alumnado
Modulaci贸n de la kinesiofobia sobre la actividad cerebral, la percepci贸n de esquema corporal y el dolor en pacientes con lumbalgia cr贸nica inespec铆fica
[spa] Introducci贸n: La lumbalgia cr贸nica inespec铆fica es una de las condiciones cr贸nicas m谩s
prevalentes en Europa, con una elevada carga de discapacidad y coste econ贸mico
asociados. Su presencia est谩 influenciada por factores f铆sicos, biol贸gicos, sensoriales,
neuro-fisiol贸gicos, cognitivos, comportamentales, actitudinales, sociales y
ocupacionales, entre los que sobresale la kinesiofobia, considerada cl铆nicamente incluso
m谩s relevante que la intensidad del dolor. Objetivo: Analizar el papel modulador de la
kinesiofobia sobre la lumbalgia cr贸nica inespec铆fica mediante la exploraci贸n de su
incidencia, prevalencia, base neurofisiol贸gica y afrontamiento a trav茅s de la actividad
f铆sica. Metodolog铆a: Se han dise帽ado tres estudios. El primero, comprende un estudio
transversal sobre la prevalencia de kinesiofobia en individuos con lumbalgia cr贸nica
frente a individuos sanos. El segundo se basa en el registro electroencefalogr谩fico de la
actividad cerebral, mediante potenciales evocados, durante la realizaci贸n de dos tareas
atencionales en individuos sanos frente individuos con lumbalgia. Finalmente, se ha
dise帽ado un ensayo cl铆nico controlado aleatorizado para analizar la efectividad de una
intervenci贸n de educaci贸n y ejercicio f铆sico enfocado hacia la reducci贸n de la
kinesiofobia y el dolor, autoadministrado mediante v铆deos. Hip贸tesis: La prevalencia de
kinesiofobia ser谩 superior en individuos con lumbalgia, quienes mostrar谩n una mayor
activaci贸n cortical y un menor rendimiento en la realizaci贸n de las tareas atencionales en
relaci贸n con la kinesiofobia. Asimismo, los individuos que realicen ejercicio
propioceptivo mostrar谩n menores puntuaciones de kinesiofobia post-intervenci贸n.
Instrumentos y variables: Se tomar谩n mediciones de electroencefalograf铆a, umbrales de
dolor y diferentes cuestionarios (TSK, FABQ, PCS, SF-36, ODI, WHYMPI, PHQ-9,
GAD-7) antes, durante y hasta un a帽o post-intervenci贸n, en funci贸n del estudio.
Aplicabilidad de los resultados: Los resultados permitir谩n aumentar el cuerpo de
conocimientos disponibles en neuroimagen y lumbalgia. Adem谩s, se ofrecer谩 una
herramienta eficaz, costo-efectiva y accesible para mejorar la salud en cronicidad sin
incrementar la dependencia del sistema sanitario[eng] Introduction: Chronic non-specific low back pain is one of the most prevalent chronic
conditions in Europe, with a high burden of disability and associated economic cost. Its
presence is influenced by physical, biological, sensory, neuro-physiological, cognitive,
behavioral, attitudinal, social and occupational factors, among which kinesiofobia stands
out, considered even clinically more relevant than the intensity of pain. Objective: To
analyze the modulatory role of kinesiofobia on chronic non-specific low back pain
through the exploration of its incidence, prevalence, neurophysiological basis and coping
through physical activity. Methodology: Three studies have been designed. The first,
includes a cross-sectional study about the prevalence of kinesiofobia in individuals with
chronic low back pain versus healthy individuals. The second is based on an
electroencephalographic record of brain activity, using evoked potentials, during the
performance of two attentional tasks in healthy individuals versus individuals with low
back pain. Finally, a randomized controlled clinical trial was designed to analyze the
effectiveness of an education and physical exercise intervention focused on the reduction
of kinesiofobia and pain, self-administered through videos. Hypothesis: The prevalence
of kinesiofobia will be higher in individuals with low back pain, who will show greater
cortical activation and lower performance of attentional tasks in relation with
kinesiofobia. Likewise, individuals who perform proprioceptive exercise will show lower
post-intervention kinesiofobia scores. Instruments and variables: Measurements of
electroencephalography, pain thresholds and different questionnaires (TSK, FABQ, PCS,
SF-36, ODI, WHYMPI, PHQ-9, GAD-7) will be taken before, during and up to one year
post-intervention, depending on the study. Applicability of results: The results will
increase the body of knowledge available in neuroimaging and chronicity. In addition, an
effective, cost-effective and accessible tool will be offered to improve health status in
chronicity without increasing dependence on the health system
An Educational and Exercise Mobile Phone-Based Intervention to Elicit Electrophysiological Changes and to Improve Psychological Functioning in Adults With Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain (BackFit App): Nonrandomized Clinical Trial
[eng] Background: Concomitant psychological and cognitive impairments modulate nociceptive processing and contribute to chronic low back pain (CLBP) maintenance, poorly correlated with radiological findings. Clinical practice guidelines recommend self-management and multidisciplinary educational and exercise-based interventions. However, these recommendations are based on self-reported measurements, which lack evidence of related electrophysiological changes. Furthermore, current mobile health (mHealth) tools for self-management are of low quality and scarce evidence. Thus, it is necessary to increase knowledge on mHealth and electrophysiological changes elicited by current evidence-based interventions. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate changes elicited by a self-managed educational and exercise-based 4-week mHealth intervention (BackFit app) in electroencephalographic and electrocardiographic activity, pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), pain, disability, and psychological and cognitive functioning in CLBP versus the same intervention in a face-to-face modality. Methods: A 2-arm parallel nonrandomized clinical trial was conducted at the University of the Balearic Islands (Palma, Spain). A total of 50 patients with nonspecific CLBP were assigned to a self-managed group (23/50, 46%; mean age 45.00, SD 9.13 years; 10/23, 43% men) or a face-to-face group (27/50, 54%; mean age 48.63, SD 7.54 years; 7/27, 26% men). The primary outcomes were electroencephalographic activity (at rest and during a modified version of the Eriksen flanker task) and heart rate variability (at rest), PPTs, and pressure pain intensity ratings. The secondary outcomes were pain, disability, psychological functioning (mood, anxiety, kinesiophobia, pain catastrophizing, and fear-avoidance beliefs), and cognitive performance (percentage of hits and reaction times). Results: After the intervention, frequency analysis of electroencephalographic resting-state data showed increased beta-2 (16-23 Hz; 0.0020 vs 0.0024; P=.02) and beta-3 (23-30 Hz; 0.0013 vs 0.0018; P=.03) activity. In addition, source analyses revealed higher power density of beta (16-30 Hz) at the anterior cingulate cortex and alpha (8-12 Hz) at the postcentral gyrus and lower power density of delta (2-4 Hz) at the cuneus and precuneus. Both groups also improved depression (7.74 vs 5.15; P=.01), kinesiophobia (22.91 vs 20.87; P=.002), activity avoidance (14.49 vs 12.86; P<.001), helplessness (6.38 vs 4.74; P=.02)