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Efecto del disolvente de extracci贸n sobre el contenido de metabolitos, actividad antioxidante y antibacteriana del bagazo de caf茅
Bagasse, one of the residues obtained from coffee processing, is an important source of metabolites, such as polysaccharides and phenolic compounds, with functional properties derived from its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the extraction solvent on metabolites content, as well as on antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the aqueous (T1), ethanolic (T2) and aqueous-ethanolic (T3) extracts of coffee bagasse. The results demonstrated that T1 showed the highest total carbohydrates, flavanones and dihydroflavonols content, T2 presented the highest total flavonoids and caffeoylquinic acid content, while T3 showed the highest total phenolic, flavones and flavonols content (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the greatest inhibitions of free-radicals and ferric reducing antioxidant power were detected in T1 and T3, while T2 showed higher reducing power ability depending on the concentration (p < 0.05). Greater inhibitory effects were observed in T3 against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes), T2 against Echerichia coli, T2 and T3 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa depending upon the concentration (p < 0.05). In conclusion, these results indicate that composition and properties of extract of coffee bagasse depend of the solvent used during the extraction.El bagazo, es uno de los residuos que se obtienen del procesamiento del caf茅, es una fuente importante de metabolitos, como polisac谩ridos y compuestos fen贸licos, con propiedades funcionales derivadas de su actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto del solvente de extracci贸n sobre el contenido de metabolitos, as铆 como sobre la actividad antioxidante y antibacteriana del extracto acuoso (T1), etan贸lico (T2) y acuoso-etan贸lico (T3) del bagazo del caf茅. Los resultados demostraron que T1 present贸 el mayor contenido total de carbohidratos, flavanonas y dihidroflavonoles, T2 present贸 el mayor contenido total de flavonoides y 谩cido cafeoilqu铆nico mientras que T3 present贸 el mayor contenido de fenoles totales, flavonas y flavonoles (p < 0.05). Adem谩s, la mayor inhibici贸n de radicales libres y poder de reducci贸n antioxidante del i贸n f茅rrico se detectaron en T1 y T3, mientras que T2 mostr贸 mayor capacidad de poder reductor dependiendo de la concentraci贸n (p < 0.05). Se observaron mayores efectos inhibidores en T3 frente a las bacterias Gram-positivas (Staphylococcus aureus y Listeria monocytogenes), T2 frente a Echerichia coli, T2 y T3 frente a Pseudomonas aeruginosa seg煤n la concentraci贸n (p < 0.05). En conclusi贸n, estos resultados indican que la composici贸n y propiedades del extracto de bagazo del caf茅 dependen del solvente utilizado durante la extracci贸n