Basing factors for young innovative companies resulting from localization of foreign corporations

The relevance of our research is due to the fact that foreign corporations’ technologies transfer is an efficient tool of achieving a high pace of economic development in Russia and its regions. Its success depends on the ability of economic actors to embrace innovations and their high innovative activity. The purpose of this study was the consideration of start-up factors of young innovative companies resulting from the localization of foreign corporations’ technologies and the identification of conditions conducive to accelerating the diffusion of innovation in local markets. During the study of the specifics of Russian start-ups, with the use of the methods such as analysis of documents, content analysis, observation, expert interviews, the following hypothesis was identified and justified: the emergence of new markets for an already developed and functioning innovation makes it possible to intensify the process of establishing new enterprises in the domestic environment. The novelty of the scientific problem is to identify and substantiate the main conditions and factors affecting the creation of a non-pioneer young innovative company in the Russian regional economy based on the experience and technologies of foreign corporations, including learning state of the investment climate and area’s business ecosystem. The article highlights the stages of transformation of business ideas of such enterprise into functioning business in a context of its design tools, such as: monitoring emerging consumer needs and turning them into business opportunities and business ideas; building business models, business planning. At this point the creation of a new organization is considered in conjunction with factors of regional economic environment. As a result of the survey there was developed theoretical and methodological basis of companies’ localization based on the concept of lean production; there was proposed a stepwise mechanism involving a sequence of steps that must be made by young enterprises in order to effectively perform the diffusion of innovation.Актуальность темы исследования обусловлена тем, что трансфер технологий зарубежных корпораций является эффективным средством, позволяющим достичь высоких темпов экономического развития России и регионов. Но его успешность определяется способностью экономических субъектов воспринимать инновации и их высокой инновационной активностью. Целью настоящего исследования стало рассмотрение факторов основания молодых инновационных компаний, возникших в результате локализации технологий зарубежных корпораций и выявление условий, способствующих ускорению диффузии инноваций на региональных рынках. В процессе исследования специфики российских стартапов с помощью таких методов, как анализ документов, контент-анализ, экспертный опрос авторами была выявлена и обоснована следующая гипотеза: в отечественных условиях именно появление новых рынков сбыта для уже освоенных и функционирующих инноваций позволяет активизировать процесс создания молодых предприятий. Новизна научной проблемы заключается в выявлении и обосновании основных условий и факторов, оказывающих влияние на создание молодых не пионерских инновационных компаний в экономике России и регионов на основе использования опыта и технологий зарубежных корпораций, с учетом инвестиционного климата и предпринимательской экосистемы территории. В статье выделены стадии трансформации предпринимательской идеи такого предприятия в функционирующий бизнес в контексте инструментов его проектирования, таких как мониторинг возникающих потребностей потребителей и превращение их в предпринимательские возможности и бизнес-идеи; построение бизнес-моделей, бизнес-планирование. При этом этапы создания новой организации рассматриваются во взаимосвязи с факторами региональной экономической среды. По итогам исследования были разработаны теоретико-методологические основы локализации компаний на основе концепции бережливого производства; предложен ее пошаговый механизм, включающий последовательность этапов, которые необходимо пройти молодому предприятию для того, чтобы эффективно совершить диффузию инновации; раскрыты условия, позволяющие эффективно создавать новые предприятия за счет диффузии инноваций

An improvement of the Berry--Esseen inequality with applications to Poisson and mixed Poisson random sums

By a modification of the method that was applied in (Korolev and Shevtsova, 2009), here the inequalities $$\rho(F_n,\Phi)\le\frac{0.335789(\beta^3+0.425)}{\sqrt{n}}$$ and $$\rho(F_n,\Phi)\le \frac{0.3051(\beta^3+1)}{\sqrt{n}}$$ are proved for the uniform distance $\rho(F_n,\Phi)$ between the standard normal distribution function $\Phi$ and the distribution function $F_n$ of the normalized sum of an arbitrary number $n\ge1$ of independent identically distributed random variables with zero mean, unit variance and finite third absolute moment $\beta^3$. The first of these inequalities sharpens the best known version of the classical Berry--Esseen inequality since $0.335789(\beta^3+0.425)\le0.335789(1+0.425)\beta^3<0.4785\beta^3$ by virtue of the condition $\beta^3\ge1$, and 0.4785 is the best known upper estimate of the absolute constant in the classical Berry--Esseen inequality. The second inequality is applied to lowering the upper estimate of the absolute constant in the analog of the Berry--Esseen inequality for Poisson random sums to 0.3051 which is strictly less than the least possible value of the absolute constant in the classical Berry--Esseen inequality. As a corollary, the estimates of the rate of convergence in limit theorems for compound mixed Poisson distributions are refined.Comment: 33 page

Разработка нового способа получения фотографического желатина

A new technology of preparation of photographic gelatin was developed on the basis of an accessible homogeneous raw material containing a collagen. Photographic properties of the obtained gelatin were tested.Разработана новая технология получения фотографического желатина на основе доступного однородного коллагенсодержащего сырья. Проверены фотографические свойства полученного желатина

Adult training and education in the context of economic development of regions

According to human capital theory, education is not a product of final consumption, but a means of producing added value, an important factor in national and global macroeconomic growth. The topic of converting human capital into relevant material indicators described in economical terms is yet to be sufficiently developed; thus, it is necessary to identify key factors that influence the educational activity of working citizens and to establish the role of the Adult Education and Vocational Education and Trainings (AE&VET) in the macroeconomic development of regions. Using statistical analysis the authors established a correlation between the supplementary education’s rate and the volume of fixed capital investment per capita in the Russian Federation regions, which indicated the importance of investments in education and personnel training: in the regions with growing volume of investments, the amount of grown population who continue education in order to implement their knowledge at new enterprises is also increasing. This, in turn, boosts the investment appeal of the territory. The authors confirmed the hypothesis that investments in educational programs lead to the increase in labour productivity; this phenomenon has a positive impact on the growth rates of both wages and gross regional product. Thus, it was concluded that socio-economic differentiation of subjects of the Russian Federation is directly related to the general indicators of the regional AE&VET systems. Effective development of AE&VET requires active participation of all stakeholders (workers, employers, investors, regional authorities, and the government). The main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used for development of the regional AE&VET-systems for ensuring the economic growth as well as the investment appeal of the territory. © 2019 The Linguistic Association of Finland. All Rights Reserved.Выявлены основные факторы, оказывающие влияние на образовательную активность работающих граждан. Подтверждена гипотеза о том, что в результате запуска посредством инвестиций программ обучения возрастает производительность труда. Показано, что дифференциация субъектов Российской Федерации по социально-экономическим показателям взаимосвязана с обобщающими индикаторами региональных систем непрерывного образования взрослых

URAPIDIL IN THE TREATMENT OF MEDICAL EMERGENCIES CAUSED BY BLOOD PRESSURE INCREASE

Results of experimental and clinical studies devoted to urapidil combining central antihypertensive effect with peripheral vasodilatation are discussed. Scope of urapidil application is described; its good tolerability and safety are highlighted. Urapidil mode of application in different clinical situations accompanying by acute increase in blood pressure is specified.</p

Development of new method of preparation of photographic gelatin

A new technology of preparation of photographic gelatin was developed on the basis of an accessible homogeneous raw material containing a collagen. Photographic properties of the obtained gelatin were tested

Anemia in inflammatory bowel diseases: the approaches to its diagnosis, treatment and prevention

Anemia is a frequent systemic complication and extra-intestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Despite significant progress in IBD treatment, late diagnosis and insufficient correction of concomitant anemia remain a problem in routine clinical practice. The review describes the main pathophysiological mechanisms of IBD-associated anemia, such as iron deficiency, chronic inflammation (anemia of chronic disease) and B9 and B12 deficiencies. The authors highlight the main diagnostic principles of these conditions, present the strategy for their differential diagnosis, describe the state-of-theart approaches to the correction of iron-deficient anemia in IBD, and delineate the role of oral and parenteral medications for replacement therapy. Optimal treatment goals and prevention methods of an iron-deficient condition are given. Special attention is focused on the principles on red cell mass transfusions in acute massive blood loss. The authors describe the main differentiating features of anemia of chronic disease and its treatment in IBD patients with various grades of the inflammation. The paper contains the indications and treatment regimens for B12 and foliate-deficient anemia with consideration of the IBD course. The authors of the article are members of the Working Group of the Russian Society on the study of IBD and believe that the literature analysis performed would allow for its use to issue the Russian clinical guidelines on the management of patients with anemia in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease

Emergency care in a sudden individually significant blood pressure increase without clinically overt target organ damage: rationale for captopril use. Expert Council opinion

Expert Council opinion describes emergency care in a sudden individually significant blood pressure (BP) increase without clinically overt target organ damage. In the new guidelines of the Russian Society of Cardiology, the term “hypertensive urgency” was abolished, and the management of a sudden BP increase was changed. At the same time, a sudden individually significant BP increase may be accompanied by symptoms that reduce patients’ quality of life and ability to work. According to experts, individually significant BP increase accompanied by symptoms requires outpatient treatment using oral rapid-onset drugs with an optimal duration of action, in particular captopril. It has a much evidence-based data on the BP increase use and sublingual administration, and also has a favorable safety profile, which allows prescribing to patients with comorbid diseases. The rationale for the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor Capoten (captopril) as a drug for self-management of a sudden individually significant BP increase accompanied by symptoms in hypertension patients is describes

REFRACTORINESS TO DONOR PLATELETS TRANSFUSION IN PATIENTS WITH APLASTIC ANEMIA AND HEMOBLASTOSIS

Refractoriness to transfusions of platelet concentrates (PC) adversely affects the conduct of complex therapy in hematological patients. Individual selection of platelets is recommended for such patients. In cases of high degree of alloimmunization with the formation of polyspecific antibodies, when individual selection is difficult, procedures plasmapheresis (PPs) is included in the treatment program.Aims: to evaluate the effectiveness of PC transfusions by individual selection in patients refractory to transfusions and the use of PPs as a second line therapy in combination with individual platelet selection.Materials and methods: from September 2015 to December 2017, 91 patients with refractory to PC transfusions from 1263 patients who received PC transfusion were observed in the center’s clinics. The median age was 43 (18–71) years. M/F – 38/53. Patients: 20 – aplastic anemia (AA), 17 – myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), 45 – acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 9 – acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). All patients underwent PC transfusion by individual selection (HLA/HPA) Immucor’s Capture-P solid phase technology. In 28 (30 %) of 91 patients, due to the inability to select, there was a need for PP as a second line therapy. Patients: AA – 4 (20 %); MDS – 8 (47 %); AML – 12 (26 %); ALL– 4 (44 %). The median age was 48 (23–71) years. M/F – 8/20. From 2 to 15 procedures were performed (on average – 6) for each patient. All patients received PC transfusions by individual selection by cross-matching immediately after the PP procedure. The efficacy of PC transfusions was assessed by Absolute Platelet Increment (API) and Corrected Count Increment (CCI), relief of hemorrhagic syndrome.Results: in 26 of 28 refractory to PC transfusions patients, in the absence of compatible donor platelets, carrying out PPs in combination with subsequent individual platelet selection promoted relief of hemorrhagic syndrome, increase in API from 3.3 × 109/L at 29.5 × 109/L and CCI from 1.3 to 10.7. Against the background of PPs, combined with individual selection, the degree of alloimmunization (the percentage of incompatible pairs) decreased on average: AA (n = 4) – from 91.7 to 50.2 %; MDS (n = 8) – from 89.6 to 31.6 %; AML (n = 12) – 86.0 to 40.5 % and ALL (n = 4) – from 91.7 to 37.7 %. In 2 patients with a high degree of alloimmunization and after carrying out PPs, it was not possible to select compatible platelets, PC transfusions were ineffective (API = 5 × 109/L, CCI = 1), and hemorrhagic syndrome was not completely managed, but its severity was reduced.Conclusions. With the development of refractoriness to PC transfusions and the ineffectiveness of individual platelet selection, PPs should be used as the second line of therapy, which, combined with individual selection, increases the likelihood of compatible donor-recipient pairs and increases the clinical efficacy of PC transfusions. When PPs is ineffective in combination with individual selection, it is necessary to exclude the syndrome of increased consumption and other mechanisms of refractoriness