Design and Implementation of HD Wireless Video Transmission System Based on Millimeter Wave

With the improvement of optical fiber communication network construction and the improvement of camera technology, the video that the terminal can receive becomes clearer, with resolution up to 4K. Although optical fiber communication has high bandwidth and fast transmission speed, it is not the best solution for indoor short-distance video transmission in terms of cost, laying difficulty and speed. In this context, this thesis proposes to design and implement a multi-channel wireless HD video transmission system with high transmission performance by using the 60GHz millimeter wave technology, aiming to improve the bandwidth from optical nodes to wireless terminals and improve the quality of video transmission. This thesis mainly covers the following parts: (1) This thesis implements wireless video transmission algorithm, which is divided into wireless transmission algorithm and video transmission algorithm, such as 64QAM modulation and demodulation algorithm, H.264 video algorithm and YUV420P algorithm. (2) This thesis designs the hardware of wireless HD video transmission system, including network processing unit (NPU) and millimeter wave module. Millimeter wave module uses RWM6050 baseband chip and TRX-BF01 rf chip. This thesis will design the corresponding hardware circuit based on the above chip, such as 10Gb/s network port, PCIE. (3) This thesis realizes the software design of wireless HD video transmission system, selects FFmpeg and Nginx to build the sending platform of video transmission system on NPU, and realizes video multiplex transmission with Docker. On the receiving platform of video transmission, FFmpeg and Qt are selected to realize video decoding, and OpenGL is combined to realize video playback. (4) Finally, the thesis completed the wireless HD video transmission system test, including pressure test, Web test and application scenario test. It has been verified that its HD video wireless transmission system can transmit HD VR video with three-channel bit rate of 1.2GB /s, and its rate can reach up to 3.7GB /s, which meets the research goal

A Review of Technologies and Evaluation Softwares for Distributed Energy Source System

AbstractThis study reviews the technologies and evaluation softwares for the Distributed Energy Resource System (DERs), which is considered as a realistic and economical way to realize the clean utilization of energy. For the the technologies of DERs, there summarizes the characteristics and global development of CHP (Combined Heat and Power), renewable generation, energy storage and cell fuels. In addition, this study sums up 15 kinds of softwares for evaluating DERs from the aspects of their developers, application scope, properties and so on. The results in this study provide the necessary information for the technologies and evaluation softwares for designing and optimization of DERs

Attenuation and Loss of Spatial Coherence Modeling for Atmospheric Turbulence in Terahertz UAV MIMO Channels

Terahertz (THz) wireless communications have the potential to realize ultra-high-speed and secure data transfer with miniaturized devices for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications. The atmospheric turbulence due to random airflow leads to spatial inhomogeneity of the communication medium, which is yet missing in most existing studies, leading to additional propagation loss and even loss of spatial coherence (LoSC) in MIMO systems. In this paper, the attenuation and loss of spatial coherence for atmospheric turbulence are modeled in THz UAV MIMO channels. Specifically, the frequency- and altitude-dependency of the refractive index structure constant (RISC), as a critical statistical parameter characterizing the intensity of turbulence, is first investigated. Then, the LoSC, fading, and attenuation caused by atmospheric turbulence are modeled, where the turbulence-induced fading is modeled by a Gamma-Gamma distribution, and the turbulence attenuation as a function of altitude and frequency is derived. Numerical results show that the turbulence leads to at most 10 dB attenuation with frequency less than 1 THz and distance less than 10 km. Furthermore, when the distance is 10 km and the RISC is 10^-9m^(-2/3), the loss of spatial coherence effect leads to 10 dB additional loss for a 1024*1024 ultra-massive MIMO system.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2305.0882

A Universal Attenuation Model of Terahertz Wave in Space-Air-Ground Channel Medium

Providing continuous bandwidth over several tens of GHz, the Terahertz (THz) band (0.1-10 THz) supports space-air-ground integrated network (SAGIN) in 6G and beyond wireless networks. However, it is still mystery how THz waves interact with the channel medium in SAGIN. In this paper, a universal space-air-ground attenuation model is proposed for THz waves, which incorporates the attenuation effects induced by particles including condensed particles, molecules, and free electrons. The proposed model is developed from the insight into the attenuation effects, namely, the physical picture that attenuation is the result of collision between photons that are the essence of THz waves and particles in the environment. Based on the attenuation model, the propagation loss of THz waves in the atmosphere and the outer space are numerically assessed. The results indicate that the attenuation effects except free space loss are all negligible at the altitude higher than 50 km while they need to be considered in the atmosphere lower than 50 km. Furthermore, the capacities of THz SAGIN are evaluated in space-ground, space-sea, ground-sea, and sea-sea scenarios, respectively

Rational design of microRNA-siRNA chimeras for multifunctional target suppression

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a variety of human diseases by simultaneously suppressing many gene targets. Thus, the therapeutic value of miRNAs has been intensely studied. However, there are potential limitations with miRNA-based therapeutics such as a relatively moderate impact on gene target regulation and cellular phenotypic control. To address these issues, we proposed to design new chimeric small RNAs (aiRNAs) by incorporating sequences from both miRNAs and siRNAs. These aiRNAs not only inherited functions from natural miRNAs, but also gained new functions of gene knockdown in an siRNA-like fashion. The improved efficacy of multifunctional aiRNAs was demonstrated in our study by design and testing of an aiRNA that inherited the functions of both miR-200a and an AKT1-targeting siRNA for simultaneous suppression of cancer cell motility and proliferation. The general principles of aiRNA design were further validated by engineering new aiRNAs mimicking another miRNA, miR-9. By regulating multiple cellular functions, aiRNAs could be used as an improved tool over miRNAs to target disease-related genes, thus alleviating our dependency on a limited number of miRNAs for the development of RNAi-based therapeutics

Alkali-earth metal bridges formed in biofilm matrices regulate the uptake of fluoroquinolone antibiotics and protect against bacterial apoptosis

Bacterially extracellular biofilms play a critical role in relieving toxicity of fluoroquinolone antibiotic (FQA) pollutants, yet it is unclear whether antibiotic attack may be defused by a bacterial one-two punch strategy associated with metal-reinforced detoxification efficiency. Our findings help to assign functions to specific structural features of biofilms, as they strongly imply a molecularly regulated mechanism by which freely accessed alkali–earth metals in natural waters affect the cellular uptake of FQAs at the water-biofilm interface. Specifically, formation of alkali-earth-metal (Ca2+ or Mg2+) bridge between modeling ciprofloxacin and biofilms of Escherichia coli regulates the trans-biofilm transport rate of FQAs towards cells (135-nm-thick biofilm). As the addition of Ca2+ and Mg2+ (0–3.5 mmol/L, CIP: 1.25 μmol/L), the transport rates were reduced to 52.4% and 63.0%, respectively. Computational chemistry analysis further demonstrated a deprotonated carboxyl in the tryptophan residues of biofilms acted as a major bridge site, of which one side is a metal and the other is a metal girder jointly connected to the carboxyl and carbonyl of a FQA. The bacterial growth rate depends on the bridging energy at anchoring site, which underlines the environmental importance of metal bridge formed in biofilm matrices in bacterially antibiotic resistance

Heat Transfer Analysis of MgB₂ Coil in Heat Treatment Process for Future Fusion Reactor

State of the art MgB2 is reviewed as a potential material for the poloidal field (PF) coils of the future fusion reactor due to its high critical temperature and low material cost. The heat treatment process is a crucial step in the development of MgB2 magnets. The temperature lag in heat treatment of large magnets can lead to insufficient thermal reaction time. It may be infeasible to control the temperature of a magnet according to the heat treatment scheme recommended for the MgB2 wire. Hence, the heat treatment process of a large magnet needs to be evaluated. Therefore, the dynamic temperature distribution of a MgB2 PF coil is obtained by simulating the heat transfer in heat treatment process. A suitable heat treatment schedule for a large magnet is proposed and the experimental results of a sub-size Cable-In-Conduit Conductor manufactured with MgB2 strand confirmed the feasibility of the newly proposed heat treatment process. The results provide a reference for the heat treatment method of a future larger MgB2 coil.</p

Effects of guar gum supplementation in high-fat diets on fish growth, gut histology, intestinal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in juvenile largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>)

The present study aimed to investigate the influence of guar gum supplementation in high-fat diets on the growth performance and intestinal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis of juvenile largemouth bass. Five isonitrogenous diets were prepared: a control diet (10% crude lipid, C), a high-fat diet (17% crude lipid, HF), and three high-fat diets supplemented with 0.3% guar gum (GG0.3), 1% guar gum (GG1), and 3% guar gum (GG3). Largemouth bass (3.1±0.2 g) were randomly assigned to fifteen tanks (30 fish/tank) and fed for 8 weeks. The results demonstrated that GG0.3 significantly increased specific growth rate (SGR) and increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to HF (P < 0.05). For histology, high-fat diets containing guar gum significantly increased intestinal villus length, villus width, and perimeter ratio, compared with HF (P < 0.05). Compared with Control, HF significantly decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) contents and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the intestine (P < 0.05). Additionally, HF significantly increased the expression of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and cysteine-aspartic proteases 9 (Caspase 9) in the intestine (P < 0.05). Compared to HF, GG0.3 significantly decreased MDA contents, increased GSH contents, and downregulated the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and Caspase 3 than diet HF in the intestine (P < 0.05). These results suggest that guar gum can alleviate the adverse effects of high-fat diets on growth and gut health in fish

Assessment of Distributed Energy Adoption in Commercial Buildings:Part 1: An Analysis of Policy, Building Loads, Tariff Design, andTechnology Development

Rapidly growing electricity demand brings into question theability of traditional grids to expand correspondingly while providingreliable service. An alternative path is the wider application ofdistributed energy resource (DER) that apply combined heat and power(CHP). It can potentially shave peak loads and satiate its growing thirstfor electricity demand, improve overall energy efficiency, and lowercarbon and other pollutant emissions. This research investigates a methodof choosing economically optimal DER, expanding on prior studies at theBerkeley Lab using the DER design optimization program, the DistributedEnergy Resources Customer Adoption Model (DER-CAM). DER-CAM finds theoptimal combination of installed equipment from available DERtechnologies, given prevailing utility tariffs, site electrical andthermal loads, and a menu of available equipment. It provides a globaloptimization, albeit idealized, that shows how the site energy loads canbe served at minimum cost by selection and operation of on-sitegeneration, heat recovery, and cooling. Utility electricity and gastariffs are key factors determining the economic benefit of a CHPinstallation, however often be neglected. This paper describespreliminary analysis on CHP investment climate in the U.S. and Japan. DERtechnologies, energy prices, and incentive measures has beeninvestigated

Activation of miR-9 by human papillomavirus in cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide, leading to about 300,000 deaths each year. Most cervical cancers are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. However, persistent transcriptional activity of HPV oncogenes, which indicates active roles of HPV in cervical cancer maintenance and progression, has not been well characterized. Using our recently developed assays for comprehensive profiling of HPV E6/E7 transcripts, we have detected transcriptional activities of 10 high-risk HPV strains from 87 of the 101 cervical tumors included in the analysis. These HPV-positive patients had significantly better survival outcome compared with HPV-negative patients, indicating HPV transcriptional activity as a favorable prognostic marker for cervical cancer. Furthermore, we have determined microRNA (miRNA) expression changes that were correlated with tumor HPV status. Our profiling and functional analyses identified miR-9 as the most activated miRNA by HPV E6 in a p53-independent manner. Further target validation and functional studies showed that HPV-induced miR-9 activation led to significantly increased cell motility by downregulating multiple gene targets involved in cell migration. Thus, our work helps to understand the molecular mechanisms as well as identify potential therapeutic targets for cervical cancer and other HPV-induced cancers