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Microsatellite analysis of genetic diversity in Indian chicken populations [ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ². (ΠΡΠ°Π½. ΠΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡ)]
Characterization of genetic diversity by employing molecular tools is a prerequisite in developing strategies for conservation and utilization of poultry genetic resources. We assessed genetic variation within and between six Indian chicken populations (Naked Neck, White Silkies, Commercial Layer and Broiler, Giriraja and Desi) using nine microsatellite markers. Seven loci were polymorphic in all populations, with the number of alleles varying from 3 to 27 per locus and 4.1 to 8.6 per population. Average heterozygosity and gene diversity in the populations were 0.68 and 0.66, respectively. Some populations and loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Except Naked Neck, none of other populations was in genotypic disequilibrium for a single pairwise locus combination. F-statistics indicated that populations are genetically structured, βΌ85% of the total genetic variation being due to genetic differentiation within the populations. Estimates of Latterβs FST and Neiβs DS genetic distances revealed relatively close genetic similarity between Naked Neck and Giriraja, while White Silkies was the most distant. An estimated divergence time between Naked Neck and Giriraja was over 100 years, with a comparatively longer (over 450 years) period of separation between Giriraja and White Silkies. We suggest that there is an essential room left for genetic improvement of Indian native breeds and commercial stocks