Determinants of Willingness-to-Pay A Premium Price for Integrated Pest Management Produced Fruits and Vegetables in Trinidad

Overuse of pesticide in crop production poses enormous challenges to the health of farm families, consumers, and the environment. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an ecosystem approach to crop production that combines different management strategies and practices to grow healthy crops and minimize the use of pesticides. As a result of increasing awareness, education and per capita income, there is an increasing concern for food safety and demand for safe products among consumers of high-income countries. Consequently, this study was conducted among 266 randomly surveyed consumers of an affluent Caribbean country, Trinidad to ascertain the factors influencing consumers Willingness-To-Pay (WTP) a premium price for IPM grown-fruits and vegetables. The consumers responses for the dichotomous question, Would you be Willing to Pay an additional cost of 10% for the IPM produces from the current market prices? were analysed using Binary logit regression model. Results indicated that females ageing over 26 years and having children, those with higher annual income and higher level of education were all most likely to pay a premium to obtain IPM grown fruits and vegetables. Willingness-to-purchase IPM produce was found to increase with income, education and age. The findings of this study are promising to those developing marketing strategies, besides enabling the producers to understand that producing fruits and vegetables through IPM would fetch them premium

An Agricultural Apprenticeship Program for Youth in Trinidad, West Indies: Can it Meet the Caribbean’s Urgent Need for Younger Farmers?

To address the aging farmer population in Trinidad, W.I., a situation common to the Caribbean region, a Youth Apprenticeship Program in Agriculture (YAPA) was initiated. An assessment of its effectiveness was conducted in 2007. Results indicated that present trainees went into agriculture to make “additional” income and for self employment, with “contributing to national food security” being ranked lower. They were generally satisfied with the extent of field work, the experience gained and trainers’ knowledge and skills. However, they would leave agriculture if they received other employment opportunities or if they were not provided with key resources such as land and soft loans. Past YAPA trainees had significantly changed (

An Examination of Trinidadian Officer\u27s Behavioral Beliefs and Intent to Participate in an International Extension Experience

Participation in an international extension experience empowers extension professionals to meet the needs of diverse clientele in an increasingly global world. A survey of governmental extension workers in Trinidad was conducted to understand how their behavioral beliefs about an international extension experience influenced their intention to participate in such an experience. Behavioral beliefs can be positively or negatively modified based on an individual’s perceptions of the components (time, location, activities) of a specific international extension experience, so manipulating the components should cause corresponding changes in behavioral beliefs and ultimately intent to participate. This study found positive behavioral beliefs about international extension experience participation are held by Trinidadian extension officers. They are willing to travel to a wide variety of locations and are most interested in acquiring hands-on experience and working one-on-one with another extension professional. The most desirable locations and activities should be integrated into international extension experiences in order to positively influence behavioral beliefs, and thereby intent to participate. Future research is needed to more closely examine the impact of participation on extension officers in Trinidad

Intensive Swine Production: Impact on Air Quality and Its Association with Community Residents’ Respiratory Illnesses

Inadequate waste disposal from an intensive piggery operation has resulted in community residents’ disquiet about the poor air quality. This study (I) assessed the air quality in the community and (II) quantified the extent of symptoms related to respiratory ailments among residents. Measurements, done in the experiment and control areas, included; aerial emission levels of hydrogen sulphide and ammonia and respiratory symptoms of a sample of 172 residents. Results showed that: the highest levels of gas were measured directly outside the farm and gradually decreased as measurements were taken further from the farm; hydrogen sulphide levels were slightly higher than that of the ammonia levels at all test times in experiment area; no gases were detected in the control area; the values for both ammonia and hydrogen sulphide in the experiment samples were significantly lower than that of the established NIOSH Time Weighted Averages; residents in the experiment area reported a higher severity of most symptoms. Recommendations included I) education for the community to enable them to understand the risks faced II) more frequent visits from government health officials and III) persuasion to have the owners of the piggery modify its farm practices and to engage industry best practices

Intensive Swine Production: Impact on Air Quality and Its Association with Community Residents’ Respiratory Illnesses

Inadequate waste disposal from an intensive piggery operation has resulted in community residents’ disquiet about the poor air quality. This study (I) assessed the air quality in the community and (II) quantified the extent of symptoms related to respiratory ailments among residents. Measurements, done in the experiment and control areas, included; aerial emission levels of hydrogen sulphide and ammonia and respiratory symptoms of a sample of 172 residents. Results showed that: the highest levels of gas were measured directly outside the farm and gradually decreased as measurements were taken further from the farm; hydrogen sulphide levels were slightly higher than that of the ammonia levels at all test times in experiment area; no gases were detected in the control area; the values for both ammonia and hydrogen sulphide in the experiment samples were significantly lower than that of the established NIOSH Time Weighted Averages; residents in the experiment area reported a higher severity of most symptoms. Recommendations included I) education for the community to enable them to understand the risks faced II) more frequent visits from government health officials and III) persuasion to have the owners of the piggery modify its farm practices and to engage industry best practices

Linking communities of practice with value chain development in smallholder farming systems

Recognizing that value chains involve complex social and economic relationships, there are shortcomings in existing approaches to governance, whereby different communities in smallholder agriculture could instead work together, leading to increased resilience. Relations of power, politics, socialization, and a collective history of slavery were identified by smallholders as factors contributing to mistrust, and provoked the desire to act independently rather than collaborating in communities of practice. “Communities of practice” literature is not included in value chain research and development; however, it is helpful in discerning the core challenges of collaboration, trust, and learning, particularly in developing area contexts

Agricultural technologies bring healthy diversity to school meals

French version available in IDRC Digital Library: Saine diversification des repas servis dans les écoles grâce aux innovations en agricultureThe Farm to Fork model, developed specifically for the Caribbean, resulted in increased income for farmers and improved consistency in food production and supply. Technical and institutional support for irrigated agriculture increased yields and opened new markets, particularly for women farmers. Use of locally made compost increased productivity, quality and profitability. The project worked with the Ministry of Agriculture, to introduce drip irrigation to 16 smallholder farmers, who were also trained in techniques for soil moisture monitoring and conservation. Improved agricultural technologies enabled farmers to supply school feeding programs and enhance dietary diversity