4,347 research outputs found
Inclusive Development: Two Papers on Conceptualization, Application, and the ADB Perspective
This compendium brings together two companion papers on inclusive development. The first paper uses the global literature to formulate a conceptualisation of inclusive development and inclusive growth, and to put the conceptualisation through its paces by applying it to the specific case of donor assistance to rural infrastructure. The second paper conducts a detailed review and a synthesis of Asian Development Bank literature on inclusive growth and inclusive development, to see how one particular international organization has addressed, and attempted to resolve, the analytical and operational issues associated with inclusive development.International Development, International Relations/Trade,
Comparison of Leaf Reflectance of Sorghum Plants Infested by Sugarcane Aphids
Sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Homiptera: Aphididae; Fig. 1A), is a significant pest to sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (Fig. 1B). Sorghum fields are regularly surveyed to detect pest infestation. Remote sensing methods using satellite and aircraft data are expected to provide an efficient alternative to field surveys. However, spectral signature of sugarcane aphid infested sorghum plants is not well understood. We evaluated reflectance spectra of sorghum leaves infested by sugarcane aphids. We used those spectral data to estimate indices that are related to photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll', anthocyanin, and carotenoids. We also estimated an aphid index, damage sensitive spectral index (DSSI)". We used these data to examine whether indices differ between pest infested and uninfested plants. We predicted that plants infested by aphid will have higher levels of anthocyanin, carotenoids, and DSSI indices compared to the control plants. In contrary, chlorophyll index will be greater for uninfested plants
Plentiful magnetic moments in oxygen deficient SrTiO3
Correlated band theory is employed to investigate the magnetic and electronic
properties of different arrangements of oxygen di- and tri-vacancy clusters in
SrTiO. Hole and electron doping of oxygen deficient SrTiO yields
various degrees of magnetization as a result of the interaction between
localized magnetic moments at the defected sites. Different kinds of Ti atomic
orbital hybridization are described as a function of the doping level and
defect geometry. We find that magnetism in SrTiO is sensitive to
the arrangement of neighbouring vacancy sites, charge carrier density, and
vacancy-vacancy interaction. Permanent magnetic moments in the absence of
vacancy doping electrons are observed. Our description of the charged clusters
of oxygen vacancies widens the previous descriptions of mono and
multi-vacancies and points out the importance of the controled formation at the
atomic level of defects for the realization of transition metal oxide based
devices with a desirable magnetic performance.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, continuation of arXiv:1408.310
Finite Element Simulation in Superplastic forming of Friction Stir Welded Aluminium Alloy 6061-T6
Superplasticity in materials is the ability of materials to achieve large elongation only under specific conditions of temperature and strain rate. Superplastic Forming (SPF) is an important industrial process that has found application in sheet metal forming in the aerospace and automotive industries. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid state joining process that can alter the grain structure of the parent material. FSW process is an effective tool to refine the grain structure of the sheet metal and enhance their Superplasticity. Friction Stir Welding was used to join Superplastic AA 6061-T6 sheets. The Finite Element Simulation was performed for the Superplastic Forming of the Friction Stir Welded joints to evaluate the thinning and formability of AA 6061-T6 for hemispherical shape. The commercially available Finite Element Software ABAQUS was used to execute these simulations
High Field Magneto-Conductivity Analysis of Bi2Se3 Single Crystal
We report the high field (up to 14Tesla) magneto-conductivity analysis of
Bi2Se3 topological insulator grown via the self flux method. The detailed
experimental investigations including crystal growth as well as the electrical,
thermal and spectroscopic characterizations of the resultant Bi2Se3 single
crystal are already reported by some of us. The current letter deals with high
field magneto-conductivity analysis in terms of Hikami Larkin Nagaoka (HLN)
model, which revealed that the electronic conduction is dominated by both
surface states driven weak anti localization (WAL), as well the bulk WL (weak
localization) states. Further, by applying the HLN equation we have extracted
the fitting parameters i.e., phase coherence length and the pre-factor. The HLN
equation exhibited values of [pre factor close to -1.0, indicating both WAL and
WL contributions. On the other hand, the extracted phase coherence length is
seen to decrease from 11.125 nm to 5.576 nm as the temperature is increased
from 5K to 200K respectively. Summarily, the short letter discusses primarily
the temperature dependent magneto-conductivity analysis of pristine Bi2Se3
single crystal by the HLN model.Comment: Letter to Editor MS: 10 pages including 3 Fig
Crystal Growth and Characterization of Bulk Sb2Te3Topological Insulator
The Sb2Te3 crystals are grown using the conventional self flux method via
solid state reaction route, by melting constituent elements (Sb and Te) at high
temperature (850 C), followed by slow cooling (2 C per hour).The weak anti
localization (WAL) related low field (2 Tesla) magneto-conductance at low
temperatures (2.5 K and 20 K) has been analysed and discussed using the Hikami-
Larkin - Nagaoka (HLN) model. Summarily, the short letter reports an easy and
versatile method for crystal growth of bulk Sb2Te3 topological insulator (TI)
and its brief physical property characterization.Comment: 18 Pages Text + Figs: Accepted Mat. Res. Exp. (May 2018
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