2 research outputs found

    Capillaroscopy, microangiopathy, and HIV. Descriptive study of capillaroscopy findings in HIV positive patients

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    Background. In this study, we aim to evaluate microangiopathy in HIV positive patients by using capillaroscopy. To date, few studies have been published on the topic. Capillaroscopy may be a tool for early diagnosis of cardiovascular involvement in this patient population.Methodology. Cross-sectional study with HIV positive patients >18 years. The enrolment period was set from January to June 2018. The following data were collected: demographic (sex, age), laboratory tests (duration of infection, CD4 cell count, CD4:CD8 ratio, coinfection with other viruses), antiretroviral treatment, dyslipidemia, and comorbidities (active smoking, alcoholism, high blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, car-diopathy). The capillaroscopy and blood tests were performed simultaneously. The following alterations were evaluated in the capillaroscopy: congestion, tortuosity, haemorrhage, dilations, capillary loss, and presence of megacapillaries.Results. One hundred and two patients were included; 73.5% were male, mean age was 40 years (SD: 10), and mean duration of infection 4.5 years (SD 3.1). At diagnosis, mean CD4 cell count was 408/mm3 and CD4/CD8 ratio 0.4. A number of patients (14.7%) were coinfected with the hepatitis B virus; 31.3% were active smokers and 13.7% alcoholics. Capillaroscopy alterations were found in most study patients (93.1%): congestion (78.5%), tortuosity (77.5%), haemorrhage (13.8%), dilations (11.8%), capillary loss (5%), and megacapillaries (1%). Capillary tortuo-sity was associated with age and smoking; and haemorrhage with age, CD4, antiretroviral treatment, and hypertension.Conclusion. Prevalence of capillaroscopy alterations is high in HIV positive patients, particularly tortuosity and congestion. To the best of our knowledge, the later alteration has not been pre-viously reported in this group of patients

    Utilidad de la ecograf铆a de la arteria femoral complementaria a la exploraci贸n carot铆dea para la detecci贸n de ateromatosis subcl铆nica en pacientes con infecci贸n por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana

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    Introducci贸n: La detecci贸n de la enfermedad ateromatosa subcl铆nica (EAS) en los pacientes con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) se basa habitualmente en la ecograf铆a carot铆dea. Sin embargo, estudios en otras enfermedades muestran una infraestimaci贸n de la EAS cuando se explora exclusivamente la regi贸n carot铆dea. Este estudio eval煤a el impacto de la exploraci贸n combinada carot铆dea y femoral en la detecci贸n de la EAS. M茅todos: Estudio transversal y prospectivo de pacientes con VIH, diagnosticados entre 2008 y 2017. Se realiz贸 ecograf铆a carot铆dea y femoral. La EAS fue definida seg煤n los criterios de Mannheim. Resultados: Se incluyeron 102 pacientes (edad media: 40 a帽os, el 73,5% varones). La prevalencia de la EAS por exploraci贸n carot铆dea fue del 15,7% (n = 16), y por exploraci贸n femoral fue del 18,6% (n = 19). La proporci贸n de pacientes con criterios de EAS global (afectaci贸n carot铆dea o femoral) fue del 23,5% (n = 24) lo que implica un aumento absoluto de la detecci贸n de EAS del 7,84% (IC 95%: 2,63-13,06%). Conclusiones: La detecci贸n de la EAS aumenta de forma importante con el uso combinado de la ecograf铆a carot铆dea y femoral en la poblaci贸n con VIH
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