3,362 research outputs found
Convergence Hypotheses are Ill-Posed:Non-stationarity of Cross-Country Income Distribution D
The recent literature on “convergence� of cross-country per capita incomes has been dominated by two competing hypotheses: “global convergence� and “club-convergence�. This debate has recently relied on the study of limiting distributions of estimated income distribution dynamics. Utilizing new measures of “stochastic stability�, we establish two stylized facts that question the fruitfulness of the literature’s focus on asymptotic income distributions. The first stylized fact is non-stationarity of transition dynamics, in the sense of changing transition kernels, which renders all “convergence� hypotheses that make long-term predictions on income distribution, based on relatively short time series, less meaningful. The second stylized fact is the periodic emergence, disappearance, and re-emergence of a “stochastically stable� middle-income group. We show that the probability of escaping a low-income poverty-trap depends on the existence of such a stable middle income group. While this does not answer the perennial questions about long-term effects of globalization on the cross-country income distribution, it does shed some light on the types of environments that are conducive to narrowing/global income distribution; convergence clubs; transition kernel; stochastic stability
When Does an Ensemble of Matrices with Randomly Scaled Rows Lose Rank?
We consider the problem of determining rank loss conditions for a
concatenation of full-rank matrices, such that each row of the composing
matrices is scaled by a random coefficient. This problem has applications in
wireless interference management and recommendation systems. We determine
necessary and sufficient conditions for the design of each matrix, such that
the random ensemble will almost surely lose rank by a certain amount. The
result is proved by converting the problem to determining rank loss conditions
for the union of some specific matroids, and then using tools from matroid and
graph theories to derive the necessary and sufficient conditions. As an
application, we discuss how this result can be applied to the problem of
topological interference management, and characterize the linear symmetric
degrees of freedom for a class of network topologies.Comment: submitted to IEEE Transactions on Information Theory; shorter version
to appear at IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT 2015
The 3XMM/SDSS Stripe 82 Galaxy Cluster Survey: Cluster catalogue and discovery of two merging cluster candidates
We present a galaxy cluster survey based on XMM-Newton observations that are
located in Stripe 82 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The survey covers
an area of 11.25 deg. The X-ray cluster candidates were selected as
serendipitously extended detected sources from the third XMM-Newton
serendipitous source catalogue (3XMM-DR5). A cross-correlation of the candidate
list that comprises 94 objects with recently published X-ray and optically
selected cluster catalogues provided optical confirmations and redshift
estimates for about half of the candidate sample. We present a catalogue of
X-ray cluster candidates previously known in X-ray and/or optical bands from
the matched catalogues or NED. The catalogue consists of 54 systems with
redshift measurements in the range of 0.05-1.19 with a median of 0.36. Of
these, 45 clusters have spectroscopic confirmations as stated in the matched
catalogues. We spectroscopically confirmed another 6 clusters from the
available spectroscopic redshifts in the SDSS-DR12. The cluster catalogue
includes 17 newly X-ray discovered clusters, while the remainder were detected
in previous XMM-Newton and/or ROSAT cluster surveys. Based on the available
redshifts and fluxes given in the 3XMM-DR5 catalogue, we estimated the X-ray
luminosities and masses for the cluster sample. We also present the list of the
remaining X-ray cluster candidates (40 objects) that have no redshift
information yet in the literature. Of these candidates, 25 sources are
considered as distant cluster candidates beyond a redshift of 0.6. We also
searched for galaxy cluster mergers in our cluster sample and found two strong
candidates for newly discovered cluster mergers at redshifts of 0.11 and 0.26.
The X-ray and optical properties of these systems are presented.Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A&A, revised
version after language editin
The Deterministic Capacity of Relay Networks with Relay Private Messages
We study the capacity region of a deterministic 4-node network, where 3 nodes
can only communicate via the fourth one. However, the fourth node is not merely
a relay since it can exchange private messages with all other nodes. This
situation resembles the case where a base station relays messages between users
and delivers messages between the backbone system and the users. We assume an
asymmetric scenario where the channel between any two nodes is not reciprocal.
First, an upper bound on the capacity region is obtained based on the notion of
single sided genie. Subsequently, we construct an achievable scheme that
achieves this upper bound using a superposition of broadcasting node 4 messages
and an achievable "detour" scheme for a reduced 3-user relay network.Comment: 3 figures, accepted at ITW 201
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