Gross cardiac characteristics.

<p>Values are reported as means ± SEM. Abbreviations: HW = heart weight; BW = body weight; LVW = left ventricular weight; RVW = right ventricular weight. * and ^# indicate a significant difference between Fto^+/+ and Fto^−/− mice (p&lt;0.05 and p&lt;0.01, respectively).</p

Cardiac interval duration.

<p>Values are expressed as means ± SEM. * and ^# indicate a significant difference between Fto^+/+ (n = 8) and Fto^−/− (n = 12) mice (p&lt;0.05 and p&lt;0.01, respectively).</p

Cardiac autonomic response to the injection of saline.

<p>Time course of changes in heart rate (panel A), RMSSD values (panel B), high frequency (HF) spectral power (panel C) and LF to HF ratio (panel D) following the injection of saline, in Fto^+/+ (n = 8) and Fto^−/− (n = 12) mice. Baseline reference value (bas) is the mean value of the ten 3-min time points in resting conditions. Values are expressed means ± SEM. * and ^# indicate a significant difference between Fto^+/+ and Fto^−/− mice (p&lt;0.05 and p&lt;0.01, respectively).</p

Radiotelemetric and HRV parameters in response to the saline injection test.

<p>Values are reported as means ± SEM of data obtained by averaging multiple 3-min segments acquired in baseline conditions (30 min) and following the injection of saline (60 min) in Fto^+/+ (n = 8) and Fto^−/− mice (n = 12). Abbreviations: HRV = heart rate variability; HR = heart rate; RMSSD = square root of the mean squared differences of successive RR intervals; HF = high-frequency; LF = low-frequency; T = body temperature; LOC = locomotor activity. * and ^# indicate a significant difference between Fto^+/+ and Fto^−/− mice (p&lt;0.05 and p&lt;0.01, respectively).</p

Radiotelemetric and HRV parameters in response to the restraint test.

<p>Values are reported as means ± SEM of data obtained by averaging multiple 3-min segments acquired in baseline conditions (30 min), during the restraint (15 min) and the recovery phase (45 min) in Fto^+/+ (n = 8) and Fto^−/− mice (n = 12). Abbreviations: HRV = heart rate variability; HR = heart rate; RMSSD = square root of the mean squared differences of successive RR intervals; HF = high-frequency; LF = low-frequency; T = body temperature; LOC = locomotor activity. * and ^# indicate a significant difference between Fto^+/+ and Fto^−/− mice (p&lt;0.05 and p&lt;0.01, respectively).</p

Susceptibility to cardiac tachyarrhythmias.

<p>Panel A shows an example of ECG traces belonging to a representative Fto^−/− mouse with isolated supraventricular (SV) and ventricular (V) ectopic beats. Panels B and C report the incidence of tachyarrhythmias following the injection of saline and during the restraint test, respectively, in Fto^+/+ (n = 8) and Fto^−/− (n = 12) mice. Values are reported as means ± SEM. * indicates a significant difference between Fto^+/+ and Fto^−/− mice (p&lt;0.05).</p

Cardiac autonomic response to restraint test.

<p>Time course of changes in heart rate (panel A), RMSSD values (panel B), high frequency (HF) spectral power (panel C), and LF to HF ratio (panel D) during the restraint test and the recovery phase, in Fto^+/+ (n = 8) and Fto^−/− (n = 12) mice. Baseline reference value (bas) is the mean value of the ten 3-min time points in resting conditions. Values are expressed as means ± SEM. * and ^# indicate a significant difference between Fto^+/+ and Fto^−/− mice (p&lt;0.05 and p&lt;0.01, respectively).</p

Daily rhythms of heart rate, body temperature and locomotor activity.

<p>For the 12-light and 12 h-dark phases, values are reported as means ± SEM of data obtained by averaging multiple 2-min segments acquired every hour over a period of 5 days in Fto^+/+ (n = 8) and Fto^−/− (n = 12) mice. * and ^# indicate a significant difference between Fto^+/+ and Fto^−/− mice (p&lt;0.05 and p&lt;0.01, respectively).</p

Timeline of procedures used in the current study: CPS (Chronic Psychosocial Stress).

<p>Timeline of procedures used in the current study: CPS (Chronic Psychosocial Stress).</p

HR and RMSSD responses to social defeat episodes in KO and WT mice.

<p>Values are means ± SE.</p>*<p> = significantly different from corresponding WT value, p<0.05.</p