Cuantificación objetiva de los niveles y patrones de actividad física en población infantil con patología crónica controlada

Tesis inédita presentada en la Universidad Europea de Madrid. Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte. Programa de Doctorado en Actividad Física y DeportesEl conocimiento de los niveles de actividad física de un sujeto es fundamental a la hora de planificar o evaluar intervenciones con ejercicio en poblaciones sanas y especialmente en poblaciones con patología. El objetivo principal de esta Tesis fue cuantificar los niveles y patrones de actividad física medidos de forma objetiva en población infantil con patología controlada; y analizar dichos resultados en comparación con un grupo control de población sana. Analizar diferencias en los niveles y patrones de actividad física medidos de forma objetiva entre población infantil con anorexia nerviosa y grupo control de población infantil sana. Además de analizar diferencias en los niveles y patrones de actividad física medidos de forma objetiva entre población infantil con fibrosis quística y grupo control de población infantil sana, para finalizar con el análisis de las diferencias en los niveles de actividad física medidos de forma objetiva con dos acelerómetros diferentes en población infantil con parálisis cerebral. La información obtenida mediante la medición de los niveles y patrones de actividad física, es valiosa para el equipo clínico que trata a estos niño/as para la programación y tratamiento mediante ejercicio físico de las tres patologías. Para desarrollar esta tesis hemos contado con la colaboración del Hospital infantil del niño Jesús de la Comunidad de Madrid y los materiales técnicos pertenecientes al laboratorio de fisiología del ejercicio de la UEM y al Departamento de Actividad Física de la UCLM. [Resumen Teseo

Short-term, light- to moderate-intensity exercise training improves leg muscle strength in the oldest old: a randomized controlled trial

Our objective was to assess the effects of an 8-week exercise training program with a special focus on light- to moderate-intensity resistance exercises (30-70% of one repetition maximum, 1RM) and a subsequent 4-week training cessation period (detraining) on muscle strength and functional capacity in participants aged 90 and older. We studied a randomized controlled trial performed during March to September 2009. Forty nonagenarians (90-97) were randomly assigned to an intervention or control group (16 women and 4 men per group). We analyzed eight-week muscle strength exercise intervention focused on lower limb strength exercises of light to moderate intensity. we studied handgrip strength, 8-m walk test, 4-step stairs test, Timed Up and Go test, and number of falls. A significant group by time interaction effect (P=.02) was observed only for the 1RM leg press. In the intervention group, 1RM leg press increased significantly with training by 10.6 kg [95% confidence interval (CI)=4.1-17.1 kg; P=.01]. Except for the mean group number of falls, which were 1.2 falls fewer per participant in the intervention group (95% CI=0.0-3.0; P=.03), no significant training effect on the secondary outcome measures was found. In conclusion, exercise training, even of short duration and light to moderate intensity, can increase muscle strength while decreasing fall risk in nonagenarians.3.737 JCR (2011) Q1, 9745 Geriatrics & gerontologyUE

Does resistance training improve the functional capacity and well being of very young anorexic patients? A randomized controlled trial

We determined the effects of a 3-month low-moderate-intensity strength training program (2 sessions/week) on functional capacity, muscular strength, body composition, and quality of life (QOL) in 22 young (12-16 yrs) anorexic outpatients. Patients were randomly assigned to a training or control group (n=11 [10 females] each). Training sessions were of low intensity (loads for large muscle groups ranging between 20%-30% and 50%-60% of six repetitions maximum [6RM] at the end of the program). We measured functional capacity by the time up and go and the timed up and down stairs tests. Muscular strength was assessed by 6RM measures for seated bench and leg presses. We estimated percent body fat and muscle mass. We assessed patients' QOL with the Short Form-36 items. The result of this study was that the intervention was well tolerated and did not have any deleterious effect on patients' health, and did not induce significant losses in their body mass. The only studied variable for which a significant interaction (group x time) effect was found (p=.009) was the 6RM seated lateral row test. In conclusion, low-moderate-intensity strength training does not seem to add major benefits to conventional psychotherapy and refeeding treatments in young anorexic patients.3.116 JCR (2010) Q1, 8/109 Pediatrics, 24/142 Public, environmental & occupational healthUE